Comparison of Different High-Speed Countercurrent Chromatography Injection Modes for the Separation of Glabridin.

In this work, different injection modes (single injection, overlapping injection, and continuous injection) of countercurrent chromatography were used and compared for the isolation and purification of glabridin from the crude extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra. The two-phase solvent system consisting of n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (5:4:5:4, v/v) was employed as stationary and mobile phases. Compared with single injection mode, both overlapping injection and continuous injection modes exhibited higher separation efficiency at the same sample loading capacity.

Separation of astragaloside IV from Astragalus membranaceus based on high-speed countercurrent chromatography in continuous injection mode.

Introduction: Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is an index for the quality evaluation of the traditional Chinese medicine Astragalus and an important material basis for Astragalus to exert its medicinal effects, and it is difficult to obtain a single AS-IV by ordinary separation methods.

Objective: To find a new isolation method that can prepare AS-IV quickly and efficiently.

Methodology: AS-IV was isolated from Astragalus membranaceus extract by high-speed countercurrent chromatography using a two-phase solvent system consisting of ethyl acetate/n-butanol/water (4.

Mendelian randomization supports causal effects of inflammatory biomarkers on myopic refractive errors.

Aims: To determine whether inflammatory biomarkers are causal risk factors for more myopic refractive errors.

Methods: Northern Sweden Population Health Study (NSPHS), providing inflammatory biomarkers data; UK Biobank, providing refractive errors data. 95,619 European men and women aged 40 to 69 years with available information of refractive errors and inflammatory biomakers.

Zonular instability-associated morphologic features in eyes with primary angle closure disease using the swept-source anterior segment - optical coherence tomography system.

Background: This study aims to investigate the morphologic features of the crystalline lens in Primary Angle Closure Disease (PACD) patients with zonular instability during cataract surgery using the swept-source CASIA 2 Anterior Segment-Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT) system.

Methods: A total of 398 eyes (125 PACD eyes with zonular instability, 133 PACD eyes with zonular stability, and 140 cataract patient controls) of 398 patients who underwent cataract surgery combined or not glaucoma surgery between January 2021 and January 2023 were enrolled. The crystalline lens parameters were measured by CASIA2 AS-OCT.

Clinical significance of episcleral venous fluid wave in gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical significance of checking episcleral venous fluid wave (EVFW) during gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) in patients with open angle glaucoma (OAG).

Methods: This retrospective case series study comprised 30 patients (45 eyes) with OAG underwent GATT. The location and extent of EVFW were examined and graded after intraoperative compression flushing of the anterior chamber angle during the operation.

Predicting the prognosis of primary orbital lymphoma by clinical characteristics and imaging features.

Aim: To analyze the 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) of primary orbital lymphoma (POL) by clinical characteristics and imaging features.

Methods: A total of 72 patients, 43 males and 29 females, with histologically confirmed POL, were retrospectively recruited between January 2012 and May 2017. The information on clinical characteristics, imaging features, and 5-year DFS was obtained.

Serum antiretinal antibodies and cytokine profiling in autoimmune retinopathy and their association with clinical outcomes.

Purpose: Autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) is a group of autoimmune retinal diseases that can cause blindness. The purpose of this study is to investigate the profiles of serum antiretinal antibodies (ARAs) and cytokines and their association with disease diagnosis as well as clinical features in AIR.

Methods: The patients with presumed para (p) and non-paraneoplastic (np) AIR diagnosis, the patients with retinitis pigmentosa and bilateral uveitis as disease controls, and healthy subjects were prospectively enrolled.

Visual impairment as a risk factor of cognitive function impairment A six-year cohort study.

Purpose: To explore whether baseline visual impairment (VI) increases the risk of cognitive function impairment (CFI).

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study, with a six-year follow-up period. The exposure factor of interest in this study was VI.

Comparison of Clinical and Immunological Features of Para- and Non-Paraneoplastic Autoimmune Retinopathy in Chinese - A Series of 48 Cases.

Purpose: To characterize and compare clinical and immunological features of para(p)-autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) and non-para(np)-AIR and to assess the clinical significance of the presence of serum anti-retinal antibodies (ARAs).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 48 Chinese patients with p-AIR or np-AIR who took comprehensive ophthalmic examinations and lab tests of the presence of serum ARAs.

Results: p-AIR patients differed from np-AIR patients in terms of disease progression, ocular inflammation, findings of OCT, FFA, and presence of ARAs.

Incidence and its risk factors of high myopia in Chinese rural adults: A population-based six-year cohort study.

Background: To investigate the incidence rate of high myopia and its risk factors in adults.

Methods: This was a population-based cohort study, 4582 adults aged ≥ 30 years from rural area of China were included. The follow-up duration was six years.

Anterior segment measurements and determinants of angle width with short, medium, and long axial lengths in a rural Chinese population.

Purpose: To report the anterior segment measurements and investigate the determinants of angle width with short, medium, and long axial length (AL) in a rural Chinese population.

Design: Observational, population-based, cross-sectional study.

Methods: Subjects aged ≥35 years who underwent complete ocular examinations during the follow-up of the Handan Eye Study were included.

Anterior Segment Characteristics and Risk Factors for Primary Angle Closure Disease With Long Axial Lengths: The Handan Eye Study.

Purpose: To investigate the anterior segment characteristics of primary angle closure disease (PACD) with long axial length (AL) compared with that of those with short and medium AL and explore the risk factors associated with AC with different AL levels.

Methods: This observational cross-sectional study enrolled subjects aged 35 years or older who completed the follow-up examinations of the Handan Eye Study and dichotomized them into normal and PACD groups. Ocular data of the right eye were analyzed.

Topographic Differences in Superficial Macular Vessel Density in Eyes with Early Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma and Normal Tension Glaucoma.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to compare macular vascular microcirculation in early primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), normal tension glaucoma (NTG), and normal subjects.

Methods: 99 patients with early glaucoma (99 eyes: 60 POAG and 39 NTG) and 78 normal subjects were included. All subjects underwent optical coherence tomography angiography scan at 6 × 6 mm macular area.

Ocular Perfusion Pressure in 7- and 12-Year-Old Chinese Children: The Anyang Childhood Eye Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report the distribution of mean ocular perfusion pressure (MOPP) and its associated factors in Chinese children.

Methods: We enrolled 3048 grade 1 students and 2258 grade 7 students of the Anyang Childhood Eye Study in central China. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) were recorded with a digital automatic sphygmomanometer.

Effect of 0.01% atropine eyedrops on intraocular pressure in schoolchildren: a randomized clinical trial.

Aim: To assess the effect of 0.01% atropine eye drops on intraocular pressure (IOP) in myopic children.

Methods: A placebo-controlled, double-masked, randomized study.

Five-year incidence of primary glaucoma and related risk factors - The Handan eye study.

Purpose: To determine the 5-year incidence of primary glaucoma and its associated risk factors in rural northern China.

Methods: Population-based cohort study. A total of 5184 participants aged 30 years and older, without glaucoma at baseline, were subjected to comprehensive standardized interviews and ophthalmic and systemic examinations at baseline and after a 5-year interval in the Handan Eye Study.

Refractive Lens Exchange Surgery in Early-Onset High Myopia Patients With Partial Cataract.

Purpose: By reporting clinical characteristics and retinal image quality before and after refractive lens replacement surgery in early-onset high myopia (eoHM) patients presenting with partial cataract, we emphasized the need for an objective way to grade the severity of partial cataracts.

Methods: This retrospective, consecutive case series included six Chinese patients (nine eyes). Analysis of previous medical records, visual acuity, optometry, retinal image quality, and axial length (AXL) before surgery and after surgery was performed.

Comprehensive separation of a wide variety of compounds from olive leaves by counter-current chromatography with three-phase solvent system.

The three-phase solvent system counter-current chromatography has been of great research interest, because it can separate compounds with a wide range of polarity. The solvent system of n-hexane/methyl tert-butyl ether/acetonitrile/water (5:5:7:5, v/v) was used for counter-current chromatographic comprehensive separation of olive leaves. The study adopted the normal elution mode.

Prevalence of cataract and cataract surgery in urban and rural Chinese populations over 50 years old: a systematic review and Meta-analysis.

Aim: To summarize the data of epidemiological studies on cataract prevalence over 50 years old in urban and rural areas of China from 2000 to 2020, and to analyze the prevalence of cataract and operation rate in China.

Methods: By searching PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Wanfang Data and CNKI, Chinese and English literatures on the prevalence of cataract in China were retrieved, and the relevant characteristic data were extracted. Then, Stata v15SE software was used for Meta-analysis and heterogeneity test.

Association of peripheral anterior synechia, intraocular pressure, and glaucomatous optic neuropathy in primary angle-closure diseases.

Aim: To investigate the association of peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) with intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) in primary angle closure (PAC) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG).

Methods: Totally 355 eyes (238 PAC and 117 PACG) of 181 patients were included in this retrospective analysis of baseline data from a randomized clinical trial. All patients had undergone a comprehensive ophthalmic examination.

Intraocular Pressure, Age, and Central Corneal Thickness in a Healthy Chinese Children Population: The Handan Offspring Myopia Study.

Purpose: To assess the distribution and factors related to intraocular pressure (IOP) in a Chinese children population in Northern China.

Methods: 1,238 offspring aged 6 to 18 years, residing in six villages, were recruited for this current study, the Handan Offspring Myopia Study. Participants underwent an interviewer-administered questionnaire and a complete ocular examination, including standardized measurement of IOP with Perkins applanation tonometry.

Progression rate to primary angle closure following laser peripheral iridotomy in primary angle-closure suspects: a randomised study.

Aim: To report the progression rate (PR) to primary angle closure (PAC) following laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) in PAC suspects (PACS).

Methods: Prospective, randomized controlled interventional clinical trial conducted at the Handan Eye Hospital, China. Totally 134 bilateral PACS, defined as non-visibility of the posterior trabecular meshwork for ≥180 degrees on gonioscopy were randomly assigned to undergo LPI in one eye.

The association of myopia progression with the morphological changes of optic disc and β-peripapillary atrophy in primary school students.

Purpose: To study the association of myopia progression with the morphological changes of optic disc and β-peripapillary atrophy (β-PPA) in 8-11 years old primary school students.

Methods: This study was a prospective, school-based investigation. This study included 610 children (1008 eyes) who were continuously observed and had data available from 2016 to 2017 in the Sanhe Cohort Study of the Risk Factors for Myopia (SCSRFM).