Muscle activation of the upper trapezius and functional typing performance during computer typing task: A comparison of two different wrist immobilization methods.

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of two different wrist immobilization methods on the muscle activation of the upper trapezius muscle and functional typing performance during computer typing tasks in office workers.

Methods: The study was conducted on 11 healthy office workers. The study subjects were asked to type on a computer for 5 min (1) without splint or taping, (2) with a splint, (3) with rigid taping which limits the wrist flexion at the dominant side.

Primary dysmenorrhea and postural control: Is it a problem only during menstruation?

Background: The effects of the menstrual cycle and primary dysmenorrhea (PD) on phase-related cognitive and physical functions are controversial. This study was carried out to examine whether women with PD showed a different physical function or dual-tasking response than women without PD at times other than menstruation.

Methods: Women with or without PD were recruited for the study.