High N-selectivity of nitrite reduction by palladium-laden nanocomposite with self-sufficient electron donators.

Selectively reducing nitrite to gaseous nitrogen (N) with an effective and recyclable fashion stands as an attractive alternative for treating the relevant wastewater. Herein, a Pd-based nanocomposite (Pd@EDA-CMPS) was subtly assembled by encapsulating Pd(0) nanoparticles into a porous polystyrene carrier, which was aforehand functionalized with ethylenediamine (EDA) as the endogenous electron donator. Systematical macroscopic experiments confirm that the pre-grafted EDA groups can substantially stimulate the catalytic activity of the laden Pd(0) nanoparticles with high removal efficiency and N selectivity of Pd@EDA-CMPS toward nitrite; specifically, high N selectivity (86%) was achieved by Pd@EDA-CMPS with an excellent anti-interference ability against competing anion and a broad pH-range applicability (4-11), whereas no N production was detected for its counterparts (CMPS, EDA-CMPS, and Pd@CMPS).

Accurately recognizing chromium species with multi-functionalized nano Au-based sensor array.

High-resolution identification of chromium (Cr) species, especially various organic-Cr complexes, in a convenient and economically-feasible manner is the prerequisite for achieving the advanced treatment of chromium wastewater. To this end, a colorimetric nano-Au sensor array was developed by taking advantage of the UV-spectra shift of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) upon interaction with Cr species; specifically, four molecular modifiers [i.e.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 with huge intrathoracic meningoceles misdiagnosed as pleural effusion: A case report and literature review.

Background: Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a genetic disease that affects multiple organs and systems, leading to various clinical manifestations. In Neurofibromatosis type 1, rare intrathoracic meningoceles often occur alongside bone dysplasia. These meningoceles contain cerebrospinal fluid and can be mistakenly diagnosed as 'pleural effusion'.

Well-designed protein amyloid nanofibrils composites as versatile and sustainable materials for aquatic environment remediation: A review.

Amyloid nanofibrils (ANFs) are supramolecular polymers originally classified as pathological markers in various human degenerative diseases. However, in recent years, ANFs have garnered greater interest and are regarded as nature-based sustainable biomaterials in environmental science, material engineering, and nanotechnology. On a laboratory scale, ANFs can be produced from food proteins via protein unfolding, misfolding, and hydrolysis.

Diagnostic Efficacy of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in Patients with Spinal Infections: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Early diagnosis of spinal infections remains challenging, and emerging metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology holds promise in addressing this issue. The aim of this study is to investigate the diagnostic efficacy of mNGS in spinal infections.

Patients And Methods: A total of 78 cases with suspected spinal infections were enrolled in this study, all of whom underwent laboratory, histopathological and mNGS examinations upon admission.

Complexation-based selectivity of organic phosphonates adsorption from high-salinity water by neodymium-doped nanocomposite.

Organic phosphonates have been widely used in various industries and are ubiquitous in wastewaters, and efficient removal of phosphonates is still a challenge for the conventional processes because of the severe interferences from the complex water constitutions. Herein, an Nd-based nanocomposite (HNdO@PsAX) was fabricated by immobilizing hydrated neodymium oxide (HNdO) nanoparticles inside a polystyrene anion exchanger (PsAX) to remove phosphonates from high-salinity aqueous media. Batch experiments demonstrated that HNdO@PsAX had an excellent adsorption capacity (∼90.

Engineering Nano-Au-Based Sensor Arrays for Identification of Multiple Ni(II) Complexes in Water Samples.

Advanced techniques for nickel (Ni(II)) removal from polluted waters have long been desired but challenged by the diversity of Ni(II) species (most in the form of complexes) which could not be readily discriminated by the traditional analytical protocols. Herein, a colorimetric sensor array is developed to address the above issue based on the shift of the UV-vis spectra of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) after interaction with Ni(II) species. The sensor array is composed of three Au NP receptors modified by -acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), tributylhexadecylphosphonium bromide (THPB), and the mixture of 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid and adenosine monophosphate (MPS/AMP), to exhibit possible coordination, electrostatic attraction, and hydrophobic interaction toward different Ni(II) species.

Enhanced phosphate removal from water by hydrated neodymium oxide-based nanocomposite: Performance, mechanism, and validation.

Phosphorus (P) control has been recognized as an imperative task to mitigate water eutrophication and settle the imminent shortage of P resources. Despite intensive effort put into this matter, it is still generally challenging for the current methods to remove and even potentially recover phosphorus (as phosphate) from complicated water matrices. To this end, we proposed a novel nanocomposite via coupling polystyrene anion exchanger (PsAX) with hydrated neodymium oxide (HNdO) nanoparticle for selective removal of phosphate.

Tributylhexadecylphosphonium Modification Strategy to Construct Gold Nanoprobes for the Detection of Aqueous Cr(III)-Organic Complexes.

Most metal probes based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are designed for free metal ions in synthetic waters, and very few are applicable in the detection of metal-organic complexes ubiquitous in real water samples. In this study, we proposed a novel colorimetric nanoprobe strategy for complexed Cr(III) species based on the analyte-induced aggregation of AuNPs, as coated by a cationic surfactant tributylhexadecylphosphonium bromide (THPB) instead of traditional carboxyl modifiers. Such a detection system could be realized both naked eye and/or UV-vis spectroscopy with detection limits of 8.

Suppression of the environmental risks of lead in cropland soil using biomass ash and its modified product.

In this work, modified biomass ash (MA), obtained through the hydrothermal treatment technique with biomass ash (BA) and alkaline phosphate as raw materials, was used as a useful soil amendment to reduce the environmental risk of lead and was compared with raw ash. In order to confirm the composition changes from BA to MA, the materials before and after modification were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Subsequently, the suppression of the environmental risks of lead in the contaminated cropland soil by MA and BA was systematically investigated through pH evaluation, toxicity-extraction, and fractional analysis.

Effects of fertilizer application schemes and soil environmental factors on nitrous oxide emission fluxes in a rice-wheat cropping system, east China.

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) with agricultural soils representing its largest anthropogenic source. However, the mechanisms involved in the N2O emission and factors affecting N2O emission fluxes in response to various nitrogenous fertilizer applications remain uncertain. We conducted a four-year (2012-2015) field experiment to assess how fertilization scheme impacts N2O emissions from a rice-wheat cropping system in eastern China.

Reaction of alpha-(N-carbamoyl)alkylcuprates with enantioenriched propargyl electrophiles: synthesis of enantioenriched 3-pyrrolines.

Enantioenriched propargyl mesylates or perfluorobenzoates react with alpha-(N-carbamoyl)alkylcuprates to afford scalemic alpha-(N-carbamoyl) allenes which undergo N-Boc deprotection and AgNO3-promoted cyclization to afford N-alkyl-3-pyrrolines. The synthetic sequence proceeds under optimal conditions with no loss of enantiopurity relative to the starting propargyl alcohols prepared by asymmetric addition of terminal alkynes to aldehydes.

Asymmetric synthesis of enantioenriched (+)-elaeokanine A.

The key transformation in the total synthesis of (+)-elaeokanine A was accomplished by asymmetric deprotonation of N-Boc pyrrolidine, followed by the reaction of the in situ generated enantioenriched stereogenic cuprate reagent with (E)-4-bromo-1-iodo-1-trimethylsilyl-1-butene with retention of configuration. N-Boc deprotection, followed by a one-pot olefin isomerization and intramolecular amine alkylation afforded a bicyclic vinyl bromide that was converted into (+)-elaeokanine A by sequential halogen metal exchange and reaction of the organolithium reagent with N-butanoylmorpholine.

Reaction of alpha-(N-carbamoyl)alkylcuprates with propargyl substrates: synthetic route to alpha-amino allenes and delta3-pyrrolines.

[reaction: see text] Carbamate deprotonation followed by treatment with CuCN.2LiCl affords alpha-(N-carbamoyl)alkylcuprates which react with propargyl halides, mesylates, tosylates, phosphates, acetates, and epoxides to give alpha-(N-carbamoyl) allenes via an anti-S(N)2' substitution process. Propargyl halides, sulfonates, and phosphates give good yields of carbamoyl allenes, while the acetates afford low yields.

Halogen- and N-haloimide-promoted homo- and heterocoupling of alpha-(N-carbamoyl)alkylcuprates and alpha-(alkoxy)alkylcuprates.

Both homo- and mixed lithium di-alpha-(heteroatom)alkylcuprates readily dimerize upon addition of halogens (e.g., I(2), Br(2)) or N-halosuccinimides to afford the coupled products in excellent yields.

Regio- and enantioselective control in the reactions of alpha-(N-carbamoyl)alkylcuprates with allylic phosphates.

Alpha-(N-carbamoyl)alkylcuprates (RCuCNLi or R2CuLi) react with allylic phosphates to afford homoallylic amines in good chemical yields. Regioselectivity is governed by steric factors in both the cuprate reagent and phosphate substrate and systems can be designed to give either the S(N)2' or S(N)2 substitution product cleanly. Excellent enantioselectivities can be achieved with either a scalemic alpha-di[(N-carbamoyl)alkyl]cuprate and an achiral phosphate or with a scalemic allylic phosphate and an achiral cuprate reagent.