Rare case of giant unicystic ameloblastoma: Luminal variant.

Objective And Importance: Ameloblastoma is a locally aggressive benign tumor, commonly occurring in the mandible. While giant ameloblastoma of multicystic or plexiform variant have been reported, the authors report a rare case of giant unicystic ameloblastoma of luminal variant, which was treated by compartmental resection and planned for delayed reconstruction.

Clinical Presentation: A 46 year old male patient reported to the oral surgery out-patient department with a swelling of the left side mandible region of 2 years duration.

An Erupted Silent Tumour.

Odontomas are the most common odontogenic tumors of the oral cavity which are nonaggressive, hamartomatous in nature consisting of enamel, dentin and cementum. They are called as composite because they contain more than one type of tissue. They are generally asymptomatic, hence recognised on routine radiologic examination.

Immunohistochemical analysis of tenascin expression in different grades of oral submucous fibrosis.

Aim: Tenascin, a glycoprotein, is one of the major constituents of extracellular matrix, which may function in organizing the stroma in normal and pathological conditions. The study aimed to correlate the structural organization of tenascin with the pathological progression of disease from early, moderate and advanced changes in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF).

Study Design: A retrospective cross-sectional immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of OSMF cases was performed.

Immunohistochemical characterization of cyclin dependent kinase-4 in different histological grades of oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Cyclin dependent kinase-4 (CDK4) encoded by CDK gene, is a heterodimer protein of cell cycle in G1-S transition. This study aimed to characterize the CDK4 immunoreactivity in different histological grades of oral leukoplakias (OLs) and oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) and also aims to discuss its probable role in the tumor biogenesis.

Materials And Methods: Expression of CDK4 was investigated in total of 52 samples including OL (15), OSCCs (30) and normal oral tissues (07).

Stromal response in different histological grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma: a histochemical study.

Objectives: The aim of the study is to evaluate the connective tissue changes in different grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC's) and the influence of these changes in predicting the biological behavior of these tumors.

Materials And Methods: A total of 39 cases of OSCC's and 6 sections of controls were examined using seven connective tissue special histochemical stains.

Results: Staining intensity of collagen, reticulin, acid mucins, fibrin, glycoproteins, sulfated mucins, elastic fibers around the tumor islands and within the connective tissue was observed.

A comparative analysis of langerhans cell in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma using antibody CD-1a.

Background: The integrity of the immune system is necessary to control tumor progression and a compromised state contributes to tumor escape.

Aims: The study intends to evaluate the presence and distribution pattern of Langerhans cells (LC) in Oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma and elucidate their role. The study analyses LC in histological zones of the epithelium and connective tissue, which has seldom been attempted previously.

Analysis of gonial angle in relation to age, gender, and dentition status by radiological and anthropometric methods.

Background: With development and function, the mandibular angle has shown changes in size and shape. A variation in mandibular angle with age, gender, and even the dental status has been observed, which is supported by radiographic and anthropometric studies.

Aims: The aim of this study were to evaluate relationship between complete loss of teeth and changes in the gonial angle; the study further intends to evaluate any variation in gonial angle with age and gender.

Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws.

Bisphosphonates constitute a group of drugs capable of modulating bone turnover and reduce its remodeling when an excessive resorption occurs. This is why they are indicated in a large group of bone diseases like postmenopausal osteoporosis or osteolysis associated with breast cancer or multiple myeloma. Over the last few years and due to their extensive use, many cases of complications associated with their use have been published.

Expression of extracellular matrix-laminin in oral squamous cell carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study.

Aim: To evaluate the expression of laminin in various grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in order to determine whether this protein can be used as a marker for early detection and elucidation of oral cancer.

Materials And Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for laminin was done on 60 selected archival blocks of histopathologically diagnosed cases of primary OSCC and the laminin expression was compared between the different histopathological grades of primary OSCC. The statistical analysis was performed by using Chi-square (X square) test and Gaussiantest with a probability of p > 0.

Spectrophotometric analysis of the expression of secreted aspartyl proteinases from Candida in leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Candida species are a normal commensal of the oral cavity in healthy individuals, but can become an opportunistic pathogen when the oral ecosystem is unbalanced. Several virulence attributes have been identified in candidal infection, among which are the hydrolases, including the secreted aspartyl proteinases (Saps). This study evaluated and compared the in vitro level of Saps from Candida albicans in nonsmokers, smokers, and patients with leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Rhabdomyosarcoma of mandible: A diagnostic predicament.

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children under 15 years of age and rare among persons older than 45 years of age. It is considered to result from malignant transformation of primitive mesenchymal cells. Although it has a relative predominance for head and neck region, it is found less often in oral cavity.

Reliability of toluidine blue vital staining in detection of potentially malignant oral lesions--time to reconsider.

Being simple and inexpensive toluidine blue has been in use for more than two decades for the detection of potentially malignant oral lesions (PMOL's) and malignant lesions. Although there has been concensus that staining often assists in the identification of these lesions, results have been diverse. In most studies false negative were not recorded as biopsies of lesions that did not retain toluidine blue were not performed.

Immunohistochemical expression of EGP40, a tumor marker, in different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Aim: The aim of this study was to see the distribution and pattern of staining of epithelial glycoprotein 40 EGP-40 (also known as GA733-2, ESA, KSA, 17-1A antigen) in the different grades of OSCC.

Materials And Methods: 30 biopsy reports retrieved from the files of the Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Surgery, Manipal were used. These comprised of 10 microslides each of 3 different histological grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, namely Well Differentiated, Moderately Differentiated and Poorly Differentiated carcinomas.

Evaluation of collagen in connective tissue walls of odontogenic cysts--a histochemical study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nature of collagen in the connective tissue walls of odontogenic cysts, like the odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), dentigerous cyst and radicular cyst using picrosirius red stained sections. Furthermore, it was intended to assess if the capsular connective tissue can affect the nature of overlying epithelium, thus emphasizing the role of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in biological behaviour of the cysts.

Materials And Method: The material for the study included 51 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks (15 odontogenic keratocyst, 15 dentigerous cysts, 15 radicular cysts and four normal mucosa and two dental follicular tissue as controls), retrieved from the Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, MCODS, Manipal.

Histochemical analysis of pathological alterations in oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions.

Lichen planus is a dermatologic disease of unknown etiology characterized by keratotic plaques on the skin. Many patients also harbor white lesions of the oral mucosa. The literature contains numerous reports of lichen planus-like lesions evolving in conjunction with the administration of a variety of pharmacologic agents.

Immunohistochemical evaluation of expression of cytokeratin 19 in different histological grades of leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Recent progress in understanding the biology of keratins together with the development of monoclonal antibodies to individual keratin proteins provide the foundation for studying the keratin expression in normal and pathological oral epithelia. Cytokeratin (CK) alterations have been reported in carcinomas and these have been associated with specific aspects of tumour behaviour. Immunohisto-chemistry with monospecific CK19 antibody was used to study the expression pattern in normal mucosa, dysplasias, and oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC).

Plasmablastic lymphoma of the oral cavity in an HIV-positive child.

A 7-year-old boy with a positive history of vertical HIV transmission presented with a painful swelling over the left upper jaw of 20 days' duration. A provisional diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma was made. Fine-needle aspiration cytology findings were inconclusive, and incisional biopsy tissue on routine stains gave an impression of small round cell tumor with plasmacytoid features.

Mucormycosis causing extensive destruction of maxilla.

Mucormycosis is a rare, often fatal opportunistic infection caused by a saprophytic fungus belonging to a class of Phycomycetes. It is characterized by its unrelenting progression towards vital organs with marked propensity towards arterial wall by direct extension producing vascular thrombosis leading to ischaemic necrosis. In normal circumstances the saprophytes are not pathogenic but represent opportunist-requiring impairments in patient's resistance to disease.

Direct immunofluorescence in oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid reactions.

Objective: To aid in differentiation of the two lesions, direct immunofluorescence was used to examine the fluorescence patterns in oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid reactions and to compare the degree of intensity of their fluorescence.

Method And Materials: Thirty patients participated in this study. Oral mucosal biopsy specimens were obtained from the edge of fresh lesions and were hemisected.