Subretinal Amniotic Membrane Transplantation in a Porcine Model of Retinal Hole.

Purpose: To investigate the histopathological changes following subretinal amniotic membrane transplantation in an in vivo porcine model of retinal holes.

Methods: Left eyes of 12 Danish Landrace pigs were vitrectomized under full anesthesia. A subretinal bleb was created before excising a retinal hole (1154-2934 µm) using a 23-gauge vitrector.

Wound Healing in a Porcine Model of Retinal Holes.

Purpose: To investigate retinal wound healing, we created a new porcine model of retinal hole and identified the cells involved in hole closure.

Methods: Sixteen landrace pigs underwent vitrectomy, and a subretinal bleb was created before cutting a retinal hole using a 23G vitrector. No tamponade was used.

Levels of cytokines in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with psychotic disorders compared to individually matched healthy controls.

Background: Increased peripheral cytokine levels have been observed in patients with psychotic disorders; however, large high-quality studies with individually matched healthy controls have been lacking regarding cytokines in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of individuals with psychotic disorders.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with a non-organic, non-affective psychotic disorder (ICD-10: F20/22-29) within a year prior to inclusion and individually age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included by identical in- and exclusion criteria's except for the psychiatric diagnoses. All participants were aged 18-50 years and individuals with neurological or immunological disorders were excluded.

Antineuronal Autoantibodies in the Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum From 106 Patients With Recent-Onset Depression Compared With 106 Individually Matched Healthy Control Subjects.

No large studies have investigated the prevalence of cerebrospinal fluid antineuronal autoantibodies in isolated depression. In this case-control study comparing 106 patients with isolated depression (ICD-10 code F32) with 106 healthy control subjects, cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples were tested for 7 immunoglobulin G autoantibodies using commercial fixed cell-based assays. To explore validity of methods, positive samples were retested twice by cell-based assays and once by tissue-based assays (monkey cerebellum).

Disturbed bone marrow adiposity in patients with Cushing's syndrome and glucocorticoid- and postmenopausal- induced osteoporosis.

Background: Skeletal stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs) in the bone marrow can differentiate into osteoblasts or adipocytes in response to microenvironmental signalling input, including hormonal signalling. Glucocorticoids (GC) are corticosteroid hormones that promote adipogenic differentiation and are endogenously increased in patients with Cushing´s syndrome (CS). Here, we investigate bone marrow adiposity changes in response to endogenous or exogenous GC increases.

Watchful Waiting After Radiological Guided Drainage of Intra-abdominal Abscess in Patients With Crohn's Disease Might Be Associated With Increased Rates of Stoma Construction.

Background: Management of spontaneous intra-abdominal abscess (IAA) in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) with radiologically guided percutaneous drainage (PD) was debated.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis from a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of all the patients with CD who underwent PD followed by surgery at 19 international tertiary centers.

Results: Seventeen patients (4.

Comparisons of 25 cerebrospinal fluid cytokines in a case-control study of 106 patients with recent-onset depression and 106 individually matched healthy subjects.

Background: Neuroinflammation has been suggested as a contributor to the pathophysiology of depression; however, large case-control studies investigating cytokine levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with recent-onset depression by multiplex analyses are missing.

Methods: An individually matched (sex and age) prospective case-control study comparing patients with recent-onset depression to healthy controls. CSF was analyzed with the Mesoscale V-PLEX Neuroinflammation Panel 1.

Immune cell composition in unipolar depression: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Depression has been associated with inflammatory pathophysiological mechanisms, including alterations in amount of circulating immune cells. However, no meta-analysis within the past 20 years have reevaluated the circulating immune cells in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with depression compared to healthy controls. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the circulating immune cells in blood and CSF from patients with unipolar depression compared to healthy controls.

Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation and Blood-Brain Barrier in Psychotic Disorders and Individually Matched Healthy Controls.

Background And Hypothesis: Neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction have been observed in patients with psychotic disorders. However, previous studies have mainly focused on selected patients and broad screenings of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with recent onset psychosis compared to healthy controls are lacking.

Study Design: We included 104 patients with recent onset psychotic disorder and 104 individually matched healthy controls.

Antenatal depression and the association of intimate partner violence among a culturally diverse population in southeastern Norway: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Antenatal depression and intimate partner violence (IPV) are independently associated with adverse short- and long-term health effects for women and their children. The main aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of antenatal depression and the association between symptoms of antenatal depression and physical, emotional and sexual abuse in a culturally diverse population attending antenatal care.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1812 culturally diverse pregnant women from Safe Pregnancy, a randomized controlled trial to test the effect of an intimate partner violence intervention for abused women in southeastern Norway.

Long-term immune cell profiling in stroke patients with or without infections.

Purpose: Infections are frequent complications in acute ischemic stroke and may be caused by an altered immune response influencing brain damage. We compared long-term immune responses in stroke patients with or without infections during the recovery period by performing a long-term profiling of clinically relevant inflammatory parameters from stroke onset until day 49.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-four stroke patients were retrospectively included and divided into two groups depending on infection status.

The Immune System and Depression: From Epidemiological to Clinical Evidence.

Depression is a frequent mental disorder with a substantial contribution to years lived with disability worldwide. In the search for new treatment targets, the immune system's contribution to the pathogenesis of depression has received increased attention as immune activation has been associated with depression in various epidemiological and case-control studies. Epidemiological studies have shown that immune exposures such as severe infections and autoimmune disorders increase the risk of depression.

Neuroinflammatory Biomarkers in Cerebrospinal Fluid From 106 Patients With Recent-Onset Depression Compared With 106 Individually Matched Healthy Control Subjects.

Background: Neuroinflammation has been linked to depression; however, neuroinflammatory biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have not previously been thoroughly investigated in a large group of patients with recent-onset depression compared with healthy control subjects.

Methods: We conducted an individually matched case-control study comparing patients with recent-onset depression (ICD-10: F32) to control subjects. Primary outcomes were CSF white cell count (WCC), CSF-to-serum albumin ratio, CSF total protein, and immunoglobulin G (IgG) index.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in Patients With Unipolar Depression Compared With Healthy Control Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Depression has been associated with alterations in neurotransmitters, hormones, and inflammatory and neurodegenerative biomarkers, and biomarkers quantified in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are more likely to reflect ongoing biochemical changes within the brain. However, a comprehensive overview of CSF biomarkers is lacking and could contribute to the pathophysiological understanding of depression.

Objective: To investigate differences in quantified CSF biomarkers in patients with unipolar depression compared with healthy control individuals.

Controlled Subretinal Injection Pressure Prevents Damage in Pigs.

Introduction: Administration of retinal gene and stem cell therapy in patients with retinal degenerative diseases is in many cases dependent on a subretinal approach. It has been indicated that manual subretinal injection is associated with outer retinal damage, which may be explained by a high flow rate in the injection cannula. In the present porcine study, we evaluated flow-related retinal damage after controlled subretinal injection at different flow rates.

Neuroimmunological investigations of cerebrospinal fluid in patients with recent onset depression - a study protocol.

Background: A proinflammatory response has been suggested to be involved in the pathophysiology of depression in a subgroup of patients. However, comprehensive largescale studies on neuroimmunological investigations of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are lacking and no largescale longitudinal CSF studies comparing patients with depression to healthy controls currently exist.

Methods: A longitudinal case-control study including at least 100 patients with first time depression (ICD-10: F32) within the past year with ongoing symptoms and at least 100 sex and age matched healthy controls with collection of CSF, blood, and fecal samples.

Colonoscopy adverse events: are we getting the full picture?

Introduction: Colonoscopy adverse events (AEs) are commonly underreported and standardised reporting is rarely used. We aimed to investigate AEs associated with colonoscopy in a real world setting, using the American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) lexicon.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study of AEs related to outpatient colonoscopies performed in the North Denmark Region from 2015 to 2018 identified AEs from readmission within eight days or death within 30 days of colonoscopy.

Subretinal surgery: functional and histological consequences of entry into the subretinal space.

Background And Objectives: Gene-therapy, stem-cell transplantation and surgical robots hold the potential for treatment of currently untreatable retinal degenerative diseases. All of the techniques require entry into the subretinal space, which is a potential space located between the retina and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Knowledge about obstacles and critical steps in relation to subretinal procedures is therefore needed.

Loss of retinal tension and permanent decrease in retinal function: a new porcine model of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Purpose: Permanent loss of visual function after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment can occur despite successful surgical reattachment in humans. New treatment modalities could be explored in a detachment model with loss of retinal function. In previous porcine models, retinal function has returned after reattachment, regardless of height and duration of detachment.

Bruch's membrane allows unhindered passage of up to 2 μm latex beads in an in vivo porcine model.

Purpose: It has been proposed that changes in the permeability of Bruch's membrane play a role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This paper investigates, in an in vivo porcine model, the migration of fluorescent latex beads across the Bruch's membrane after subretinal injection.

Methods: Forty-one healthy eyes of 33 three-month-old domestic pigs received a subretinal injection of 0.

Neuropeptide Y treatment induces retinal vasoconstriction and causes functional and histological retinal damage in a porcine ischaemia model.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of intravitreal neuropeptide Y (NPY) treatment following acute retinal ischaemia in an in vivo porcine model. In addition, we evaluated the vasoconstrictive potential of NPY on porcine retinal arteries ex vivo.

Methods: Twelve pigs underwent induced retinal ischaemia by elevated intraocular pressure clamping the ocular perfusion pressure at 5 mmHg for 2 hr followed by intravitreal injection of NPY or vehicle.

Fatal cardiac arrhythmia caused by tumor lysis in a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma upon start of R-CHOP.

Tumor lysis syndrome is rare in diffuse large cell lymphoma, but it is important to recognize the risk in patients with massive tumor burden and reduced kidney function. Very intense vigilance can be necessary despite adequate prophylactic measures and certain drugs may exacerbate electrolyte derangements.

Repeated subretinal surgery and removal of subretinal decalin is well tolerated - evidence from a porcine model.

Purpose: Subretinal perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) is a serious complication that can occur after retinal detachment repair. It is possible to remove the PFCL surgically, but retinal damage related to the procedure is unknown. Also, increasing interest in subretinal treatment makes it relevant to examine the functional and morphological consequences of repeated subretinal manipulation.

Time-Dependent Decline in Multifocal Electroretinogram Requires Faster Recording Procedures in Anesthetized Pigs.

Purpose: The time-dependent effect of anesthetics on the retinal function is debated. We hypothesize that in anesthetized animals there is a time-dependent decline that requires optimized multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) recording procedures.

Methods: Conventional and four-frame global-flash mfERG recordings were obtained approximately 15, 60, and 150 minutes after the induction of propofol anesthesia (20 pigs) and isoflurane anesthesia (nine pigs).