Survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II large (≥5 cm) colonic adenocarcinomas: A propensity-score matched analysis.

Background: Current guidelines recommend selective adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II colon cancer with high-risk features. This study aimed to assess survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage II colon adenocarcinomas ≥5 cm without high-risk features.

Methods: The National Cancer Database was retrospectively reviewed (2010-2019) for all patients with pathologic stage II colonic adenocarcinomas ≥5 cm who underwent colectomy.

Characteristics and role of surgery in nonagenarians with colorectal cancer: SEER database analysis.

Background: As the population ages, nonagenarian patients with cancer are more frequently treated. This study aimed to assess the characteristics of colon and rectal cancer in patients aged ≥90 years and to evaluate the role of surgical intervention in this age group.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included nonagenarian patients with colon and rectal cancer identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2000 to 2020.

Meta-analysis and systematic review of long-term quality of life and recurrence following elective surgery versus non-operative management for colonic diverticulitis.

Background: Limited data exist on long-term outcomes of elective surgery versus nonoperative management of complicated diverticulitis. We aimed to assess long-term outcomes of nonoperative management versus elective surgery in patients initially conservatively treated for diverticulitis.

Methods: Systematic review of PubMed and Scopus for studies comparing elective resection and nonoperative management of acute diverticulitis from inception to December 2023 was conducted.

Association between lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastases in colon cancer: A National Cancer Database analysis.

Aim: Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a well-known risk factor in colorectal cancer that is associated with a worse prognosis. The present study aimed to assess the characteristics of patients with LVI-positive colon cancer according to the status of nodal metastases and to study the association between LVI-nodal status and survival.

Method: This retrospective study assessed the association between LVI and lymph node metastases in colon cancer, using data from the National Cancer Database.

Household income is independently associated with overall and cancer-specific survival after proctectomy for rectal cancer: A surveillance, epidemiology, and end results-based analysis.

Background: We assessed association among household income, overall survival (OS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) after proctectomy for rectal cancer.

Methods: Population-based cohort study included stage I-III rectal adenocarcinoma patients who underwent proctectomy (2010-2020), subdivided by household income at diagnosis [low (<$50,000), average ($50,000-74,999), above-average (≥$75,000)] and compared.

Results: Of 39,185 patients (59 ​% male; mean age 60.

Propensity-score matched outcomes of minimally invasive and open pelvic exenteration in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Pelvic exenteration (PE) entails an en bloc resection of locally advanced primary or recurrent rectal cancer. This study aimed to assess the short-term and survival outcomes of minimally invasive (MI)- and open PE. A retrospective cohort analysis of patients with stage III rectal adenocarcinoma treated with PE from the National Cancer Database (2010-2019) was conducted.

Comparing the Management Recommendations of Large Language Model and Colorectal Cancer Multidisciplinary Team: A Pilot Study.

Background: Management of anorectal cancers requires a multidisciplinary team approach. Recently, large language models have been suggested as potential tools for various applications in health care.

Objective: Assess suggested management recommendations provided by a generative artificial intelligence chatbot with those of a colorectal cancer multidisciplinary team to evaluate applicability in clinical settings.

Development and Validation of a Predictive Score for Preoperative Detection of Lymphovascular Invasion in Rectal Cancer.

Background: Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is an important prognosticator in rectal cancer (RC). We aimed to determine predictors for LVI in RC and incorporate them into a predictive risk score (PRS).

Methods: Case-control analysis of predictors of LVI in RC using data from a national database (2010-2019).

Patterns, Predictors, and Outcomes of Bacterial Growth and Infectious Complications after Pancreatic Resection.

Background And Objectives: Infectious complications after pancreatic resections are common, but perioperative factors linked to postoperative bacterial growth are not well-studied.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed bacterial cultures from patients undergoing pancreatic resection (November 2008 to October 2022), assessing predictors for positive cultures and characterizing bacteria. Complications and outcomes of patients with positive cultures were also examined.

Disagreements in Medical Ethics Question Answering Between Large Language Models and Physicians.

Importance: Medical ethics is inherently complex, shaped by a broad spectrum of opinions, experiences, and cultural perspectives. The integration of large language models (LLMs) in healthcare is new and requires an understanding of their consistent adherence to ethical standards.

Objective: To compare the agreement rates in answering questions based on ethically ambiguous situations between three frontier LLMs (GPT-4, Gemini-pro-1.

Evaluation of the robustness of randomized controlled trials for the treatment modalities of esophageal cancer using the fragility index - a systematic review.

Background: Esophageal cancer remains a significant global health challenge. Several treatment modalities were explored in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in recent decades. This study evaluates the robustness of RCTs focusing on esophageal cancer treatment using the fragility index (FI) and reverse fragility index (RFI).

A National Cancer Database Analysis of the Characteristics and Outcome of Colon Cancer According to Type of Preexisting Adenoma.

Background: The vast majority of colon cancers occur in pre-existing adenomas. Little is known about the impact of adenoma type on behavior and outcome of subsequent carcinomas. The present study aimed to assess characteristics, behavior, and outcome of colon adenocarcinoma based on histologic type of pre-existing adenoma.

Technical risk factors for benign anastomotic strictures in colorectal and/or coloanal anastomosis: A retrospective case-control study.

Aim: Anastomotic stricture occurs in up to 30% of colorectal resections; however, evidence on risk factors and preventive measures remains scarce. This study aimed to identify technical factors responsible for increasing the risk for colorectal and coloanal anastomotic strictures.

Method: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with anastomotic stricture who underwent resection and/or redo anastomosis between January 1, 2011 and August 1, 2021 in a tertiary referral centre.

The impact of facility type on surgical outcomes in colon cancer patients: analysis of the national cancer database.

Background: The type of facility where patients with colon cancer are treated may play a significant role in their outcomes. We aimed to investigate the influence of facility types included in the National Cancer Database (NCDB) on surgical outcomes of colon cancer.

Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis of all patients with stage I-III colon cancer included in the NCDB database between 2010 and 2019 was performed.

Heterogeneity in survival within age groups of early-onset colorectal cancer patients: A National Cancer Database analysis.

Background: We aimed to identify predictors of and heterogeneity in survival among different age groups of patients with early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used National Cancer Database data from 2004 to 2019. Differences in survival among CRC patients <50 years, subcategorized into age groups (<20, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49 years) were compared for demographic, clinical, and histologic features by univariate and multivariate analyses.

Pathologic Outcomes and Survival in Patients with Rectal Cancer and Increased Body Mass Index.

Introduction: We assessed the association between increased body mass index (BMI) and rectal cancer outcomes.

Methods: We included patients who underwent surgery for stage I-III rectal adenocarcinoma who were divided according to BMI at diagnosis: ideal BMI (18.5-24.

Umbrella review of systematic reviews on the efficacy and safety of using mesh in the prevention of parastomal hernias.

Background: This umbrella review aimed to summarize the findings and conclusions of published systematic reviews on the prophylactic role of mesh against parastomal hernias in colorectal surgery.

Methods: PRISMA-compliant umbrella overview of systematic reviews on the role of mesh in prevention of parastomal hernias was conducted. PubMed and Scopus were searched through November 2023.

The predicting value of post neoadjuvant treatment magnetic resonance imaging: a meta-analysis.

Introduction: Neoadjuvant therapy has become standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer patients. It is correlated with improved clinical and pathological outcomes, including significant tumor downstaging and organ preservation in certain patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which has become the standard for pre-operative staging, is also used for clinical and pre-operative restaging following pre-operative treatment.

Learning Curve of Robotic-Assisted Low Anterior Resection for Low and Mid Rectal Cancer.

The aim of our study was to assess the learning curve of robotic assisted low anterior resection with diverting loop ileostomy (LARDLI) for low and mid rectal cancer performed by novice in robotic-assisted surgery colorectal surgeon in a public hospital with limited access to the robotic platform. A retrospective analysis of all low and mid rectal cancer robotic-assisted operations was conducted. All procedures were performed by a single surgeon with a once per week access to the Da Vinci Si™ Surgical System, Intuitive Surgical Inc.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of high-quality randomized controlled trials on the role of prehabilitation programs in colorectal surgery.

Background: Prehabilitation is gaining popularity in colorectal surgery but lacks high-quality postoperative outcomes data. This meta-analysis explored whether prehabilitation impacts postoperative outcomes.

Methods: In this meta-analysis, compliant with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses, we searched PubMed and Scopus through November 2022.

Accuracy of Clinical Staging of Localized Colon Cancer: A National Cancer Database Cohort Analysis.

Background: This study aimed to assess concordance between clinical and pathologic assessment of colon cancer.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of patients with stage I-III colon cancer in the National Cancer Database (2010-2019) was conducted. Concordance between clinical and pathologic assessment of colon cancer was calculated using Kappa coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).