The graded deconstruction activation catalytic deoxygenation (GDACD) technology positively influenced biomass pyrolysis product quality, but the energy consumption and environmental impact for industrial applications were still uncertain. To realize the requirement of biomass conversion for high energy efficiency and low environmental impact, this study developed a poly-generation system of GDACD, syngas combustion, and waste energy power generation to produce high-quality oil with a high content of single-ring aromatic and industrial steam. The poly-generation system was investigated and evaluated according to the energy and exergy balance and environmental pollutant emissions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnaerobic digestion has been proved to be a widely used and effective technology. The main challenge for the sustainable biogas industry is to find ways to efficiently recycle and utilize the anaerobic digestate. The conversion of digestion products into activated carbon seems to be an attractive way.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the current context of technological and industrial development, strategies for sustainable development and resource utilization have become increasingly important. FW anaerobic fermentation (Fermentation of Wastes) is a process that utilizes organic waste for biotransformation and is widely used for the production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are a kind of high value-added product generated from anaerobic fermentation process, and has extensive applications in chemical synthesis and electricity generation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobial reduction has been considered an effective way to remove perchlorate (ClO), during which, additional electron donors and carbon sources are required. This work aims to study the potential of fermentation broth of food waste (FBFW) serving as an electron donor for ClO biodegradation, and further investigates the variance of the microbial community. The results showed that FBFW without anaerobic inoculum at 96 h (F-96) exhibited the highest ClO removal rate of 127.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, hydrothermal treatment and in situ pyrolysis were combined to develop a novel collaborative process (HCP treatment method). In a self-designed reactor, the HCP method was used to study the influences of hydrothermal temperature and pyrolysis temperature on the product distribution of OS. The products from the HCP treatment of OS were compared with that from the traditional pyrolysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Environ Res Public Health
November 2022
To provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution, a field investigation, sample collection and analysis of the heavy metal content in farmland soils at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains were conducted. Based on the comparative analysis of the single pollution index method, the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method, the geological accumulation index method, the potential ecological hazard index method, and the geological accumulation index method were used to comprehensively analyze and evaluate the risk of soil heavy metal pollution. The results showed that the heavy metal pollution of farmland soil at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains was severe, among which Hg and Cr pollution was relatively obvious.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioresour Technol
January 2022
The distribution of biomass pyrolysis products under high pressure have rarely been reported. In this study, the effect of pressure on the product distribution of pine sawdust (PS) pyrolysis was studied. The synergistic effect of the side wall rubber (SWR) and PS was confirmed under pressurized conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, the method combining hydrothermal treatment (HT) and in-situ mechanical compression (MC) is used to treat oily sludge. The possible transfer and reaction pathways of different oil components during the process of HT&MC were investigated. In addition, the leaching toxicity, distribution, and risk of heavy metals in oily sludge treated in different temperatures and residence times were evaluated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe contamination of producer gas with tar due to inefficient removal methods remains a major challenge in the bioenergy industry and a critical barrier, hindering commercial applications of biomass gasification technology. Single syngas treatment through primary and secondary tar removal method is insufficient to produce a tar free syngas. Currently widely applied tar removal methods are catalytic reforming and plasma reforming.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDue to the high moisture content of the oily sludge, the conventional use of oily sludge treatment presents poor feasibility in industrial applications. Hence, finding an efficient and energy-saving technology is still an urgent need for the dewatering of oily sludge. In this paper, an innovative method combining hydrothermal treatment (HT) and in-situ mechanical compression (MC) for dewatering of floated oily sludge (FOS) was proposed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConcerns in the last few decades regarding the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of the dependence on fossil fuels have resulted in calls for more renewable and alternative energy sources. This has led to recent interest in copyrolysis of biomass and coal. Numerous reviews have been found related to individual pyrolysis of coal and biomass.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Intell Neurosci
July 2015
In order to rationally evaluate the high speed railway operation safety level, the environmental safety evaluation index system of high speed railway should be well established by means of analyzing the impact mechanism of severe weather such as raining, thundering, lightning, earthquake, winding, and snowing. In addition to that, the attribute recognition will be identified to determine the similarity between samples and their corresponding attribute classes on the multidimensional space, which is on the basis of the Mahalanobis distance measurement function in terms of Mahalanobis distance with the characteristics of noncorrelation and nondimensionless influence. On top of the assumption, the high speed railway of China environment safety situation will be well elaborated by the suggested methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWaste Manag Res
November 2012
Recycling printed circuit board waste (PCBW) waste is a hot issue of environmental protection and resource recycling. Mechanical and thermo-chemical methods are two traditional recycling processes for PCBW. In the present research, a two-step crushing process combined with a coarse-crushing step and a fine-pulverizing step was adopted, and then the crushed products were classified into seven different fractions with a standard sieve.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn order to increase furfural yield and lignin removal, both FeCl(3) and acetic acid were used to co-catalyze the hydrolysis of corncob. A series of experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of acetic acid, FeCl(3) concentrations and temperatures on furfural production and residue characteristics. The results showed that high FeCl(3) concentrations caused serious cellulose degradation while acetic acid was more effective for lignin removal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper investigates the kinetics of the pyrolysis of scrap tyre using thermogravimetry and a small batch laboratory-scale externally heated fixed-bed. Five particle sizes (20-40, 40-60, 60-80, 80-100, 100-200 mesh) and five heating rates (5, 10, 15, 20, 40 K min(-1)) were investigated. The results show that there is no obvious distinction on weight loss for different sizes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPyrolysis of large printed circuit board (PCB) waste particle was conducted on a specially designed laboratory-scale thermobalance (Macro-TG) with sample loading of 30 g under dynamic nitrogen atmosphere. The effects of heating rate (10, 15, 20 and 25 degrees C min(-1)) and particle size (1 mm x 1 mm, 5 mm x 5 mm, 10 mm x 10 mm and 10 mm x 20 mm) were examined. To compare the different decomposition behavior of fine and large one, the thermal decomposition of PCB waste powder (approximately 5mg) was also performed on a thermogravimetric analyzer (common TG) under various heating rates (10, 15, 20 and 40 degrees C min(-1)) and particle size ranges (0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioresour Technol
September 2009
In this work, an experimental study of biomass gasification in different operation conditions has been carried out in an updraft gasifier combined with a porous ceramic reformer. The effects of gasifier temperature, steam to biomass ratio (S/B), and reforming temperature on the gas characteristic parameters were investigated with and without porous ceramic filled in reformer. The results indicated that considerable synergistics effects were observed as the porous ceramic was filled in reformer leading to an increase in the hydrogen production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF