Catastrophic health expenditures for children with disabilities in Iran: A national survey.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the percentage of households with disabled children aged 0-8 years who had faced catastrophic health expenditures (CHEs) due to the health costs of these children in Iran.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 2000 households with disabled children aged 0-8 years in five provinces of Iran in 2020. Data were collected using the World Health Survey questionnaire and face-to-face interview.

Comparison of Iron alone and Zinc Plus Iron Supplementation Effect on the Clinical and Laboratory Features of Children with Iron Deficiency Anemia.

Childhood Iron deficiency anemia is one of the main health problems around the world especially underdeveloped countries. Supplementation with micronutrients specifically iron supplementation can be considered as a therapeutic strategy to prevent and treatment of this type of anemia. The aim of the present study is to compare the therapeutic effects of zinc plus iron and iron alone supplementation on the clinical and laboratory features of children with iron deficiency anemia referred to our Hospital in 2016.

The relationship between B7 homologous 1 with interleukin-4, interleukin-17 and interferon gamma in patients with allergic rhinitis.

: The etiology of allergic rhinitis includes an increase in cytokine levels, including IL- 4, IL-13, IL-17, and reduction in B7 homologous 1 (B7-H1) or programmed cell death-1 ligand-1 (PD-L1), a new member of the CD28: B7 stimulant molecule family. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between cytokines and PD-L1. : In this experimental study, 80 patients with allergic rhinitis were enrolled according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.