Psychosocial impact of structured transfer of adolescents with kidney transplants to adult services: An interventional national cohort study.

Background: Pediatric kidney transplantation entails a well-timed transition from pediatric to adult medical care. We aimed to construct a structured transition protocol and evaluate its impact on transfer-related psychosocial problems in Slovenian patients with kidney transplants.

Methods: Individual transition-related perceptions of our patients and their parents were first assessed, and the gathered information was used to establish a country-specific transition protocol.

Peritonitis related to chronic peritoneal dialysis in Slovenian pediatric patients.

Aims: Peritonitis is the most significant complication of chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD). We aimed to define the frequency and country-specific characteristics of peritonitis in Slovenian pediatric patients.

Materials And Methods: All 23 children and adolescents treated with PD at our center between November 1995 and December 2019 were included in the study.

Kidney Transplantation in Small Children: Association Between Body Weight and Outcome-A Report From the ESPN/ERA-EDTA Registry.

Background: Many centers accept a minimum body weight of 10 kg as threshold for kidney transplantation (Tx) in children. As solid evidence for clinical outcomes in multinational studies is lacking, we evaluated practices and outcomes in European children weighing below 10 kg at Tx.

Methods: Data were obtained from the European Society of Paediatric Nephrology/European Renal Association and European Dialysis and Transplant Association Registry on all children who started kidney replacement therapy at <2.

Citrate-induced local ionized calcium decrease in pediatric hemodialysis settings: An in-vitro study.

Background: Citrate is instilled into the dialysis catheter to prevent clotting and to maintain patency between dialysis sessions. A significant amount of citrate leaks from the catheter at the injection time, which decreases the blood ionized calcium concentration (Ca) due to chelation. We aimed to evaluate the local impact of concentrated (i.

Clinical practice recommendations for recurrence of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis/steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.

Recurrence of primary disease is one of the major risks for allograft loss after pediatric RTx. The risk of recurrence of FSGS/SRNS after pediatric RTx in particular can be up to 86% in idiopathic cases. There is a need for consensus recommendations on its prevention and treatment.

Growth Patterns After Kidney Transplantation in European Children Over the Past 25 Years: An ESPN/ERA-EDTA Registry Study.

Background: Improved management of growth impairment might have resulted in less growth retardation after pediatric kidney transplantation (KT) over time. We aimed to analyze recent longitudinal growth data after KT in comparison to previous eras, its determinants, and the association with transplant outcome in a large cohort of transplanted children using data from the European Society for Paediatric Nephrology/European Renal Association and European Dialysis and Transplant Association Registry.

Methods: A total of 3492 patients transplanted before 18 years from 1990 to 2012 were included.

Does Guidewire Exchange Influence Infection Rate Related to Catheters Used for Vascular Access in Children on Chronic Hemodialysis?

A central venous catheter (CVC) can either be inserted "de novo" or placed by guidewire exchange (GWE). From September 1998 to September 2015, 32 children (19 boys, 13 girls) were hemodialyzed in our unit by using a CVC. The mean age at CVC insertion was 12.

End-Stage Renal Disease in an Infant With Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome.

Hajdu-Cheney syndrome (HJCYS) is a rare, autosomal dominant, skeletal disorder caused by mutations in the NOTCH2 signaling pathway for which genetic testing has recently become available. Renal abnormalities are associated in at least 10% of cases. We present an 8-year-old Caucasian boy, born with multiple dysmorphic features consistent with HJCYS.

Post-Transplant Recurrence of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis in a Child With Heterozygous Mutations in NPHS1 and NPHS2.

Renal transplantation is the optimal renal replacement therapy (RRT) in children, but some primary diseases can recur after transplantation, and recurrence accounts for a significant proportion of graft losses, being second only to acute rejection. The risk of disease recurrence is highest among patients with idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), presumably due to a circulating permeability factor. Less is clear about the genetic forms of FSGS, where the data regarding the frequency of recurrence are rather conflicting.

Chronic Hemodialysis in Small Children.

When peritoneal dialysis is inapplicable, chronic hemodialysis (HD) becomes the only available treatment option in small children. Due to small patient size, central venous catheters (CVC) are mainly used for vascular access. Over the past 4 years, four children weighing less than 15 kg received chronic HD in our unit.

Vesicoureteral refux detection in children: a comparison of the midline-to-orifice distance measurement by ultrasound and voiding urosonography.

Background: Due to the questionable clinical role of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and the search for noninvasive, radiation-free procedures sufficiently reliable to detect VUR, we compared the correlation between the midline-to-orifice distance (MOD) measured by ultrasonography (US) and echo-enhanced voiding urosonography (VUS) for detecting VUR in children. The aim of the study was to determine whether measuring MOD by US could be a reliable predictor of VUR in children.

Methods: A total of 116 children, aged 0.

Adult height in patients with advanced CKD requiring renal replacement therapy during childhood.

Background And Objectives: Growth and final height are of major concern in children with ESRD. This study sought to describe the distribution of adult height of patients who started renal replacement therapy (RRT) during childhood and to identify determinants of final height in a large cohort of RRT children.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: A total of 1612 patients from 20 European countries who started RRT before 19 years of age and reached final height between 1990 and 2011 were included.

Fulminant peritonitis presumably caused by Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive Staphylococcus aureus in a girl on peritoneal dialysis.

Peritonitis is a significant complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and the most common cause of technique failure. Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), a cytotoxin produced by certain strains of Staphylococcus aureus (SA), causes destruction of neutrophils, and is associated with severe invasive infections. We present a 2.

A comparison of echo-enhanced voiding urosonography with X-ray voiding cystourethrography in the first year of life.

Background: Second-generation echo-enhanced voiding urosonography (VUS) with improved contrast-specific ultrasound (US) techniques is increasingly being used for vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) detection.

Aim: To compare VUS with X-ray voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) and to evaluate the predictive value of pelvicalyceal dilatation for detecting VUR in the first year of life.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-six children younger than one were investigated by US, VUS and VCUG.

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase T(-786)C polymorphism in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes and impaired endothelium-dependent dilatation.

Background/aims: This study aimed to investigate the association of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) polymorphisms with impaired endothelium-dependent dilatation (EDD) in a cohort of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Ninety-seven children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes underwent ultrasound assessment of EDD. The association of various factors with EDD was analyzed with multivariate linear regression analysis.