Hemodynamic differences between women and men with elevated blood pressure in China: A non-invasive assessment of 45,082 adults using impedance cardiography.

Background: Whether there are sex differences in hemodynamic profiles among people with elevated blood pressure is not well understood and could guide personalization of treatment.

Methods And Results: We described the clinical and hemodynamic characteristics of adults with elevated blood pressure in China using impedance cardiography. We included 45,082 individuals with elevated blood pressure (defined as systolic blood pressure of ≥130 mmHg or a diastolic blood pressure of ≥80 mmHg), of which 35.

Relationship of Age With the Hemodynamic Parameters in Individuals With Elevated Blood Pressure.

Background: Age is known to be associated with the prevalence and pathophysiology of hypertension. However, there is little information on whether age stands as a good proxy for the specific hemodynamic profile of an individual with elevated blood pressure (BP), which could be important in the selection of therapy.

Design: This is a cross-sectional study.

2019 Chinese Hypertension League guidelines on home blood pressure monitoring.

In China, automated blood pressure monitors have been readily available for home use. Home blood pressure monitoring has been indispensable in the management of hypertension. There is therefore a need to establish guidelines for home blood pressure monitoring on the basis of the 2012 consensus document.

Endogenous hydrogen sulfide and ERK1/2-STAT3 signaling pathway may participate in the association between homocysteine and hypertension.

Background: Homocysteine (Hcy) is a risk factor for hypertension, although the mechanisms are poorly understood.

Methods: We first explored the relationship between Hcy levels and blood pressure (BP) by analyzing the clinical data of primary hypertensive patients admitted to our hospital. Secondly, we explored a rat model to study the effect of Hcy on blood pressure and the role of HS.

Hemodynamic Phenotypes of Hypertension Based on Cardiac Output and Systemic Vascular Resistance.

Background: Blood pressure is a physiologic measure that reflects cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance. Classification by these components could be useful in characterizing subtypes of hypertension, which may have a role in selecting treatment strategies. However, hemodynamic phenotypes of a large, stable, outpatient population with hypertension remain unknown.

Genetic basis of index patients with familial hypercholesterolemia in Chinese population: mutation spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlation.

Background: Although there have been many reports in the genetics of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) worldwide, studies in regard of Chinese population are lacking. In this multi-center study, we aim to characterize the genetic spectrum of FH in Chinese population, and examine the genotype-phenotype correlations in detail.

Methods: A total of 285 unrelated index cases from China with clinical FH were consecutively recruited.

SLCO1B1 Variants and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (Enalapril)-Induced Cough: a Pharmacogenetic Study.

Clinical observations suggest that incidence of cough in Chinese taking angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors is much higher than other racial groups. Cough is the most common adverse reaction of enalapril. We investigate whether SLCO1B1 genetic polymorphisms, previously reported to be important determinants of inter-individual variability in enalapril pharmacokinetics, are associated with the enalapril-induced cough.

Hyperhomocysteinemia accelerates collagen accumulation in the adventitia of balloon-injured rat carotid arteries via angiotensin II type 1 receptor.

Recent studies suggest that hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) increases collagen type I accumulation in rat vascular adventitia after balloon injury and that Angiotensin II (Ang II) induces collagen synthesis in vascular adventitial fibroblasts. Reports also indicate that Ang II type1 receptor (AT1R) activation, mediated by homocysteine (Hcy) may contribute to collagen type 1 expression in mouse aortic endothelial cells. However, little is known about the possible mechanisms behind the relationship between Hcy and AT1R in adventitial remodeling.

Rs495828 polymorphism of the ABO gene is a predictor of enalapril-induced cough in Chinese patients with essential hypertension.

Objective: ABO genetic polymorphisms have recently been associated with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and inflammation, which play a critical role in the pathogenic mechanism of ACE inhibitor-induced cough. Therefore, the current study determined the association of ABO genetic polymorphisms with enalapril-induced cough in Chinese patients with essential hypertension.

Methods: A total of 450 essential hypertensive patients treated with 10 mg of enalapril maleate were genotyped for ABO genetic polymorphisms using the PCR-direct sequencing method.

[Effects of different antihypertensive strategies on reversing urinary albumin excretion].

Objective: To explore the effects of different antihypertensive strategies on blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion in patients with hypertension and microalbuminuria.

Methods: For this multi-center, randomized, positively controlled clinical trial, a total of 531 patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension and microalbuminuria were enrolled. They were divided randomly into calcium channel blocker (CCB), angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARB) and CCB+ARB groups.

[Blood pressure control and glucose metabolism status in hypertension specialty clinics in China].

Objective: To investigate blood pressure control the glucose metabolism, cardiovascular risk factors of patients who were regularly followed up at professional hypertension clinics in China.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 32 004 patients from 127 professional hypertension clinics across China. The questionnaires included case history and related treatment physical examination and laboratory biochemical tests were also taken at the same time.

Effect of NR3C2 genetic polymorphisms on the blood pressure response to enalapril treatment.

Aim: The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR; also known as NR3C2) plays important roles in the modulation of blood pressure. The effect of NR3C2 polymorphisms on antihypertensive response to enalapril was investigated.

Patients & Methods: Two hundred and seventy nine essential hypertension patients treated with enalapril were genotyped for two NR3C2 tagSNPs, rs5522 and rs2070950, by Sequenom MassArray™ technology.

[Status of glucose metabolism in Chinese essential hypertensive patients].

Objective: To investigate glucose metabolism status and its relationship with blood pressure, obesity, renal function and cardio-cerebral vascular events in Chinese essential hypertensive patients.

Methods: Essential hypertensive patients without diabetic history were enrolled in this cross-sectional survey. All patients filled in questionnaires and received physical examination and laboratory tests.

Cell cycle regulator geminin is dispensable for the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells.

The proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases. Geminin regulates DNA replication and cell cycle progression and plays a key role in the proliferation of cancer cells. We therefore hypothesized that geminin regulates the proliferation of VSMCs.

Catestatin could ameliorate proliferating changes of target organs in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Background: Catestatin, a chromogranin A-derived peptide, is a potent antagonist of nicotine-evoked catecholamine release. We know that catecholamine plays an important role in cardiovascular remodeling induced by hypertension, therefore we hypothesized that catestatin would affect target-organ structure during hypertension.

Methods: Twelve spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were randomized to SHR control group and catestatin group, the normal control group was comprised of six healthy Wistar-Kyoto rats of the same age.

Effect of aliskiren on arterial stiffness, compared with ramipril in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension.

Background: Aliskiren is a novel blood pressure-lowering agent acting as an oral direct renin inhibitor. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of aliskiren on arterial stiffness, compared with that of ramipril in mild to moderate essential hypertensive patients.

Methods: Following a two week placebo run-in period, patients with a mean sitting diastolic blood pressure (ms-DBP) ≥ 95 and < 110 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.

Long-term efficacy of olmesartan medoxomil in Chinese hypertensive patients as assessed by clinic, ambulatory and home blood pressure measurements.

Background And Objectives: There is limited information on the long-term efficacy and safety of olmesartan medoxomil in the management of hypertension in Chinese patients. We therefore conducted the present multicentre, single-arm, prospective, observational study to investigate the 24-week efficacy and safety of olmesartan medoxomil in patients with mild to moderate hypertension.

Methods: Eligible patients (diastolic blood pressure [BP] 90-109 mmHg and systolic BP <180 mmHg off antihypertensive medication) were started on olmesartan medoxomil 20 mg once daily, with the possible up-titration to 40 mg once daily during 24 weeks of follow-up, to control clinic BP to the target level (<140/90 and <130/80 mmHg in diabetes mellitus).

Using different methods to evaluate the efficacy of olmesartan medoxomil in Chinese patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension according to ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of olmesartan medoxomil in Chinese patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension using different methods according to ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.

Methods: Chinese patients 18-75 years of age with clinic diastolic blood pressure (BP) 90-109 mmHg and systolic BP less than 180 mmHg were treated with olmesartan medoxomil 20-40 mg once daily for 24 weeks to reach the goal BP (< 140/90 and < 130/80 mmHg in diabetes) in a multicenter study. The trough-to-peak ratio (T/P ratio) and the smoothness index (SI) for systolic/diastolic BP were calculated using different methods according to ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.

Erythrocytic or serum hydrogen sulfide association with hypertension development in untreated essential hypertension.

Background: Endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) plays an important role in hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of erythrocyte and serum H(2)S in patients with untreated essential hypertension.

Methods: We recruited 62 patients (age 22 - 74 years) with untreated prehypertension or hypertension, and 64 normotensive subjects (age 18 - 64 years).

Efficacy and safety of aliskiren, a direct renin inhibitor, compared with ramipril in Asian patients with mild to moderate hypertension.

This 8-week, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study compared the efficacy and safety of aliskiren with ramipril in Asian patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Following a 2- to 3-week placebo run-in period, patients with mean sitting diastolic blood pressure (msDBP) ≥95 and <110 mm Hg were randomized to receive once daily dose of either aliskiren 75, 150, 300 mg or ramipril 5 mg for 8 weeks. Efficacy variables were the changes in msDBP and mean sitting systolic BP (msSBP) and BP control rates (<140/90 mm Hg).

Efficacy and tolerability of a single-pill combination of amlodipine/valsartan in Asian hypertensive patients not adequately controlled with valsartan monotherapy.

This randomized, double-blind study evaluated efficacy of a single-pill combination of amlodipine/valsartan (Aml/Val) in Asian patients with hypertension not responding to Val 80 mg. Patients with mean sitting diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥90-≤110 mmHg were randomized to Aml/Val 5/80, Val 80, or Val 160 mg for 8 weeks. At week-8 endpoint, significantly greater reductions in BP were seen with Aml/Val 5/80 mg than valsartan monotherapies (p < 0.