The Effect of Parental Collaboration on Diabetes Self-Efficacy, Quality of Life and HbA1c Level in Adolescents Diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes.

Objective: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is a chronic disease that is common in childhood and adolescence, where care and metabolic control are difficult for both adolescents and their parents. Parental participation in the care and treatment process, especially during adolescence when adolescents develop autonomy and take responsibility for self-care, affects both the adolescent's perception of autonomy and may cause difficulties in self-management. This study was conducted to determine the effect of parental support on adolescents' self-efficacy, quality of life (QoL) and glycaemic control in adolescents with T1D.

The effectiveness of the therapeutic toys on the comfort level and vital signs of the neonates during intravenous cannula insertion (Comfiestudy): A randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: This study was planned to determine the effect of the therapeutic toy used during IV cannula insertion on the comfort level, crying time and vital signs of neonates.

Methods: The sample (n = 38) was randomized to the Control and the Comfie Groups. Vital signs were measured before, during, and after the IV cannula insertion.