Determinants of life satisfaction in adolescents with congenital or acquired heart disease: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

Background: We aimed to investigate how self-reported physical and cognitive limitations (challenges), self-efficacy, and social support interacted with life satisfaction in adolescents and young adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) or acquired heart disease, among whom life satisfaction may be impaired.

Methods: "Adolescence with Heart Disease" was a cross-sectional, nationwide survey of patients with CHD or early acquired heart disease aged 15-25. Structural equation modeling was used to test the implied latent variable mediation model between the main outcome of interest (life satisfaction) and challenges, social support, and self-efficacy.

Factors shaping return to work: a qualitative study among heart failure patients in Denmark.

Purpose: For people of working-age diagnosed with heart failure, return to work (RTW) is often a significant rehabilitation goal. To inform vocational rehabilitation strategies, we conducted a qualitative study aiming at exploring patient experienced support needs, and barriers and facilitators to RTW.

Materials And Methods: Ten men and eight women with heart failure (48-60 years) were interviewed in Denmark during 2022.

Corrigendum: Implementation fidelity of a smoke-free workplace intervention in a private medical company: A mixed-methods process evaluation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18332/tpc/162878.].

Implementation fidelity of a smoke-free workplace intervention in a private medical company: A mixed-methods process evaluation.

Introduction: Smoke-free workplaces are considered an important part of tobacco control strategies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate implementation fidelity and explore the significance of social and contextual factors for the implementation of a strict smoke-free workplace intervention in a large Danish medical company.

Methods: The UK Medical Research Council's guidance for process evaluation was used as a framework.

Screening for anxiety and depression in clinical practice: translating scores from World Health Organization-5/Anxiety Symptom Scale-2/Major Depression Inventory-2 to Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate if a combination of World Health Organization-5 (WHO-5), Anxiety Symptom Scale-2 (ASS-2), and Major Depression Inventory-2 (MDI-2) can replace the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) as screening tool for anxiety and depression in cardiac patients across diagnoses and whether it is feasible to generate crosswalks (translation tables) for use in clinical practice.

Methods And Results: We used data from the Danish 'Life with a heart disease' survey, in which 10 000 patients with a hospital contact and discharge diagnosis of ischaemic heart disease, heart failure, heart valve disease, or atrial fibrillation in 2018 were invited. Potential participants received an electronic questionnaire including 51 questions on health, well-being, and evaluation of the health care system.

Delirium screening in a stroke unit by nurses using 4AT: Results from a quality improvement project.

Aim: To assess the feasibility of delirium screening with the screening tool 4AT conducted by stroke unit nurses.

Design: Observational.

Methods: Patients with confirmed acute stroke admitted to the stroke unit at Baerum Hospital, Norway, from March to October 2020, were consecutively recruited.

Diagnostic group differences in return to work and subsequent detachment from employment following cardiovascular disease: a nationwide cohort study.

Aims: Return to work and employment maintenance following cardiovascular disease (CVD) are important rehabilitation goals for people of working age. To identify people in particular need of vocational rehabilitation, we examined differences in return to work and subsequent detachment from employment among people with atrial fibrillation (AF), heart failure (HF), heart valve disease, and ischaemic heart disease.

Methods And Results: We conducted a nationwide cohort study and included all individuals of working age (35-65 years) who were employed when diagnosed with incident CVD in 2018.

Perceived return-to-work pressure following cardiovascular disease is associated with age, sex, and diagnosis: a nationwide combined survey- and register-based cohort study.

Background: Return to work is a key rehabilitation goal for people with cardiovascular disease (CVD) because employment matters to individuals and societies. However, people recovering from CVD often struggle with returning to work and maintaining employment. To identify people in need of vocational counselling, we examined the probability of feeling under pressure to return to work following CVD.

Leadership Quality and Risk of Long-term Sickness Absence Among 53,157 Employees of the Danish Workforce.

Objective: To examine whether low leadership quality predicts long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in Denmark.

Methods: Using Cox models, we estimated the association between exposure to low leadership quality and onset of register based LTSA (more than or equal to 6 weeks) during 12-months follow-up among 53,157 employees without previous LTSA.

Results: During 51,155 person-years, we identified 2270 cases of LTSA.

Perceived and content-related emotional demands at work and risk of long-term sickness absence in the Danish workforce: a cohort study of 26 410 Danish employees.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine whether high emotional demands at work predict long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in the Danish workforce and whether associations differ by perceived and content-related emotional demands.

Methods: We included 26 410 individuals from the Work Environment and Health in Denmark Study, a nationwide sample of the Danish workforce. Emotional demands at work were measured with two items: one assessing perceived emotional demands (asking how often respondents were emotionally affected by work) and one assessing content-related emotional demands (frequency of contact with individuals in difficult situations).

Job type and other socio-demographic factors associated with participation in a national, cross-sectional study of Danish employees.

Objectives: Participation in population-based surveys and epidemiological studies has been declining over the years in many countries. The aim of this study was to examine the association between job type and participation in the work environment and health in Denmark survey with/without taking into account other socio-demographic factors.

Design: Cross-sectional survey using questionnaire data on working environment and registry data on job type, industry and socio-economic variables.

Delirium screening in an acute geriatric ward by nurses using 4AT: results from a quality improvement project.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart-based analysis based on a quality improvement project in an acute geriatric ward. Delirium screening with the 4AT was performed by nurses within 24 h after hospital admission. Delirium according to DSM-5 criteria was diagnosed retrospectively based on review of patient records.

Persistent social inequality in low intake of vegetables among adolescents, 2002-2014.

Objective: To examine the trend in social inequality in low intake of vegetables among adolescents in Denmark from 2002 to 2014 using occupational social class (OSC) as socio-economic indicator.

Design: Repeated cross-sectional school surveys including four waves of data collection in 2002-2014. The analyses focused on absolute social inequality (difference between high and low OSC in low vegetable intake) as well as relative social inequality (OR for low vegetable intake by OSC).

Health profile for Danish adults with activity limitation: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Studies have indicated that people with disabilities die earlier and may experience a poorer health than the general population. This study investigated 31 factors related to health and well-being, health behaviour and social relations among Danish adults with activity limitation (AL).

Methods: This study was based on data from the Danish Health and Morbidity Survey (DHMS) 2013 where 25,000 men and women aged 16 years or older were selected randomly from the adult Danish population.

Time trends in leisure time physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption and body mass index in Danish adults with and without COPD.

Background: Promotion of a healthy lifestyle and non-pharmacological interventions in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has received great attention in recent decades. The aim of this study was to investigate trends in leisure time physical activity (PA), smoking, alcohol consumption and body mass index (BMI) from 2000 to 2010 in Danish individuals with and without COPD.

Methods: Analyses were based on data provided by The Danish Health and Morbidity's three cross-sectional surveys from 2000, 2005 and 2010.

Whole-grain products and whole-grain types are associated with lower all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the Scandinavian HELGA cohort.

No study has yet investigated the intake of different types of whole grain (WG) in relation to all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a healthy population. The aim of the present study was to investigate the intake of WG products and WG types in relation to all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a large Scandinavian HELGA cohort that, in 1992-8, included 120 010 cohort members aged 30-64 years from the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study, the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study, and the Danish Diet Cancer and Health Study. Participants filled in a FFQ from which data on the intake of WG products were extracted.

Physical activity and all-cause mortality across levels of overall and abdominal adiposity in European men and women: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Study (EPIC).

Background: The higher risk of death resulting from excess adiposity may be attenuated by physical activity (PA). However, the theoretical number of deaths reduced by eliminating physical inactivity compared with overall and abdominal obesity remains unclear.

Objective: We examined whether overall and abdominal adiposity modified the association between PA and all-cause mortality and estimated the population attributable fraction (PAF) and the years of life gained for these exposures.

The combined impact of adherence to five lifestyle factors on all-cause, cancer and cardiovascular mortality: a prospective cohort study among Danish men and women.

Individual lifestyle factors have been associated with lifestyle diseases and premature mortality by an accumulating body of evidence. The impact of a combination of lifestyle factors on mortality has been investigated in several studies, but few have applied a simple index taking national guidelines into account. The objective of the present prospective cohort study was to investigate the combined impact of adherence to five lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, waist circumference and diet) on all-cause, cancer and cardiovascular mortality based on international and national health recommendations.

Trends in leisure time physical activity, smoking, body mass index and alcohol consumption in Danish adults with and without diabetes: a repeat cross-sectional national survey covering the years 2000 to 2010.

Aims: In recent decades there has been an increased focus on non-pharmacological treatment of diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate trends in leisure time physical activity (PA), smoking, body mass index (BMI), and alcohol consumption reported in 2000, 2005 and 2010 by Danish subjects with diabetes.

Methods: Data comprised level of leisure time PA (inactive; moderate active; medium active; high active); smoking; BMI; and alcohol consumption, provided by The Danish Health and Morbidity Surveys.

Lifestyle factors and mortality risk in individuals with diabetes mellitus: are the associations different from those in individuals without diabetes?

Aims/hypothesis: Thus far, it is unclear whether lifestyle recommendations for people with diabetes should be different from those for the general public. We investigated whether the associations between lifestyle factors and mortality risk differ between individuals with and without diabetes.

Methods: Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), a cohort was formed of 6,384 persons with diabetes and 258,911 EPIC participants without known diabetes.

Leisure time physical activity and mortality.

Background: Some studies indicate that a large part of the beneficial effect of physical activity on mortality is confined to a threshold effect of participation.

Methods: Self-reported physical activity was investigated in relation to all-cause mortality in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort, including 29,129 women and 26,576 men aged 50-64 years at baseline 1993-1997. Using Cox proportional hazards models we investigated the associations between mortality rate and leisure time physical activity by exploring 1) participation (yes/no) in each type of activity; 2) a simple dose-response relationship with hours spent on each activity, supplemented with indicators of participation in each activity; and 3) inflexion or nonmonotonic dose-response relationships using linear splines.

Whole grain, dietary fiber, and incidence of endometrial cancer in a Danish cohort study.

Whole grains and dietary fiber might be inversely associated with endometrial cancer risk through their effects on sex hormone metabolism and body fat. We investigated whether a higher intake of whole grains and dietary fiber was associated with a lower incidence of endometrial cancer in the Diet, Cancer and Health cohort of 29,875 women aged 50-64 years at enrollment in 1993-1997. Information on diet and lifestyle was derived from self-administered questionnaires.

Plasma enterolactone and incidence of endometrial cancer in a case-cohort study of Danish women.

The phyto-oestrogen enterolactone has been hypothesised to protect against hormone-dependent cancers, probably through its antioestrogenic potential. We investigated whether a higher level of plasma enterolactone was associated with a lower incidence of endometrial cancer in a case-cohort study in the ‘Diet, Cancer and Health’ cohort. The cohort study included 29 875 women aged 50–64 years enrolled between 1993 and 1997.

Prospective study on physical activity and risk of in situ breast cancer.

Background: Physical activity has been identified as protective factor for invasive breast cancer risk, whereas comparable studies on in situ carcinoma are rare.

Methods: The study included data from 283,827 women of the multinational European Prospective Investigation into C7ancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-cohort study. Detailed information on different types of physical activity conducted during the prior year, such as occupational, recreational, and household activity, as well as on important cofactors, was assessed at baseline.

Physical activity and risk of breast cancer overall and by hormone receptor status: the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition.

Physical activity is associated with reduced risks of invasive breast cancer. However, whether this holds true for breast cancer subtypes defined by the estrogen receptor (ER) and the progesterone receptor (PR) status is controversial. The study included 257,805 women from the multinational EPIC-cohort study with detailed information on occupational, recreational and household physical activity and important cofactors assessed at baseline.