Growth and cognitive outcome in very preterm infants with postnatal cytomegalovirus infection.

Introduction There are conflicting data on the association between postnatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and growth and cognitive outcome in very preterm infants. The aim of the current study was to systematically evaluate the effect of postnatal CMV infection on growth and cognitive outcome in an unselected, contemporary cohort of very preterm infants. Methods Infants <32 gestational weeks (2011-2018) were screened for postnatal CMV infection.

Postnatal cytomegalovirus infections did not alter amplitude-integrated electroencephalography signals or general movements in preterm infants.

Aim: Controversy prevails about whether postnatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. We aimed to investigate whether amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) signals and General Movement Assessment (GMA) scores differed in very preterm infants with postnatal CMV infections.

Methods: This was a retrospective single-centre study, conducted at Innsbruck Medical University Hospital, Austria, between February 2011 and November 2018.

Influence of Oral Contraceptives on Lipid Profile and Trajectories in Healthy Adolescents-Data From the EVA-Tyrol Study.

Purpose: Oral contraception is one of the most popular contraceptive methods both in adults and adolescents. However, the effects of oral contraception on lipids in adolescents are not well studied.

Methods: Lipid profiles were measured and contraceptive use was assessed in 14- to 19-year-old female participants of the prospective population-based Early Vascular Ageing-Tyrol Study between 2015 and 2018, twice on average 22 months apart.

Determinants of Diet Quality in Adolescents: Results from the Prospective Population-Based EVA-Tyrol and EVA4YOU Cohorts.

(1) Background: Unhealthy dietary behaviors are estimated to be one of the leading causes of death globally and are often shaped at a young age. Here, we investigated adolescent diet quality and its predictors, including nutrition knowledge, in two large Central European cohorts. (2) Methods: In 3056 participants of the EVA-Tyrol and EVA4YOU prospective population-based cohort studies aged 14 to 19 years, diet quality was assessed using the AHEI-2010 and DASH scores, and nutrition knowledge was assessed using the questionnaire from Turconi et al.

Case Report: Non-typhoidal infections transmitted by reptiles and amphibians.

Non-typhoidal infections (NTSI) can cause bacterial diarrhea, mostly leading to self-limiting gastroenteritis. However, in at-risk populations, NTSI can have severe complications. As transmission is most commonly foodborne, infection is rare in the breast- or bottle-fed very young.

Early Vascular Ageing in adolescents with migraine with aura: a community-based study.

Background: Migraine with aura is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, yet the pathophysiology is unknown. Suggested underlying mechanisms of aura formation point into the direction of an abnormal vasoreactivity that also extends to the extracranial vasculature.

Methods: In the Early Vascular Ageing Tyrol study, a community-based non-randomized controlled trial conducted in 45 schools and companies in Tyrol (Austria) and South-Tyrol (Italy) between May 2015 and September 2018 aiming to increase cardiovascular health in adolescents, headache syndromes were classified according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders in a face-to-face interview.

Cardiovascular health profiles in adolescents being born term or preterm-results from the EVA-Tyrol study.

Background And Aims: Preterm birth has been linked with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease from childhood into adolescence and early adulthood. In this study, we aimed to investigate differences in CV health profiles between former term- and preterm-born infants in a cohort of Tyrolean adolescents.

Methods: The Early Vascular Aging (EVA)-Tyrol study is a population-based non-randomized controlled trial, which prospectively enrolled 14- to 19-year-old adolescents in North Tyrol, Austria and South Tyrol, Italy between 2015 and 2018.

Plasma homocysteine levels and associated factors in community-dwelling adolescents: the EVA-TYROL study.

Background: Homocysteine (Hcy) has been associated with an adverse cardiovascular risk profile in adolescents. Assessment of the association between plasma Hcy levels and clinical/laboratory factors might improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease.

Methods: Hcy was measured in 1,900 14- to 19-year-old participants of prospective population-based EVA-TYROL Study (44.

The association of allergic asthma and carotid intima-media thickness in adolescence: data of the prospective early vascular ageing (EVA)-Tyrol cohort study.

Background: In recent years, there has been increasing evidence that asthma is associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. However, data in children and adolescents are scarce and conflicting. We aimed to assess the impact of asthma with and without an allergic component on the carotid intima-media thickness in a large pediatric population.

Association of adolescent lipoprotein subclass profile with carotid intima-media thickness and comparison to adults: Prospective population-based cohort studies.

Background And Aims: Assessment of comprehensive lipoprotein subclass profiles in adolescents and their relation to vascular disease may enhance our understanding of the development of dyslipidemia in early life and inform early vascular prevention.

Methods: Nuclear magnetic resonance was used to measure lipoprotein profiles, including lipids (cholesterol, free cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids) and apolipoproteins (apoB-100, apoA1, apoA2) of 17 lipoprotein subclasses (from least dense to densest: VLDL-1 to -6, IDL, LDL-1 to -6, HDL-1 to -4) in n = 1776 14- to 19-year olds (56.6% female) and n = 3027 25- to 85-year olds (51.

Diagnostic Yield of a Systematic Vascular Health Screening Approach in Adolescents at Schools.

Purpose: A significant proportion of noncommunicable diseases in adults has its roots in adolescence, and this is particularly true for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Detection of vascular and metabolic risk factors at young ages may aid disease prevention.

Methods: In 2,088 adolescents sampled from the general population of Tyrol, Austria, and South Tyrol, Italy, we systematically assessed the frequency of yet unknown vascular and metabolic risk conditions that require further diagnostic workup or intervention (lifestyle counselling or pharmacotherapy).

Predictors of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Progression in Adolescents-The EVA-Tyrol Study.

Background Cardiovascular disease depends on the duration and time course of risk factor exposure. Previous reports on risk factors of progression of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in the young were mostly restricted to high-risk populations or susceptible to certain types of bias. We aimed to unravel a risk factor signature for early vessel pathology based on repeated ultrasound assessments of the carotid arteries in the general population.

Cardiovascular health behaviors and associations of sex, age, and education in adolescents - Results from the EVA Tyrol study.

Background And Aims: Ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) behaviors in adolescents are defined by body mass index (BMI), diet, physical activity and smoking, and are directly associated with better health in later life. To further improve health prevention programs we investigated the prevalence of these behaviors in a cohort of healthy adolescents and focused on the associations with sex, age, and education.

Methods And Results: The Early Vascular Aging Tyrol study is a cross-sectional study assessing 14- to 19-year-old pupils and apprentices in Western Austria and South Tyrol.

Impact of lifestyle and cardiovascular risk factors on early atherosclerosis in a large cohort of healthy adolescents: The Early Vascular Ageing (EVA)-Tyrol Study.

Background And Aims: Atherosclerosis starts early in life. We aimed to assess the dimension and progression of the intima-media thickness, a surrogate marker for early vascular aging, and its association with a broad palette of cardiovascular risk and lifestyle factors in a large cohort of healthy adolescents.

Methods: The EVA-Tyrol cohort study enrolled 1573 adolescents with a mean age of 16.

Birth Weight and Weight Changes from Infancy to Early Childhood as Predictors of Body Mass Index in Adolescence.

Objective: To assess the time point during infancy and early childhood at which greater than expected weight gain is associated with overweight in adolescence.

Study Design: Current height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were assessed in 1520 adolescents (mean age of boys, 15.52 ± 0.

The Tyrolean early vascular ageing-study (EVA-Tyrol): study protocol for a non-randomized controlled trial : Effect of a cardiovascular health promotion program in youth, a prospective cohort study.

Background: According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading non-communicable cause of death. Awareness of the individual risk profile is crucial to implement a healthy lifestyle and prevent CVDs. Multiple studies demonstrated that atherosclerosis, the main cause of CVDs, begins early in life.

The Impact of Being Born Preterm or Small for Gestational Age on Early Vascular Aging in Adolescents.

Objective: To assess the impact of being born preterm or small for gestational age (SGA) on early vascular aging (EVA) in a cohort of healthy Tyrolean adolescents.

Study Design: This study is part of an ongoing clinical trial, EVA Tyrol, a regional cohort study being conducted in western Austria. EVA was assessed in adolescents (mean age, 16 years) by means of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), and blood pressure measurements.