Effect of a high-protein and low-glycaemic index diet during pregnancy in women with overweight or obesity on offspring metabolic health-A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Maternal obesity and excessive weight gain during pregnancy are associated with higher birth weight and increased risk of childhood obesity.

Objective: This study investigated the effect of a high-protein and low-glycaemic-index (HPLGI) diet during pregnancy on offspring body composition and metabolic health.

Methods: We conducted a dietary intervention study in pregnant women with a pre-pregnancy BMI of 28-45 kg/m who were randomly assigned to an HPLGI diet or a moderate-protein moderate-glycaemic-index (MPMGI) diet.

Prepregnancy and Gestational Interventions to Prevent Childhood Obesity.

Childhood obesity is a significant global health issue with complex and multifactorial origins, often beginning before conception and influenced by both maternal and paternal health. The increased prevalence of prepregnancy obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus in women of reproductive age contributes to a heightened risk of metabolic dysfunction in offspring. Current clinical practices often implement lifestyle interventions after the first trimester and have limited success, implying that they miss a critical window for effective metabolic adjustments.

Maternal glucose homeostasis during pregnancy in women with overweight or obesity and offspring metabolic health.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) adversely affects offspring glucose homeostasis and risk of developing obesity. Here, we examined the association between glycemia in pregnant women with overweight or obesity without GDM and offspring metabolic health. Maternal fasting glucose concentrations and glucose 2-h after an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were measured in 208 women with a pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) of 28-45 kg/m without GDM.

Validation of a food frequency questionnaire in the assessment of dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, and protein intake in pregnant women with obesity.

Objectives: Studies suggest that diets with a low glycemic index and high protein are favorable in aiding weight loss and improving weight maintenance; however, methods to measure dietary intake are comprehensive both for the participant and the study staff. We aimed to validate the accuracy of the dietary glycemic index and protein intake assessed through a food frequency questionnaire against a 4-d weighed food record in Danish pregnant women with obesity.

Methods: A total of 31 pregnant women completed a 29-item food frequency questionnaire and a 4-d weighed food record with overlapping time periods.

Meat and Human Health-Current Knowledge and Research Gaps.

Meat is highly nutritious and contributes with several essential nutrients which are difficult to obtain in the right amounts from other food sources. Industrially processed meat contains preservatives including salts, possibly exerting negative effects on health. During maturation, some processed meat products develop a specific microbiota, forming probiotic metabolites with physiological and biological effects yet unidentified, while the concentration of nutrients also increases.

Efficacy of Dietary Manipulations for Depleting Intrahepatic Triglyceride Content: Implications for the Management of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Purpose Of Review: Understanding the effects of dietary manipulations on intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) balance will have important implications for the prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Recent Findings: Reducing calorie intake to induce weight loss is the most potent intervention to decrease IHTG. Carbohydrate restriction during the initial stages of weight loss may be particularly beneficial, but at later stages, the amount of weight loss predominates over diet composition.

Effects of Full-Fat and Fermented Dairy Products on Cardiometabolic Disease: Food Is More Than the Sum of Its Parts.

Current dietary recommendations to limit consumption of saturated fat are largely based on early nutrition studies demonstrating a direct link between dietary saturated fat, elevated blood cholesterol levels, and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. As full-fat dairy products are rich in saturated fat, these dietary guidelines recommend consumption of fat-free or low-fat dairy products in place of full-fat dairy. However, dairy products vary greatly in both their nutrient content and their bioactive ingredients, and research increasingly highlights the importance of focusing on whole foods (i.

Effect of low energy diet for eight weeks to adults with overweight or obesity on folate, retinol, vitamin B, D and E status and the degree of inflammation: a post hoc analysis of a randomized intervention trial.

Background: Obesity is associated with vitamin insufficiency and low grade inflammation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of weight loss on folate, retinol, vitamin B, D and E status and the degree of inflammation.

Methods: Out of 110, 85 individuals (75% women) aged 39 ± 11 years with a mean ± SD BMI of 33 ± 4 kg/m, completed an eight-week low energy diet (LED).

The efficacy of a high protein/low glycemic index diet intervention in non-obese patients with asthma.

Background/objectives: EFFORT Asthma study is a randomized controlled trial designed to assess the effects of diet and exercise in non-obese, untrained patients with asthma. We here present results from a subgroup of participants in the diet and control group to assess the feasibility of a high protein and low glycemic index (GI) diet and the effects on body composition.

Subjects/methods: Of the 149 subjects who were included in the study, 76 subjects (30 males) were randomized into either a diet group (n = 38) or a control group (n = 38) and included in the present analysis.

Effects of Exercise and Diet in Nonobese Asthma Patients-A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Behavioral interventions focusing on exercise and healthy diet improve asthma control in obese patients with asthma, but whether these interventions can lead to improvements in nonobese patients remains unclear.

Objectives: In a randomized, controlled parallel-group design, we studied the effects of an 8-week intervention of either exercise (high-intensity interval training), diet (high protein/low glycemic index), or a combination of the 2, on asthma control and clinical outcomes in nonobese patients with asthma.

Methods: Nonobese adult patients with asthma (n = 149) were randomized to 1 of 4 groups: an exercise group, a diet group, an exercise + diet group, or a control group.

Vitamin D Status and Muscle Function Among Adolescent and Young Swimmers.

Impaired muscle function has been coupled to vitamin D insufficiency in young women and in elderly men and women. Those living at Northern latitudes are at risk for vitamin D insufficiency due to low sun exposure which may be more pronounced among elite swimmers because of their indoor training schedules. We aimed to examine vitamin D status among young elite swimmers and evaluate the association between vitamin D status and muscle strength.

[Eggs do not increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and can be safely consumed].

Eggs are nutrient dense, rich in essential amino- and fatty acids, and the most cholesterol containing food. Based on observational studies the consumption of eggs has since the 1970's been claimed to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Intervention studies on intake of eggs and plasma cholesterol do however not support causality.

Poor performance of mandatory nutritional screening of in-hospital patients.

Background & Aims: Since 2006 it has been mandatory at Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte to screen all patients for nutritional risk within 24 h of admittance. Audits conducted by department staff estimate that 70-80% of assessments are correctly executed, but the validity of this estimate is unknown. The aim of the present study was to discover the true proportion of hospitalized patients receiving nutritional risk screening within the stipulated time limit and to evaluate the validity of the screening by comparison with medical records.