Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Patients Suffering From Sickle Cell Disease in an Endemic Zone.

Background And Objective: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetically inherited disorder that is associated with morbidity and mortality.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients diagnosed with SCD to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of patients/guardians using a pretested questionnaire.

Results And Discussion: Of the 111 participants, 56 (50.

A Comparative Analysis of Low Dose Grafalon Versus Thymoglobuline as Serotherapy in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant in Pediatric and Young Adult Population.

Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) forms an essential component of conditioning in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Due to the shift of donor preference to alternate donors, reliance on rabbit-ATG (rATG) has increased. Two different forms of rATG (Thymoglobuline and Grafalon) are available for clinical use but data to support the use of one over the other is sparse.

Microfluidic extensional flow device to study mass transfer dynamics in the polymer microparticle formation process.

Polymer microparticles are often used to encapsulate drugs for sustained drug-release treatments. One of the ways they are manufactured is by using a solvent extraction process, in which the polymer solution is emulsified into an aqueous bulk phase using a surfactant as a stabilizing agent, followed by the removal of the solvent. The radius of a polymer drop decreases as a function of time until the polymer reaches the gelling point, after which it is separated and dried.

Chemo-photothermal therapy of chitosan/gold nanorod clusters for antibacterial treatment against the infection of planktonic and biofilm MRSA.

Bacterial infections trigger inflammation and impede the closure of skin wounds. The misuse of antibiotics exacerbates skin infections by generating multidrug-resistant bacteria. In this study, we developed chemo-photothermal therapy (chemo-PTT) based on near-infrared (NIR)-irradiated chitosan/gold nanorod (GNR) clusters as anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) agents.

Sirolimus-induced Hypertriglyceridemia Leads to Acute Pancreatitis and Diabetic Ketoacidosis Post Stem Cell Transplant for Sickle Cell Disease.

Sirolimus (mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor) is a potent immunosuppressive agent, used in patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) for Graft vs Host disease prophylaxis. Compared to calcineurin inhibitors, sirolimus has no neurotoxicity or nephrotoxicity, but sirolimus causes dose-dependent thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, delayed wound healing, hyperlipidemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. Here we report a case of acute pancreatitis and diabetic ketoacidosis in a patient with sickle cell disease post haploidentical family donor HSCT which was managed conservatively without plasmapheresis.

Topically applied pH-responsive nanogels for alkyl radical-based therapy against psoriasiform hyperplasia.

Phototherapy is a conventional antipsoriatic approach based on oxygen-relevant generation of oxidative stress to inhibit keratinocyte hyperproliferation. However, this therapy can be restricted due to local hypoxia in psoriatic lesions. The generation of alkyl radicals is oxygen-independent and suppresses hyperproliferation.

Prevalence and Outcomes of Carbapenem-resistant Bloodstream Infection in Children With Cancer.

Introduction: Carbapenem-resistant (CR) infections cause major morbidity and mortality. Data on CR infections in children with cancer are scarce, especially from the developing world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of bacteremia with CR organisms (CRO) compared with bacteremia with Carbapenem-sensitive organisms in children with cancer.

Polydopamine/IR820 nanoparticles as topical phototheranostics for inhibiting psoriasiform lesions through dual photothermal and photodynamic treatments.

Dual photothermal and photodynamic therapy (PTT and PDT) is an attractive approach that generates a synergistic effect for inhibiting keratinocyte hyperproliferation in the treatment of psoriasis. Here, we developed phototheranostic nanocarriers capable of producing hyperthermia and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to near-infrared (NIR) illumination. To this end, IR820 with photothermal and photodynamic features was embedded in nano-sized polydopamine (PDA) acting as a PTT agent.

Comparative evaluation of chelating efficacy of nano-chitosan, pomegranate extract, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid on primary radicular dentin: An study.

Background: Irrigation is a crucial aspect of root canal treatment, and it is imperative to employ chelating agents to eliminate the smear layer during biomechanical preparation. They in turn react with mineral content of dentin, leading to decreased strength and increased susceptibility to fracture.

Aims: This study aimed to assess and compare mineral loss and microhardness from primary root canal dentin following the usage of different irrigating solutions and determine the least detrimental irrigant among the tested solutions.

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma in children: A retrospective analysis of 125 pediatric cases from a single institution in India.

Background: Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is extremely rare in children. We assessed the clinicopathological features, outcomes, recurrence pattern, and associated risk factors of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC).

Methods: Children aged ≤14 years, pathologically diagnosed as DTC at a tertiary cancer institute between January 1998 and December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.

Photothermal treatment by PLGA-gold nanorod-isatin nanocomplexes under near-infrared irradiation for alleviating psoriasiform hyperproliferation.

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disorder that involves keratinocyte hyperproliferation and inflammatory cell recruitment. A strategy to mitigate psoriatic lesions is to induce keratinocyte apoptosis for proliferation suppression. Herein we designed a nanoformulation capable of treating psoriasis via hyperthermia-induced apoptosis in response to near-infrared (NIR) irradiation.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome Among Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivors: Experience From South India.

Background And Objectives: Improved survival of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has diverted attention to the long-term consequences of the treatment; metabolic abnormalities being one of the most important issues.

Methods: Children diagnosed with ALL at age 14 years and younger at Regional Cancer Centre in South India who completed treatment and who were on follow-up for >2 years were enrolled in the study between April 1, 2018 and March 31, 2019. They were prospectively evaluated for the presence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and associated risk factors.

Formulating and Retaining the Structure of Polymerized Surfactant Phases Using a Microemulsion Curvature Framework.

Nanostructured polymers contain features smaller than 100 nm that are useful in a wide range of areas, including photonics, biomedical materials, and environmental applications. Out of the myriad of nanostructured polymers, surfactant-templated polymers are versatile because of their ability to have tunable domain sizes, structure, and composition. This work addresses the gap between the formulation with industrial-grade polymerizable surfactants and the final structure of the polymer, using the hydrophilic-lipophilic difference (HLD) and net-average curvature (NAC) frameworks.

Effect of Different Doses of Inhaled Corticosteroids on the Isolation of Nasopharyngeal Flora in Children with Asthma.

Objective: To find the effects of inhaled corticosteroids and the impact of different doses of inhaled corticosteroids on the isolation of nasopharyngeal flora in asthmatic children aged 1-15 years.

Methods: The study included 75 children with asthma and 25 age-matched controls. Nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained.

Mass transfer dynamics in the dissolution of Taylor bubbles.

The knowledge of thermodynamic and mass transfer parameters in gas-liquid systems is critical for the design of macroscale units for separation and reaction processes. The phenomenon of shrinkage of Taylor bubbles upon dissolution has the capability of supplying these design parameters, provided a reliable mathematical model is available for data deconvolution. Unfortunately, the existing models in the literature suffer from at least one of the following three major limitations.

Intravital Imaging for Tracking of Angiogenesis and Cellular Events Around Surgical Bone Implants.

These new experimental methods allow us to image, and quantify, angiogenesis and perivascular cell dynamics in the endosseous healing compartment. As such, the method is capable of providing a new perspective on, and unique information regarding, healing that occurs around orthopedic and dental implants.

Dispersion of a passive tracer in the pressure-driven flow of a non-colloidal suspension.

This paper numerically quantifies the dispersion of a solute, and in particular, the Taylor dispersion, in the pressure-driven flow of a non-colloidal suspension at moderately high volume fractions (0.2 to 0.5) through conduits of different cross-sectional shapes.