Assessing regulatory violations of disinfection by-products in water distribution networks using a non-compliance potential index.

Inactivating pathogens is essential to eradicate waterborne diseases. However, disinfection forms undesirable disinfection by-products (DBPs) in the presence of natural organic matter. Many regulations and guidelines exist to limit DBP exposure for eliminating possible health impacts such as bladder cancer, reproductive effects, and child development effects.

Evaluation of source water protection strategies: a fuzzy-based model.

Source water protection (SWP) is an important step in the implementation of a multi-barrier approach that ensures the delivery of safe drinking water. Available decision-making models for SWP primarily use complex mathematical formulations that require large data sets to perform analysis, which limit their use. Moreover, most of them cannot handle interconnection and redundancy among the parameters, or missing information.

Optimizing booster chlorination in water distribution networks: a water quality index approach.

The optimization of chlorine dosage and the number of booster locations is an important aspect of water quality management in distribution networks. Booster chlorination helps to maintain uniformity and adequacy of free residual chlorine concentration, essential for safeguarding against microbiological contamination. Higher chlorine dosages increase free residual chlorine concentration but generate harmful by-products, in addition to taste and odor complaints.