The Concept of Lamina-Pedicle Perpendicularity: Part 2: Thoracic Spine.

Study Design: Retrospective radiographic study.

Purpose: The hypothesis of this study was that the pedicle axis (PA) is almost perpendicular to the interlaminar line (ILL) in the sagittal plane of the thoracic vertebrae. The objective of the current study was to define the thoracic lamina-PA inclination in order to verify the right-angle concept and to estimate the safety zones for sagittal inclination during pedicle screw insertion.

The Concept of Lamina-Pedicle Perpendicularity: Part 1. Lumbar Spine.

Study Design: Retrospective radiographic study.

Purpose: We hypothesized that the pedicle is almost perpendicular to the interlaminar line in the sagittal plane of the lumbar vertebrae. The current study aimed to define the lumbar lamina-pedicle inclination to verify the right-angle concept and to estimate the safety zones of sagittal inclination during pedicle screw insertion.

Endplate Changes with Polyetheretherketone Cages in Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion.

Study Design: A retrospective radiographic analysis.

Purpose: The aim of the current study is to assess endplate changes after the use of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cages in posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF).

Overview Of Literature: A few recent reports had revealed endplate abnormalities due to PEEK cages, which may lead to nonunions.