IL-22BP production is heterogeneously distributed in Crohn's disease.

Crohn's disease (CD), a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is characterized by impaired epithelial barrier functions and dysregulated mucosal immune responses. IL-22 binding protein (IL-22BP) is a soluble inhibitor regulating IL-22 bioactivity, a cytokine proposed to play protective roles during CD. We and others have shown that IL-22BP is produced in IBD inflamed tissues, hence suggesting a role in CD.

HLA-DR expression in neonates after cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass: a pilot study.

Monocyte HLA-DR expression has been reported as a marker of immunosuppression and a predictor of sepsis development. However, to date, there is no report on monocyte HLA-DR monitoring exclusively in neonates (< 28 days of life) who underwent cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), which have a high risk of nosocomial infection. In this pilot study, we studied nine neonates with a diagnosis of congenital heart disease requiring surgery under CPB.

Fibered Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy for the Noninvasive Imaging of Langerhans Cells in Macaques.

Purpose: We developed a new approach to visualize skin Langerhans cells by in vivo fluorescence imaging in nonhuman primates.

Procedures: Macaques were intradermally injected with a monoclonal, fluorescently labeled antibody against HLA-DR molecule and were imaged for up to 5 days by fibered confocal microscopy (FCFM).

Results: The network of skin Langerhans cells was visualized by in vivo fibered confocal fluorescence microscopy.

First-in-Human Study in Healthy Subjects with FR104, a Pegylated Monoclonal Antibody Fragment Antagonist of CD28.

FR104 is a monovalent pegylated Fab' Ab, antagonist of CD28, under development for treatment of transplant rejection and autoimmune diseases. In contrast to CD80/86 antagonists (CTLA4-Ig), FR104 selectively blunts CD28 costimulation while sparing CTLA-4 and PD-L1 coinhibitory signals. In the present work, FR104 has been evaluated in a first-in-human study to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and potency of i.

Persistent deficiency of circulating mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Objective: Mucosal associated invariant T cells (MAIT) and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have immunoregulatory functions at mucosal sites and have been involved in various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to assess their frequencies in blood in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV).

Methods: The frequencies and function of MAIT cells, ILCs, γδT, iNKT, NK cells were analyzed by flow cytometry on PBMC of patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) without any treatment, in acute (AP) and remission phase (RP) and compared with healthy controls (HC).

Intradermal injection of an anti-Langerin-HIVGag fusion vaccine targets epidermal Langerhans cells in nonhuman primates and can be tracked in vivo.

The development of new immunization strategies requires a better understanding of early molecular and cellular events occurring at the site of injection. The skin is particularly rich in immune cells and represents an attractive site for vaccine administration. Here, we specifically targeted vaccine antigens to epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs) using a fusion protein composed of HIV antigens and a monoclonal antibody targeting Langerin.

Macrophage- and neutrophil-derived TNF-α instructs skin langerhans cells to prime antiviral immune responses.

Dendritic cells are major APCs that can efficiently prime immune responses. However, the roles of skin-resident Langerhans cells (LCs) in eliciting immune responses have not been fully understood. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, that LCs in cynomolgus macaque skin are capable of inducing antiviral-specific immune responses in vivo.