Publications by authors named "Nina Omejc"

Article Synopsis
  • Humans can make abstract choices that aren't always tied to physical actions, but most studies link choices to actions.
  • Researchers found that the brain represents these abstract choices independently of motor actions using MEG signals, showing distinct brain areas for choice representation and motor signals.
  • The study suggests that there’s a common process in the brain for making decisions, which can operate regardless of whether the action tied to the choice is known or not.
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There is conflicting evidence about how interference control in healthy adults is affected by walking as compared to standing or sitting. Although the Stroop paradigm is one of the best-studied paradigms to investigate interference control, the neurodynamics associated with the Stroop task during walking have never been studied. We investigated three Stroop tasks using variants with increasing interference levels - word-reading, ink-naming, and the switching of the two tasks, combined in a systematic dual-tasking fashion with three motor conditions - sitting, standing, and treadmill walking.

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The utilization of a non-invasive electroencephalogram (EEG) as an input sensor is a common approach in the field of the brain-computer interfaces (BCI). However, the collected EEG data pose many challenges, one of which may be the age-related variability of event-related potentials (ERPs), which are often used as primary EEG BCI signal features. To assess the potential effects of aging, a sample of 27 young and 43 older healthy individuals participated in a visual oddball study, in which they passively viewed frequent stimuli among randomly occurring rare stimuli while being recorded with a 32-channel EEG set.

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Article Synopsis
  • With aging, individuals show slower reaction times (RTs) which increases the risk of falls, prompting the need for quick sensory and motor responses.
  • The study analyzed the differences in sensory and motor processing between younger (mean age 34) and older adults (mean age 67) using event-related potentials (ERPs) and a visual reaction task.
  • Results showed that older adults had significantly longer RTs and larger ERP amplitudes with delayed latencies for visual stimuli, especially in later components, while motor-related potentials indicated stronger activation for upper limbs but no major changes for lower limbs.
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Electroencephalographic neurofeedback (EEG-NFB) represents a broadly used method that involves a real-time EEG signal measurement, immediate data processing with the extraction of the parameter(s) of interest, and feedback to the individual in a real-time. Using such a feedback loop, the individual may gain better control over the neurophysiological parameters, by inducing changes in brain functioning and, consequently, behavior. It is used as a complementary treatment for a variety of neuropsychological disorders and improvement of cognitive capabilities, creativity or relaxation in healthy subjects.

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