Fecal microbiota transplantation for relapsing Clostridium difficile infection in 26 patients: methodology and results.

Goals: We aim to present a data detailing our success with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and to provide a simple treatment protocol.

Background: Relapse is a common problem in patients treated for Clostridium difficile infection, often requiring prolonged courses of oral vancomycin with limited alternative treatment options. Administration of the entire fecal flora from a healthy individual to restore beneficial physiological species is referred to as FMT (also termed fecal bacteriotherapy or stool transplant).

Later toilet training is associated with urge incontinence in children.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if later toilet training is associated with urge incontinence in children.

Methods: We used a case-control study design to yield level 2 evidence.

Results: Initiation of toilet training after 32 months of age was associated with urge incontinence (P=0.