The underlying causes, treatment options of gut microbiota and food habits in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a narrative review.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a long-lasting endocrine disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycaemia, which is often triggered by an entire or relative inadequacy of insulin production or insulin resistance. As a result of resistance to insulin (IR) and an overall lack of insulin in the body, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic illness that is characterized by hyperglycaemia. Notably, the occurrence of vascular complications of diabetes and the advancement of IR in T2DM are accompanied by dysbiosis of the gut microbiota.

Poverty, undernutrition and morbidity: The untold story of tea-garden workers of Alipurduar district, West Bengal.

Background: There is a paucity of information on health and nutritional status of tea-garden workers of West Bengal, which is crucial to meet their health needs by formulating appropriate public health interventions.

Objectives/aims: The objective of this study is to assess the morbidity pattern and nutritional status of tea-garden workers of West Bengal, India.

Materials And Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted among 463 tea-garden workers of randomly selected three tea gardens of Alipurduar district of West Bengal, India, chosen by multi-stage sampling.

Metabolic syndrome is not uncommon among lean non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients as compared with those with obesity.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with obesity, which is known to be associated with metabolic syndrome (MS). However, the risk factors for NAFLD in absence of obesity (leanness) is not well-studied. This study aimed to investigate and compare the clinical characteristics, metabolic associations, and cardiovascular risk factors among patients having NAFLD with (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 23 kg/m) or without obesity (BMI < 23 kg/m).

Better Predictive Value of Cancer Antigen125 (CA125) as Biomarker in Ovary and Breast Tumors and its Correlation with the Histopathological Type/Grade of the Disease.

Background: Both ovarian/breast cancers are the most prevalent hormone-associated gynecological-cancers, where uncontrolled cellular proliferations/genetic-errors are noticed. The cancer-antigen125 (CA125), which we assessed presently is an important biomarker in the early detection/monitoring of this disease-pathogenesis.

Methods: Serum/tissue CA125 was measured by solid-phase-Enzyme-linked-immunosorbentassay in women with ovarian/breast tumors of different types (epithelial/non-epithelial; benign/ borderline/ malignant)/stages.

Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) Protects Against Arsenic Neurotoxicity via Antioxidative Mechanism and Activation of Superoxide Dismutase Activity.

Background: Chronic arsenic-exposure even at a low-dose results in the neural impairment and motor/cognitive dysfunction. However, several preventive approaches are made mainly against hepatic/ gastrointestinal damages. Only a few investigations postulate therapeutic strategies for neural anomalies.

Metabolic syndrome among elderly care-home residents in southern India: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The health of the elderly population and the emergence of noncommunicable diseases have become major public health issues in recent years. Metabolic syndrome is thought to be the main driving force for the global epidemic of cardiovascular diseases, as well as for type 2 diabetes. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its correlates among the residents of care homes for the elderly in Hyderabad city, India.

Diabetes in rural individuals of different nutritional status and the alarming situation demands focus more on its under-nutrition association.

Objective: To study the relationship of nutritional-status with diabetes.

Design: The socioeconomics/anthropometrics, blood-glucose/systemic-hypertension are evaluated in consecutively-selected diabetic-patients.

Setting: Semi-urban/rural India.

Social determinants of stunting in rural area of Wardha, Central India.

Background: Stunting is a consequence of long term, cumulative inadequacies of health and nutrition. Health system uses underweight for growth monitoring for its simplicity. Lately there is renewed interest in stunting and especially severe acute malnutrition.

Are institutional deliveries promoted by Janani Suraksha Yojana in a district of West Bengal, India?

'Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY)' was implemented in India to promote institutional deliveries among the poorer section of the society. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Bankura district among 324 women who delivered in last 12 months selected through 40 cluster technique to find out institutional delivery rate, utilization of JSY during antenatal period and relation between cash benefit under JSY during antenatal period and institutional delivery. Overall institutional delivery rate was 73.

Ocular effects of long term use of topical steroids among children and adolescents with vernal keratoconjunctivitis: a prospective observational study.

Topical steroids were often irrationally used on long term basis for quick relief from ocular discomfort of inflammatory eye conditions like vernal keratoconjunctivitis in spite of their well known deleterious ocular effects. The present study was undertaken to determine the ocular effects of long term use of topical steroids among the patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis and also to evaluate the ocular responses after withdrawal of steroids. The prospective observational study was carried out in a tertiary eye care centre of West Bengal.

Skill of frontline workers implementing integrated management of neonatal and childhood illness: experience from a district of West Bengal, India.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Purulia district, West Bengal, India, to assess the skill of 155 frontline workers implementing Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness (IMNCI) and the logistic support thereof. The skills of counting respiratory rate, assessing immunization status in both age groups, assessment of breastfeeding in young infants and plotting of weight in a growth chart in case of children aged 2-59 months were acquired by majority of workers. Around two-thirds workers synthesized correct classification and nearly 60% gave appropriate management of at least one subgroup.