Impact of time-history terms on reservoir dynamics and prediction accuracy in echo state networks.

The echo state network (ESN) is an excellent machine learning model for processing time-series data. This model, utilising the response of a recurrent neural network, called a reservoir, to input signals, achieves high training efficiency. Introducing time-history terms into the neuron model of the reservoir is known to improve the time-series prediction performance of ESN, yet the reasons for this improvement have not been quantitatively explained in terms of reservoir dynamics characteristics.

Photoplethysmogram Recording Length: Defining Minimal Length Requirement from Dynamical Characteristics.

Photoplethysmography is a widely used technique to noninvasively assess heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation. This technique has considerable potential for further applications-for example, in the field of physiological and mental health monitoring. However, advanced applications of photoplethysmography have been hampered by the lack of accurate and reliable methods to analyze the characteristics of the complex nonlinear dynamics of photoplethysmograms.

Dynamical Characteristics of Wild-Type Mouse Spontaneous Pupillary Fluctuations.

Spontaneous pupil size fluctuations in humans and mouse models are noninvasively measured data that can be used for early detection of neurodevelopmental spectrum disorders. While highly valuable in such applied studies, pupillometry dynamics and dynamical characteristics have not been fully investigated, although their understanding may potentially lead to the discovery of new information, which cannot be readily uncovered by conventional methods. Properties of pupillometry dynamics, such as determinism, were previously investigated for healthy human subjects; however, the dynamical characteristics of pupillometry data in mouse models, and whether they are similar to those of human subjects, remain largely unknown.

Human photoplethysmogram through the Morse graph: Searching for the saddle point in experimental data.

Photoplethysmogram (PPG) is one of the noninvasive biological signals widely used for the estimation of physiological parameters, such as heart rates in human health monitoring. Methods of its processing, its applications, and dynamics have been extensively investigated over the last several decades. However, there is still lack of the knowledge related to the fundamental structure of the PPG dynamics such as saddle equilibrium points, which have crucial importance to achieve the full understanding of the PPG dynamics and might provide useful information for establishing a mathematical model of the PPG.

Reconstructed Dynamics of the Imaging Photoplethysmogram.

Human photoplethysmogram (PPG) is one of the signals widely applied for health monitoring. Development of the new techniques made possible evolution of traditional contact PPG which was measured at red and near-infrared light (NIR) to the contactless, imaging PPG (iPPG) that can be recorded at various light wavelengths, including ambient visible light. However, despite the numerous advantages of iPPG its applications demonstrated so far are quite limited.

Chaos emerging in soil failure patterns observed during tillage: Normalized deterministic nonlinear prediction (NDNP) and its application.

Real-world processes are often combinations of deterministic and stochastic processes. Soil failure observed during farm tillage is one example of this phenomenon. In this paper, we investigated the nonlinear features of soil failure patterns in a farm tillage process.

Local noise sensitivity: Insight into the noise effect on chaotic dynamics.

Noise contamination in experimental data with underlying chaotic dynamics is one of the significant problems limiting the application of many nonlinear time series analysis methods. Although numerous studies have been devoted to the investigation of different aspects of noise-nonlinear dynamics interactions, the effects produced by noise on chaotic dynamics are not fully understood. This study sought to analyze the local effects produced by noise on chaotic dynamics with a smooth attractor.

Outcome of anatomic ganglionated plexi ablation to treat paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a 3-year follow-up study.

Aims: A new strategy for anatomically based ganglionated plexi (GP) ablation for the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) has been proposed recently. We aimed to assess the long-term outcome of patients undergoing anatomic GP ablation for paroxysmal AF, in comparison with circumferential pulmonary vein (PV) isolation.

Methods And Results: The study population consisted of 70 patients (mean age 56.