Development and Statistical Optimization of Solid Lipid Nanoparticle Formulations of Fluticasone Propionate.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop fluticasone propionate (FP)-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) formulations by using factorial design approach.

Materials And Methods: Tristearin percentages (X1) (1%, 2%, and 4%) and homogenization cycles (X2) (2, 4, and 8 cycles) were selected as independent variables in the factorial design. SLN formulations were optimized by multiple linear regression (MLR) to evaluate the influence of the selected process and formulation independent variables on SLNs' characteristics, namely as encapsulation efficiency (Q1) and particle size (Q2).

QbD guided early pharmaceutical development study: Production of lipid nanoparticles by high pressure homogenization for skin cancer treatment.

This research attempts to bring together the positive aspects of lipid nanoparticles and Quality by Design (QbD) approach for developing a novel drug delivery system for skin cancers and aktinic keratosis. Lipid nanoparticles which is one of the most efficacious options for topical treatment of skin diseases were prepared due to their ability to overcome the complex structure of skin barrier and to enhance the skin penetration. Since the formulation development contains complex variables of active ingredients, raw materials or production method; all the variables of the product should be elaborated.

Development of a HILIC method for the determination of 5-fluorouracil from nano drug delivery systems and rat skin extracts.

This is the first report in literature using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) in combination with diode array detector (DAD) for stability indicating determination of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) from its bulk form, pharmaceutical preparations, developed solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) and nano structured lipid carrier (NLC) drug delivery systems as well as the rat skin extracts. The separation was performed at 45 °C, on Sequant Zic HILIC (250 mm × 4.60 mm ID, 5 μm, 200 A), peek HPLC column.

Novel Drug Delivery System for Dermal Uptake of Etofenamate: Semisolid SLN Dispersion.

Background: Semisolid SLNs are novel strategy for dermal drug administration instead of incorporating the SLN dispersions into conventional semisolids. Etofenamate loaded semisolid SLNs were successfully prepared and in vitro characterization of formulations were performed in our previous study. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the dermal behavior of the semisolid SLNs selected on the basis of previous research and investigate the properties in terms of the convenience for topical applications.

Quality by design case study 1: Design of 5-fluorouracil loaded lipid nanoparticles by the W/O/W double emulsion - Solvent evaporation method.

With Quality by Design (QbD), a systematic approach involving design and development of all production processes to achieve the final product with a predetermined quality, you work within a design space that determines the critical formulation and process parameters. Verification of the quality of the final product is no longer necessary. In the current study, the QbD approach was used in the preparation of lipid nanoparticle formulations to improve skin penetration of 5-Fluorouracil, a widely-used compound for treating non-melanoma skin cancer.

Skin Localization of Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN/NLC): Focusing the Influence of Formulation Parameters.

Background: In this study, fluorescein labeled SLN and NLC formulations were prepared for improving the dermal distribution of the hydrophilic active ingredients and for enhancing the skin penetration.

Methods: To determine skin distribution of the lipid nanoparticles ex-vivo penetration/ permeation experiments were performed using full thickness rat skin by means of Franz diffusion cells. Studies on the localization of fluorescence labeled nanoparticles were performed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).

An objective analysis of sebum, pH and moisture levels of the external ear canal skin.

Objective: To determine sebum, pH and moisture levels of external ear canal skin, and compare the patients who complain of ear itching and the normal population for these parameters. And evaluate the improvement subjectively in the ones given dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP) cream or placebo-water in oil emulsion type cream, and to determine the changes in sebum, pH and moisture levels after the treatment.

Methods: 32 females with the complaint of isolated external ear canal itching and 42 healthy women were included in this randomized prospective controlled study.

Development of etofenamate-loaded semisolid sln dispersions and evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity for topical application.

Dermal application of various active substances is widely preferred for topical or systemic delivery. SLNs consist of biocompatible and non-toxic lipids and have a great potential for topical application in drugs. In this study, semisolid SLN formulations were successfully prepared by a novel one-step production method as a topical delivery system of etofenamate, an anti-inflammatory drug.

Microparticulate based topical delivery system of clobetasol propionate.

Psoriasis is a chronic, autoimmune skin disease affecting approximately 2% of the world's population. Clobetasol propionate which is a superpotent topical corticosteroid is widely used for topical treatment of psoriasis. Conventional dosage forms like creams and ointments are commonly prefered for the therapy.

Use of cyclodextrins as a cosmetic delivery system for fragrance materials: linalool and benzyl acetate.

The aim of this study was to increase the stability and water solubility of fragrance materials, to provide controlled release of these compounds, and to convert these substances from liquid to powder form by preparing their inclusion complexes with cyclodextrins (CDs). For this purpose, linalool and benzyl acetate were chosen as the fragrance materials. The use of beta-cyclodextrin (beta CD) and 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (2-HP beta CD) for increasing the solubility of these 2 fragrance materials was studied.

Preparation and characterization of poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic Acid) microspheres containing flurbiprofen sodium.

This study aimed to prepare biodegradable microspheres containing flurbiprofen sodium, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), as the drug delivery system to the periodontal pocket. Microspheres were prepared from biodegradable copolymers of poly (D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) using solvent evaporation method. The effects of the different copolymers and amounts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a dispersing agent on characteristics of the microspheres were evaluated.