Whip It Good: A Case of Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord.

A 40-year-old male patient with no significant past history presented to the emergency room with bilateral upper and lower extremity numbness and difficulty walking for three weeks. MRI of the thoracic spine revealed cord signal abnormalities in the dorsal columns consistent with selective degeneration. This was congruent with the patient's presentation and symptoms of myelopathy with dorsal column involvement along with peripheral polyneuropathy.

Loncastuximab Tesirine in the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Currently, a significant percentage of patients with DLBCL are refractory or relapse after a first line of immunochemotherapy. Second relapses after autologous stem cell transplantation or chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies present few treatment options and do not yield good results. New molecules have entered the immunotherapy arsenal.

Adaptive Capacity of a DNA Polymerase Clamp-loader ATPase Complex.

The ability of mutations to facilitate adaptation is central to evolution. To understand how mutations can lead to functional adaptation in a complex molecular machine, we created a defective version of the T4 clamp-loader complex, which is essential for DNA replication. This variant, which is ∼5,000-fold less active than the wild type, was made by replacing the catalytic domains with those from another phage.

Challenges with the use of Xpert HPV as a screening tool for oral HPV among people living with HIV (PLHIV): experiences from Pune, India.

Background: People living with HIV (PLHIV) are at higher risk for human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal cancers compared to the general population. Xpert HPV test is a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay capable of rapid HPV detection. Performing the assay requires minimal intervention by laboratory personnel.

A Hostile Environment: An Exploratory Study of Prelicensure Nursing Student Exposure to Patient Aggression.

Background: The literature regarding the increased risk of violence toward registered nurses and health care workers is plentiful; yet, data on prelicensure nursing student exposure to violent patient behaviors are limited and did not exist for the university's nursing program.

Purpose: The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine nursing student exposure to patient aggression or violent behavior in a prelicensure nursing program in the Midwestern United States.

Methods: The research design was an exploratory study using surveys completed by nursing students in their junior and senior years.

"Mobilizing our leaders": A multi-country qualitative study to increase the representation of women in global health leadership.

Women play an essential role in health care delivery, and it is vital that they have equal representation in health leadership for equity, innovation, and the strengthening of health systems globally. Yet women remain vastly underrepresented in global health leadership positions, providing a clear example of the deeply rooted power imbalances that are central to the calls to decolonize global health. We conducted a multi-country study in Haiti, Tanzania, India, and the USA to examine gender-based challenges to career advancement for women in the global health workforce.

Health care administration and drug policy.

The American healthcare system faces a potential reorganization of the way in which services are provided and financed. We argue that healthcare administrators need to be increasingly aware of the ways in which our nation's illicit drug policy, commonly referred to as the 'War on Drugs', affects the provision of health services. A large and growing portion of the US population uses one or more of the currently illegal drugs and some of these persons suffer from an addiction or other substance use disorder.

Fatal Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Post-COVID-19 Vaccination: A Rare Case Report.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a disease of the brain and spinal cord that is an immune-mediated inflammatory and demyelinating disorder, which is commonly preceded by an infection. Some reports have also shown the association of acute demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS) with vaccination. Primarily, the involvement of the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres, brain stem, and spinal cord is observed.

Virological failure among people living with HIV receiving second-line antiretroviral therapy in Pune, India.

Background: The number of people receiving second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) has increased as global access to ART has expanded. Data on the burden and factors associated with second-line ART virologic failure (VF) from India remain limited.

Methods: We conducted cross-sectional viral load (VL) testing among adults (≥ 18 years) who were registered at a publicly funded ART center in western India between 2014 and 2015 and had received second-line ART for at least 6 months.

Acquired Refractory Angioneurotic Edema in a Known Case of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

A woman came to the emergency room with swelling of the face, which included swelling around the lips and the eyes. The patient had undergone root canal treatment under lidocaine anesthesia one day prior, after which she developed swelling. Because angioneurotic edema was a possibility, the complement components C3 and C4 and C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) were tested.

Supernumerary Kidney (Triple Kidney) With Horseshoe Malformation: A Case Report.

The presence of an extra (third) kidney is an unusual congenital anomaly of the urinary system (US), having less than a hundred cases reported globally. Owing to the rare occurrence of this complex anomaly, the fused supernumerary kidney and horseshoe portion is very scarcely reported with unknown incidence. This paper presents a rare renal anomaly case of a fused supernumerary kidney with a horseshoe portion in a 41-year-old male who presented with fever, abdominal pain, and burning micturition.

Development of shortened HIV-related stigma scales for young people living with HIV and young people affected by HIV in India.

Background: HIV-related stigma is associated with poor quality of life and poor healthcare-seeking behaviours in young people living with HIV (YPLHIV) and young people affected by HIV (YPAHIV). India has an estimated 120,000 YPLHIV and 4 million YPAHIV, but efforts to measure HIV-related stigma in them are sparse, impeded by the lack of measuring instruments. Here, we describe the development of the Pune HIV-Stigma Scale (PHSS) and modified-PHSS to measure HIV-related stigma among YPLHIV and YPAHIV, respectively, in India.

Clinical and Immunological Markers of Pulmonary Impairment Among People With HIV in India.

Background: Despite antiretroviral therapy, chronic lung diseases remain an important source of morbidity and mortality in people with HIV (PWH). We sought to identify clinical and immunological markers of pulmonary impairment among PWH in India.

Methods: Two hundred ten adult PWH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) were prospectively evaluated for 3 years.

Smokeless tobacco use and oral potentially malignant disorders among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Pune, India: Implications for oral cancer screening in PLHIV.

Introduction: In India, smokeless tobacco (SLT) is a predominant form of tobacco used among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Despite SLT being a risk factor for oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), no prior studies have quantified the association of OPMDs with SLT use among PLHIV. This limits the planning of preventive and control strategies for oral cancer among PLHIV, who are at higher risk for the disease.

Inflammatory profile associated with insulin resistance in non-overweight versus overweight people living with HIV in Pune, Western India.

Background: People living with HIV have greater diabetes (T2DM) than the general population despite lower prevalence of overweight/obesity. Both insulin resistance (IR), a T2DM precursor, and HIV are independently associated with chronic inflammation. Inflammation may be a pathophysiological link explaining IR in people living with HIV who are not overweight but is not well understood.

Randomized Clinical Trial of High-Dose Rifampicin With or Without Levofloxacin Versus Standard of Care for Pediatric Tuberculous Meningitis: The TBM-KIDS Trial.

Background: Pediatric tuberculous meningitis (TBM) commonly causes death or disability. In adults, high-dose rifampicin may reduce mortality. The role of fluoroquinolones remains unclear.

Interleukin 6 and Its Correlation with COVID-19 in Terms of Outcomes in an Intensive Care Unit of a Rural Hospital:A Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Interleukin 6 (IL-6) encoded by the gene coded as IL 6 acts as a proinflammatory cytokine as well as an anti-inflammatory myokine. It is postulated that IL 6 is associated directly with the severity of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Another domain that is thought to predict the severity of COVID-19 is the neutrophil:lymphocyte (N:L) ratio; a higher N:L ratio is postulated to be related to more severe outcomes.

Depressed Motherhood: Prevalence and Covariates of Maternal Postpartum Depression among Urban Mothers in India.

Background: The prevalence of Postpartum Depression (PPD) in the world is estimated to range from 10 to 30%. In India, about 22% of mothers suffer from postpartum depression.

Purpose: Study objective is to examine the prevalence and covariates of postpartum depression among new mothers; and find the association between the indices of social support, partner support and attention shifting with experience of postpartum depression.

The burden of anxiety among people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pune, India.

Introduction: Globally, India has the third largest population of people living with HIV (PLHIV) and the second highest number of COVID-19 cases. Anxiety is associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) nonadherence. It is crucial to understand the burden of anxiety and its sources among Asian Indian PLHIV during the COVID pandemic, but data are limited.

Mental health and quality of life among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in India.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has placed healthcare professionals (HCP) in stressful circumstances with increased patient loads and a high risk of exposure. We sought to assess the mental health and quality of life (QoL) of Indian HCPs, the fourth highest-burden country for COVID-19.

Method: Using snowball sampling, we conducted an online survey in May 2020 among HCPs.

The burden of anxiety among people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pune, India.

Introduction: Globally, India has the third largest population of people living with HIV (PLHIV) and the second highest number of COVID-19 cases. Anxiety is associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) nonadherence. It is crucial to understand the burden of anxiety and its sources among Asian Indian PLHIV during the COVID pandemic, but data are limited.