High-Dose Midazolam for Pediatric Refractory Status Epilepticus: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Objectives: We sought to describe the prevalence of midazolam treatment failure in children with refractory status epilepticus (RSE) and define a threshold dose associated with diminishing frequency of seizure cessation.

Design: Single center retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Single-center, quaternary-care PICU.

Postoperative but not preoperative depression is associated with cognitive impairment after cardiac surgery: exploratory analysis of data from a randomized trial.

Background: In this study we hypothesize that depression is associated with perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction and altered quality of life one month after surgery.

Methods: Data were obtained as part of a study evaluating cerebral autoregulation monitoring for targeting arterial pressure during cardiopulmonary bypass. Neuropsychological testing was performed before surgery and one month postoperatively.

The association between pulmonary vascular disease and respiratory improvement in infants with type I severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Objective: To describe the association between echocardiographic measures of pulmonary vascular disease and time to respiratory improvement among infants with Type I severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (sBPD).

Study Design: We measured the pulmonary artery acceleration time indexed to the right ventricular ejection time (PAAT/RVET) and right ventricular free wall longitudinal strain (RVFWLS) at 34-41 weeks' postmenstrual age. Cox-proportional hazards models were used to estimate the relationship between the PAAT/RVET, RVFWLS, and the outcome: days from 36 weeks' postmenstrual age to room-air or discharge with oxygen (≤0.

Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients Bridged with Biventricular Assist Device Have Worse 1 Year Graft Survival.

There are little data on postheart transplant (HT) outcomes for pediatric patients that were supported to HT with biventricular assist device (BiVAD). The United Network for Organ Sharing database was queried for patients <18 years old at time of HT between January 2005 and March 2018, excluding patients bridged with total artificial hearts and right ventricular assist device (VAD). Of 4,904 pediatric HT recipients, patients were grouped by no VAD support (3,934; 80.

Preoperative Anemia and Risk for Perioperative Neurocognitive Dysfunction in Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Retrospective Analysis.

Objectives: To evaluate whether there is a relationship between preoperative anemia and domain-specific cognitive performance in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Design: Retrospective analysis of data collected from a randomized study.

Setting: Tertiary care university hospital.

Personalized Blood Pressure Management During Cardiac Surgery With Cerebral Autoregulation Monitoring: A Randomized Trial.

The purpose of this study was to determine if setting mean arterial pressure (MAP) targets during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) based on individualized cerebral autoregulation data reduces the frequency of neurological complications compared with usual care. Patients (n = 460) ≥ 55 years old at risk for neurological complications were randomized to have MAP targets during CPB to be above the lower limit of transcranial Doppler determined cerebral autoregulation versus usual institutional practices. The primary outcome was the frequency of the composite endpoint of clinical stroke, or new brain magnetic resonance imaging-detected ischemic injury, or cognitive decline 4-6 weeks after surgery from baseline.

Concussion Alters Dynamic Pupillary Light Responses in Children.

Aim: To investigate the impact of concussion on pupillary function in children by examining pupillometric parameters and assessing for differences in children reporting photosensitivity.

Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed of pediatric patients referred for visual symptoms after concussion from 2017 to 2018 seen in a single academic outpatient clinic. Pupillometry data of 92 patients were included.

Transition Readiness Assessment in Adolescents and Young Adults with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1).

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) conveys significant disease morbidity and lower quality of life compared to the general population. Research has shown that decreased positive health outcomes are directly correlated with inadequate development of health-related self-management skills among similar patient populations, and among these populations a healthcare transition (HCT) intervention improves provision of care and health outcomes. Thus, HCT intervention may improve care and outcomes in NF1.

The impact of a yoga-based physical therapy group for individuals with traumatic brain injury: results from a pilot study.

Objective: To compare the impacts of yoga-based physical therapy versus a seated rest within the context of standard rehabilitation practice on sleep, heart rate variability (HRV), anxiety, and fatigue during acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation.

Methods: Eleven individuals participated in this crossover study involving the following interventions in a randomized order: group yoga-based physical therapy (YPT), conventional physical therapy (CPT), and group seated rest in a relaxing environment (SR). HRV and self-reported anxiety and fatigue were measured immediately before and after each group, and sleep after each condition and at baseline.

Resource utilization of intraoperative cultures for pediatric deep neck space abscesses.

Introduction: Peritonsillar (PT), parapharyngeal (PP), and retropharyngeal (RP) abscesses are common pediatric deep neck space infections (DNSI). Despite established literature on DNSI microbiology, obtaining intraoperative cultures remains commonplace. The objective was to evaluate the resource utilization of intraoperative cultures when draining PT, PP, and RP abscesses.

Depressive symptoms after stroke are associated with worse recovery.

Objective: More studies are needed on how depressive symptoms in stroke patients can impact outcomes. We evaluated the relationship between depression symptom severity and motor outcomes in a cohort of patients with motor impairment from ischemic stroke.

Method: We enrolled consecutive ischemic stroke patients without a clinical diagnosis of depression who presented to a single-center urban academic referral hospital.

Arm Subscore of Motricity Index to Predict Recovery of Upper Limb Dexterity in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether the arm subscore of the Motricity Index 1 wk after stroke can predict recovery of upper limb function according to the Action Research Arm Test before inpatient rehabilitation facility discharge and at 3-mo outpatient follow-up.

Design: This was a prospective cohort study of patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to a single acute care hospital and affiliated inpatient rehabilitation facility between 2016 and 2018. Upper limb dexterity of the impaired limb was assessed using the arm subscore of the Motricity Index and Action Research Arm Test.

Effects of an Implementation Intervention to Promote Use of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures on Clinicians' Perceptions of Evidence-Based Practice, Implementation Leadership, and Team Functioning.

Introduction: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are administered rarely during rehabilitation hospitalizations because clinicians are unfamiliar with their use and the technology to integrate PROMs into electronic medical records is nascent. This study evaluated an implementation intervention that targeted teams' perceptions of evidence-based practice (EBP), implementation leadership, and team functioning that might facilitate PROM use.

Methods: We compared clinicians' perceptions on three inpatient rehabilitation units, with sequential implementation across units.