Effectiveness of Prophylactic Intraosseous Antibiotic versus Intravenous Antibiotic in Knee Surgeries in Pigs: Experimental Study.

 To demonstrate that the intraosseous (IO) access is more effective compared with the intravenous (IV) access for prophylactic antibiotic administration in knee joint surgeries, using 36 pigs as live models.  Skin, subcutaneous tissue, cartilage, and bone samples were collected, analyzed and compared after the administration of IV or IO antibiotic in different groups.  When comparing the IO and IV groups, the IO group showed a higher concentration of prophylactic antibiotic in the skin (  = 0.

The influence of diabetes mellitus II on cognitive performance.

Background: The association between diabetes mellitus and cognitive dysfunction is becoming increasingly clear, rendering it necessary for physicians in charge of diabetic patients to have the means to assess cognitive performance. Simple tests that can be applied during routine consultations may be useful for monitoring cognitive function during the course of diabetes.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to assess cognition in diabetes mellitus type II (DM-II) using simple tests that can be incorporated into routine medical practice.