In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Pharmacokinetic Study for Bosutinib Solid Lipid Nanoparticles.

Objective: Bosutinib (BST) is a Biopharmaceutics Classification System Class II drug having very low solubility and high permeability. Low aqueous solubility and poor dissolution of BST lead to poor bioavailability, Thus, limited aqueous solubility is the bottleneck for the therapeutic outcome of BST. Animal data suggest that the absolute bioavailability of BST is about 14-34% due to an extensive first-pass effect.

Comparing the Effects of Intramuscular Injections of Dexamethasone and Ketorolac Tromethamine on Post-treatment Endodontic Pain: An In Vivo Study.

Background And Objectives: Pain is the primary reason dental patients seek endodontic therapy. Post-treatment endodontic discomfort is a sequelae of periapical inflammation and anti-inflammatory drugs such as corticosteroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) would be reasonable therapy options. The purpose of this study was to compare and assess the efficacy of intramuscular injections of dexamethasone and ketorolac tromethamine versus placebo in reducing post-treatment endodontic pain in individuals undergoing root canal treatment.

A comparative evaluation of peppermint oil and lignocaine spray as topical anesthetic agents prior to local anesthesia in children: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: In pediatric dentistry, fear and anxiety are common among children. Local anesthetics (LA) are widely used to control pain and reduce discomfort in children during dental treatment. Topical anesthetics play a vital role in reducing pain and the unpleasant sensation of a needle puncture in children.

Multifaceted roles of mitochondrial dysfunction in diseases: from powerhouses to saboteurs.

The fact that mitochondria play a crucial part in energy generation has led to the nickname "powerhouses" of the cell being applied to them. They also play a significant role in many other cellular functions, including calcium signalling, apoptosis, and the creation of vital biomolecules. As a result, cellular function and health as a whole can be significantly impacted by mitochondrial malfunction.

Sterilization of New Endodontic Hand Files Stored in Dental Office Inventory: An In Vitro Study.

Background and objective Endodontic files, as supplied by the manufacturers to the endodontists, are not pre-sterile routinely. For both new and used equipment, rotary as well as manual, autoclaving is the standard sterilization protocol used in clinical and academic practice. In dentistry, instrument sterilization aims to safeguard patients from cross-contamination through instruments.

Ceramic Onlay: A Case Report.

With the growing demand for minimally invasive dental restoration, conservative treatment options offer good aesthetic outcomes and durability with minimal tooth reduction. The use of ceramics in dental restoration has been on the rise in the past two decades due to its long-term benefits and capacity to produce a superior bond to tooth structure when used in conjunction with adhesive cement and acid-etch procedures. A ceramic onlay, which covers one or more cusps, also helps to preserve dental tissue.

Vanillic acid attenuates cell proliferation, xenobiotic enzyme activity, and the status of pulmonary mitochondrial enzymes in lung carcinoma.

The purpose of the study is to determine the anti-proliferative and mitochondrial status of benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung cancer in Swiss albino mice, as well as the modulatory effect of vanillic acid on it. B(a)P had altered levels of lysosomal enzymes, xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, cell proliferation, inflammation, and mitochondrial abnormalities, whereas treatment with VA treatment significantly reversed the aforementioned activities. According to the findings, VA greatly reduces lung carcinogenesis by restoring antioxidants and xenobiotic-enzyme levels, consequently proving to be an anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory drug against lung cancer in mice.

Pyrimidine derivatives as EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small-cell lung cancer: A comprehensive review.

EGFR-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) due to primary mutation (EGFR DEL19 & L858R) has been recognized as a crucial mediator of tumor progression. This led to the development and approval of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which addresses EGFR-mediated NSCLC but fail to show potency after initial months of therapy due to acquired resistance (EGFR T790M, EGFR C797S). Extensive research allowed identification of drugs for EGFR-positive NSCLC, wherein the majority of compounds have a pyrimidine substructure offering marked therapeutic benefits compared with chemotherapy.

Codon usage bias analysis of genes linked with esophagus cancer.

Esophageal cancer involves multiple genetic alternations. A systematic codon usage bias analysis was completed to investigate the bias among the esophageal cancer responsive genes. GC-rich genes were low (average effective number of codon value was 49.

Antimicrobial Efficacy of Morinda citrifolia, Nisin, and 2% Chlorhexidine Against Enterococcus faecalis: An In-Vitro Study.

Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial activity of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (2% CHX), (), and nisin (NI) all in gel forms against  ()-infected root canals. Methodology Forty single-rooted mandibular premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were decoronated and chemomechanical preparation of the root canal was performed. After sterilization, the samples were inoculated with for one week and grouped according to the medicament used namely, saline as the control group (Group-A), 2% CHX (Group-B), (Group-C), and NI (Group-D).

Preferences and their correlation between children and their parents' attitudes towards non-pharmacological behaviour guidance techniques - A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Dental treatment for children requires the use of behaviour guidance techniques (BGTs), which are used in the dental office to make children cope with dental treatment.

Aim: Evaluate how children and parents felt towards BGTs used in a dental office, by attitude meter and to correlate them.

Materials And Method: Children (200) from 7-17 years and their parents were selected randomly to participate in the study.

Identification of disease genes and assessment of eye-related diseases caused by disease genes using JMFC and GDLNN.

Early detection of disease genes helps humans to recover from certain gene-related diseases, like genetic eye diseases. This work identifies the possibility of eye diseasesfor the disease genes utilizing a Gaussian-activation function (G)-centric deeplearning neural network (GDLNN) model. In this work, human genes are selected by computing structural similarity and genes are clustered as disease genesand normal genes by using the JMFC clustering algorithm.

Dermatoglyphics as a Novel Method for Assessing Intelligence Quotient in Children Aged 5-11 Years: A Cross-sectional Study.

Aim: To measure the IQ and record dermatoglyphic patterns of children including intellectually disabled aged between 5 years and 11 years and to correlate them.

Materials And Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study conducted in two private schools in the city corporation limits. A total of 300 children aged between 5 years and 11 years were equally allocated into three groups based on IQ using covariate adaptive randomization.

First Trimester Ferritin Is Superior over Soluble Transferrin Receptor and Hepcidin in Predicting Anemia in the Third Trimester: Result from a Cohort Study in Indonesia.

Introduction: Anemia in the third trimester has been identified as a risk factor for maternal and fetal morbidity that might lead to mortality. Due to its high cost, finding the best marker to predict anemia became more important to allow early prevention. Only one of ferritin, hepcidin, or soluble transferrin receptors can be picked for the prediction of anemia in the third trimester especially in low-resource setting.

Comparative Enactment of CarieScanPRO™ with Conventional Methods to Detect Occlusal Carious Lesions in the Mandibular Primary Molars.

Aim: To assess the performance of CarieScanPRO™ with radiovisiography (RVG) and international caries detection and assessment system II (ICDAS-II) to detect the occlusal carious lesions in the mandibular primary molars.

Methods: Fifty healthy children of age 5-7 years were involved and evaluated for caries using visual ICDAS-II, RVG, and CarieScanPRO™. Operative intervention pit and fissure opening served as a gold standard for comparison of the three methods of examination.

Analysis of Articulation Errors in Dysarthric Speech.

Imprecise articulation is the major issue reported in various types of dysarthria. Detection of articulation errors can help in diagnosis. The cues derived from both the burst and the formant transitions contribute to the discrimination of place of articulation of stops.

Minimally invasive lateral transpsoas approach for lumbar corpectomy and stabilization.

Background: Here, we present our experience with the minimally invasive (MI) transpsoas approach for lumbar corpectomy and stabilization. Transpsoas approach accesses the lumbar spine and includes both the direct lateral interbody fusion and extreme lateral interbody fusion techniques. Both procedures utilize a tubular retractor system which facilitates adequate retraction and direct visualization of the target, while supposedly reducing soft tissue trauma.

Optimizing ultraviolet B radiation exposure to prevent vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women in the tropical zone: report from cohort study on vitamin D status and its impact during pregnancy in Indonesia.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy carries potential threat to fetal well being. Natural conversion of vitamin D in the skin can be facilitated by direct ultra violet B (UVB) radiation, but the effect is reduced by wearing umbrellas, clothes, or sunblock cream. Muslim women wear hijab that allows only face and hands to be seen.

Optimal technique of radiotherapy for carcinoma cervix in developing countries: Dosimetric and logistic comparison.

Purpose: Carcinoma cervix is the most common malignancy affecting women in developing countries. Radical radiotherapy is the mainstay of treatment in more than 90% of patients. The present study is a dosimetric and logistic comparison of various techniques of radiotherapy, namely two-dimensional conventional radiotherapy (2DCRT), three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).

Early Competing Deaths in Locally Advanced Head-and-Neck Cancer.

Introduction: The competing (noncancer) deaths have increased with aggressive treatment approach and better disease control in locally advanced head-and-neck cancer.

Aim: The aim of this study is to find incidence, cause and predictors of early competing mortality in locally advanced head-and-neck cancer patients undergoing combined modality therapy.

Subjects And Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 125 locally advanced head-and-neck patients treated from January 2013 to June 2017 were analyzed.

Association of Colecalciferol, Ferritin, and Anemia among Pregnant Women: Result from Cohort Study on Vitamin D Status and Its Impact during Pregnancy and Childhood in Indonesia.

Studies had shown that iron-cycling was disturbed by inflammatory process through the role of hepcidin. Pregnancy is characterized by shifts of interleukin. Our objective was to determine if 25(OH) vitamin D (colecalciferol) status was associated with ferritin, anemia, and its changes during pregnancy.

Analgesic and Opioid Use in Pain Associated with Head-and-Neck Radiation Therapy.

Aim: The aim of the study is to find the incidence of analgesic and opioid use in pain associated in HNC patient undergoing radiation therapy.

Background: Radiation therapy with concurrent chemotherapy has become the standard of care in head and neck cancer. Acute toxicity like mucositis and dysphagia has increased with aggressive therapy.

The Effectiveness of Articaine and Lidocaine Single Buccal Infiltration versus Conventional Buccal and Palatal Injection Using Lidocaine during Primary Maxillary Molar Extraction: A Randomized Control Trial.

Background: Despite the advent of modern injection techniques, palatal injection continues to be a painful experience for children.

Aims: To compare the pain experienced during extraction of maxillary primary molars with conventional lignocaine anesthesia versus lignocaine and articaine buccal infiltration in children aged 6-14 years.

Materials And Methods: A prospective randomized triple blinded study was conducted with ninety children ( = 90), randomly allocated to receive lignocaine conventional anesthesia (Group I [control group]), and buccal infiltration using articaine (Group II [articaine group]) or lignocaine (Group III [lignocaine group]).