Publications by authors named "Nina Afsar"
Impact of upper airway obstruction management in Robin Sequence on need for myringotomy tubes.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol
May 2024
Objective: Investigate an association between upper airway obstruction (UAO) management in Robin Sequence (RS) and need for bilateral myringotomy and tubes (BMT).
Methods: Retrospective chart review of RS patients treated at a tertiary free-standing pediatric hospital from 1995 to 2020 was performed. Patients were grouped based on airway management: conservative, tracheostomy, tongue-lip adhesion (TLA), and mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO).
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on Robin sequence (RS), which causes upper airway obstruction due to micrognathia and glossoptosis, examining long-term natural decannulation (ND) outcomes in patients who underwent tracheostomy.
- Out of 144 RS patients treated, 36 were analyzed, revealing that 53% achieved ND at a median of 66.1 months, with higher rates noted in non-syndromic patients and earlier years (1995-2006).
- Factors like ethnicity, birthweight, and syndromic status were found to significantly influence ND likelihood, with lower rates in patients from 2007-2020, likely due to new management techniques being used in severe cases.
Article Synopsis
- * A preclinical trial evaluated the effects of two corticosteroids, vamorolone (dissociative) and prednisolone (conventional), on inflammation and organ dysfunction in sickle cell disease mice.
- * While both corticosteroids reduced inflammation and white blood cell counts, they also caused significant liver damage, highlighting possible risks of hepatic toxicity despite reduced inflammation in sickle cell disease patients.
TTF-1 is widely used as a marker in routine surgical pathology in the work-up of malignancy. Aberrant expression of TTF-1 in extrapulmonary and extrathyroidal malignancies is a frequently reported phenomenon. In addition to the recently characterized pituicyte-derived tumors of the sella, immunoreactivity has been reported in diffuse gliomas with the SPT24 clone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPatients with sickle cell disease (SCD) can have recurrent episodes of vaso-occlusive crises, which are associated with severe pain. While opioids are the mainstay of analgesic therapy, in some patients, increasing opioid use results in continued and increasing pain. Many believe that this phenomenon results from opioid-induced tolerance or hyperalgesia or that SCD pain involves non-opioid-responsive mechanisms.
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