Combinatorial screening algorithm to engineer multiepitope subunit vaccine targeting human T-lymphotropic virus-1 infection.

Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV), the first human retrovirus has been discovered which is known to cause the age-old assassinating disease HTLV-1 associated myelopathy. Cancer caused by this virus is adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma which targets 10-20 million throughout the world. The effect of this virus extends to the fact that it causes chronic disease to the spinal cord resulting in loss of sensation and further causes blood cancer.

Emerging Role of Circular RNAs as Potential Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Human Diseases.

In the eukaryotic transcriptome, the evolutionary conserved circular RNAs naturally occur from the family of noncoding RNAs. Circular RNAs possess a unique feature to interact with nucleic acids and ribonucleoproteins and are establishing themselves as an obligatory composition for the regulatory messages which are encoded by the genome. The back-splicing mechanism leads to the formation of circularized RNA, and because of this they become resistant to exonuclease-mediated degradation.

Scrutinizing Mycobacterium tuberculosis membrane and secretory proteins to formulate multiepitope subunit vaccine against pulmonary tuberculosis by utilizing immunoinformatic approaches.

Tuberculosis is a menacing disease caused eminently to the people inhabiting the tropical and sub-tropical nations. A holistic approach is required to generate T and B memory cells to effectuate a long-term exemption from the pulmonary tuberculosis. In this study, immunoinformatic approaches were used to design a multi-epitope-based subunit vaccine for pulmonary tuberculosis which may improve human immune system.