Cardiometabolic health in adults born with very low birth weight-a sibling study.

Background: Preterm survivors have increased risk for impaired cardiometabolic health. We assessed glucose regulation and cardiometabolic biomarkers in adult very low birth weight (VLBW, <1500 g) survivors, using siblings as controls.

Methods: VLBW-participants were matched with term-born, same-sex siblings.

Abdominal adipose tissue and liver fat imaging in very low birth weight adults born preterm: birth cohort with sibling-controls.

Preterm birth at very low birth weight (VLBW, < 1500 g) is associated with an accumulation of cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors from childhood at least to middle age. Small-scale studies suggest that this could partly be explained by increased visceral or ectopic fat. We performed magnetic resonance imaging on 78 adults born preterm at VLBW in Finland between 1978 and 1990 and 72 term same-sex siblings as controls, with a mean age of 29 years.

Maternal pre-pregnancy overweight and gestational diabetes and dietary intakes among young adult offspring.

Background/objectives: Maternal pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and gestational diabetes (GDM) are associated with increased fat deposition in adult offspring. The purpose of this study was to identify if maternal pre-pregnancy overweight (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m) or GDM are associated with dietary quality or intake in adult offspring.

Subjects/methods: Participants (n = 882) from two longitudinal cohort studies (ESTER Maternal Pregnancy Disorders Study and the Arvo Ylppö Longitudinal Study) completed a validated food-frequency questionnaire at a mean age of 24.

Gestational Diabetes But Not Prepregnancy Overweight Predicts for Cardiometabolic Markers in Offspring Twenty Years Later.

Context: Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and prepregnancy overweight/obesity [body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2] might adversely affect offspring cardiometabolic health.

Objective: To assess the associations between maternal GDM and prepregnancy overweight/obesity with adult offspring cardiometabolic risk factors.

Design: Longitudinal cohort study (ESTER Maternal Pregnancy Disorders Study and the Arvo Ylppö Longitudinal Study).

Maternal early pregnancy body mass index and diurnal salivary cortisol in young adult offspring.

Background Maternal early pregnancy overweight (body mass index [BMI] 25.0-29.9 kg/m) and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m) are associated with mental and physical health adversities in the offspring.

Leisure Time Physical Activity in Young Adults Born Preterm.

Objective: To evaluate the amount of self-reported physical activity in young adults born prematurely compared with those born at term.

Study Design: Unimpaired participants of the Preterm Birth Study (Preterm Birth and Early Life Programming of Adult Health and Disease) birth cohort study were studied at age 23.3 ± 1.

Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in young adults born preterm-The ESTER study.

Background: Young adults born preterm have higher levels of cardio metabolic risk factors and they report less physical activity than their peers born at term. Physical activity provides important cardio metabolic health benefits. We hypothesized that objectively measured physical activity levels are lower and time spent sedentary is higher among preterm-born individuals compared with controls.

Diurnal Cortisol Patterns and Dexamethasone Suppression Test Responses in Healthy Young Adults Born Preterm at Very Low Birth Weight.

Background: Early life stress, such as painful and stressful procedures during neonatal intensive care after preterm birth, can permanently affect physiological, hormonal and neurobiological systems. This may contribute to altered programming of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) and provoke changes in HPAA function with long-term health impacts. Previous studies suggest a lower HPAA response to stress in young adults born preterm compared with controls born at term.

Physical Fitness in Young Adults Born Preterm.

Background: Young adults born preterm have higher levels of cardiometabolic risk factors than their term-born peers. Muscular and cardiorespiratory fitness have important cardiometabolic and other health benefits. We assessed muscular, cardiorespiratory, and self-rated fitness in preterm-born young adults.

Objectively measured physical activity in young adults born preterm at very low birth weight.

Unimpaired adults born preterm at very low birth weight (<1500 g) consistently have lower conditioning physical activity than those born at term. We used wrist-worn accelerometers to measure objectively physical activity in 57 very low birth weight and 47 control subjects aged 25 years. We found no difference in any physical activity measures.

Insulin sensitivity and secretory response in adults born preterm: the Helsinki Study of Very Low Birth Weight Adults.

Context: Preterm birth is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adult life. The mechanisms are poorly known.

Objective: We studied insulin sensitivity and secretion in adults born preterm at very low birth weight (VLBW; < 1500 g).

Adrenalin, noradrenalin and heart rate responses to psychosocial stress in young adults born preterm at very low birthweight.

Objective: Adults born preterm at very low birthweight (VLBW; ≤ 1500 g) have high levels of cardiovascular risk factors and altered responses to psychosocial stress including higher blood pressure and lower cortisol. Our aim was to investigate adrenalin (A), noradrenalin (NA) and heart rate (HR) responses to psychosocial stress in adults born preterm at VLBW.

Design And Participants: We studied 50 young adults, aged 19-27 years, born at VLBW and 39 term-born controls, group-matched for age, sex and birth hospital.

Blunted hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and insulin response to psychosocial stress in young adults born preterm at very low birth weight.

Background: Young adults born preterm at very low birth weight (VLBW, ≤1500 g) have higher levels of cardiovascular risk factors, including impaired glucose regulation, than their term-born peers. This could be mediated through altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) response to stress.

Objective: To compare HPAA, glucose and insulin responses provoked by psychosocial stress in VLBW subjects versus a comparison group of term-born controls.

Diet and nutrient intake in young adults born preterm at very low birth weight.

Objective: To assess dietary intake in young adults born preterm at very low birth weight (VLBW) (≤ 1500 g).

Study Design: We studied 151 young adults aged 19-27 years who were born at VLBW and 156 term-born controls, group-matched for age, sex, and birth hospital. Participants completed a 3-day food record, which was checked by a nutritionist.

Lower conditioning leisure-time physical activity in young adults born preterm at very low birth weight.

Background: Adults born preterm at very low birth weight (VLBW, <1500 g) have elevated levels of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Preliminary observations suggest that this could partly be explained by lower rates of physical activity. The aim of this study was to assess physical activity in healthy young adults born preterm at very low birth weight compared with term-born controls.