Septic shock upon admission to pediatric intensive care units: prognostic analysis of mortality in a retrospective cohort.

Background: Septic shock is a common cause of admission to pediatric intensive care units (PICU) and is associated with significant mortality. Our objective was to analyze the association between septic shock diagnosis at PICU admission and mortality during hospitalization.

Method: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in the PICU of Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins (HNERM) in Lima, Peru, from January 2018 to December 2021.

Examining the impact of a 9-component bundle and the INICC multidimensional approach on catheter-associated urinary tract infection rates in 32 countries across Asia, Eastern Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East.

Background: Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTIs) frequently occur in the intensive care unit (ICU) and are correlated with a significant burden.

Methods: We implemented a strategy involving a 9-element bundle, education, surveillance of CAUTI rates and clinical outcomes, monitoring compliance with bundle components, feedback of CAUTI rates and performance feedback. This was executed in 299 ICUs across 32 low- and middle-income countries.

Incidence and risk factors for catheter-associated urinary tract infection in 623 intensive care units throughout 37 Asian, African, Eastern European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern nations: A multinational prospective research of INICC.

Objective: To identify urinary catheter (UC)-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) incidence and risk factors.

Design: A prospective cohort study.

Setting: The study was conducted across 623 ICUs of 224 hospitals in 114 cities in 37 African, Asian, Eastern European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern countries.

Assessing the impact of a multidimensional approach and an 8-component bundle in reducing incidences of ventilator-associated pneumonia across 35 countries in Latin America, Asia, the Middle East, and Eastern Europe.

Background: Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) occurring in the intensive care unit (ICU) are common, costly, and potentially lethal.

Methods: We implemented a multidimensional approach and an 8-component bundle in 374 ICUs across 35 low and middle-income countries (LMICs) from Latin-America, Asia, Eastern-Europe, and the Middle-East, to reduce VAP rates in ICUs. The VAP rate per 1000 mechanical ventilator (MV)-days was measured at baseline and during intervention at the 2nd month, 3rd month, 4-15 month, 16-27 month, and 28-39 month periods.

Development of a Randomized Trial Comparing ICP-Monitor-Based Management of Severe Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury to Management Based on Imaging and Clinical Examination Without ICP Monitoring-Research Algorithms.

Background And Objectives: The efficacy of our current approach to incorporating intracranial pressure (ICP) data into pediatric severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) management is incompletely understood, lacking data from multicenter, prospective, randomized studies. The National Institutes of Health-supported Benchmark Evidence from Latin America-Treatment of Raised Intracranial Pressure-Pediatrics trial will compare outcomes from pediatric sTBI of a management protocol based on ICP monitoring vs 1 based on imaging and clinical examination without monitoring. Because no applicable comprehensive management algorithms for either cohort are available, it was necessary to develop them.

Prospective cohort study of incidence and risk factors for catheter-associated urinary tract infections in 145 intensive care units of 9 Latin American countries: INICC findings.

Purpose: Identify urinary catheter (UC)-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) incidence and risk factors (RF) in Latin American Countries.

Methods: From 01/01/2014 to 02/10/2022, we conducted a prospective cohort study in 145 ICUs of 67 hospitals in 35 cities in nine Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, and Peru. To estimate CAUTI incidence, we used the number of UC-days as the denominator, and the number of CAUTIs as numerator.

Development of a Randomized Trial Comparing ICP-Monitor-Based Management of Severe Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury to Management Based on Imaging and Clinical Examination Without ICP Monitoring-Study Protocol.

Background And Objectives: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major global public health problem. It is a leading cause of death and disability in children and adolescents worldwide. Although increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is common and associated with death and poor outcome after pediatric TBI, the efficacy of current ICP-based management remains controversial.

Multinational prospective study of incidence and risk factors for central-line-associated bloodstream infections in 728 intensive care units of 41 Asian, African, Eastern European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern countries over 24 years.

Objective: To identify central-line (CL)-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) incidence and risk factors in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Design: From July 1, 1998, to February 12, 2022, we conducted a multinational multicenter prospective cohort study using online standardized surveillance system and unified forms.

Setting: The study included 728 ICUs of 286 hospitals in 147 cities in 41 African, Asian, Eastern European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern countries.

Association between pre-bronchoscopy time of illness and post-bronchoscopy discharge time in pediatric patients with foreign body aspiration: retrospective cohort study in a Peruvian referral center, 2014-2019.

Objective.: To determine the association between pre-bronchoscopy time of illness and post-bronchoscopy discharge time in pediatric patients with foreign body aspiration.

Materials And Methods.

Comparative changes in emergency department patient attendance at the pediatric emergency hospital during the first wave between 2019 and 2020.

The COVID-19 pandemic changed the pattern of patient attendance at healthcare facilities. We describe the comparative changes in the attendance of pediatric patients at the Emergency Department of the Pediatric Emergency Hospital of Lima, Peru, between epidemiological weeks 10 to 48 of 2019 and 2020. Sociodemographic data, patient condition, type of insurance and diagnosis grouped according to ICD-10 code were analyzed.

Von Hippel-Lindau disease with extramedullary and pancreatic involvement.

We report a patient with Von Hippel-Lindau disease who presented with an intradural extramedullary hemangioblastoma as a primary manifestation.

[Asociation between fluid overload and mortality in pediatric patients in the intensive care unit].

Objective: To assess the association between fluid overload (FO) and other risk fac tors in the mortality of patients admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU).

Patients And Method: A historical cohort study was conducted. Pediatric patients older than one month and younger than 18 years who were hospitalized in the PICU for more than 48 hours during 2016 were included.

Successful Treatment of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis Using a Novel Therapeutic Regimen Including Miltefosine and Voriconazole.

The genus Naegleria consists of free-living amoebae widely distributed worldwide in soil and freshwater habitats. Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is an uncommon and most likely fatal disease. The incubation period is approximately 7 days.

Impact of Early Enteral Nutrition on the Hospital Stay of Pediatric Patients Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation.

Early initiation of enteral nutrition (EN) in pediatrics has been associated with improved clinical outcomes in critically ill pediatric patients. This research study aimed to measure the effect of early EN in intubated children on the length of stay (LOS) and days of mechanical ventilation (DMV). A retrospective cohort observational study was performed on patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Risk factors for extubation failure in the intensive care unit.

Objective: To determine the risk factors for extubation failure in the intensive care unit.

Methods: The present case-control study was conducted in an intensive care unit. Failed extubations were used as cases, while successful extubations were used as controls.

Successful Management of Chylothorax With Etilefrine: Case Report in 2 Pediatric Patients.

Chylothorax is defined as the accumulation of chyle within the pleural space. Originally described in 1917 by Pisek, it is the most common cause of pleural effusion in the neonatal period. The leading cause of chylothorax is laceration of the thoracic duct during surgery, which occurs in 0.

Anticholinergic toxicity in a one-year-old male following ingestion of Lupinus mutabilis seeds: case report.

Context: The seeds from Lupinus mutabilis Sweet, also called "chocho", are an important part of the diet in several countries in South America. Prior to consumption, processing is required to remove toxic alkaloids. These alkaloids are known to have pharmacological properties as antiarrhythmics, antimuscarinics and hypoglycemics.

Risk factors associated to hospital mortality in patients with acute kidney injury on hemodialysis.

Introduction: The worldwide incidence of acute kidney injury is 18% and the overall hospital mortality can rise above 50%. In Peru, there are few series about mortality of acute kidney injury in hemodialysis patients.

Objectives: To identify risk factors associated to hospital mortality of acute kidney injury in hemodialysis patients.

[Non-fatal case of H1n1 influenza encephalopathy in a pediatric patient].

A 2-year-old girl presented with fever, catarrhal symptoms, and focal right hemispheric seizures that persisted and led to signs of intracranial hypertension. An influenza A H1N1 infection was confirmed via polymerase chain reaction analysis of a nasopharyngeal swab. The patient, who was not treated with oseltamavir, has responded favorably to supportive measures.