Primary central nervous system lymphomas in immunocompromised patients require specific response criteria.

Purpose: Immunosuppression is a well-established risk factor for primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs), which present in this context distinct radiological characteristics. Our aim was to describe the radiological evolution of treated PCNSL in immunocompromised patients and suggest adapted MRI response criteria.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study of patients from the French LOC, K-Virogref and CANCERVIH network databases and enrolled adult immunocompromised patients with newly diagnosed PCNSL.

Gut microbiota alteration in adolescent anorexia nervosa does not normalize with short-term weight restoration.

Objective: Gut microbiota are linked to metabolic function, body weight regulation, and brain and behavioral changes. Alteration of gut microbiota is repeatedly demonstrated in adults with anorexia nervosa (AN) and transplantation of stool from adult patients with AN reduces weight gain, food consumption and food efficiency in germ-free mice. No similar data are available for adolescents, who might differ from adults due to their shorter duration of illness.

The Impact of Starvation on the Microbiome and Gut-Brain Interaction in Anorexia Nervosa.

Interactions between the gut microbiome and the brain are of increasing interest to both researchers and clinicians. Evidence is mounting on the causal role of an altered gut microbiome in inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity and diabetes, and psychiatric diseases like anxiety and depression. Mechanisms include altered energy harvest from food, hormonal changes, increased gut permeability, inflammation, immune response, and a direct influence on the brain and behavior.