Patients with neuromyelitis optica have a more severe disease than patients with relapsingremitting multiple sclerosis, including higher risk of dying of a demyelinating disease.

Unlabelled: Although neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is known to be a more severe disease than relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), few studies comparing both conditions in a single center have been done.

Methods: Comparison of our previously published cohort of 41 NMO patients with 177 RRMS patients followed in the same center, from 1994 to 2007.

Results: Mean age of onset was 32.

Neuromyelitis optica treatment: analysis of 36 patients.

Objective: To analyze treatment response in Brazilian patients with neuromyelitis optica.

Design: Retrospective review.

Setting: Neuroimmunology Clinic of the Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

White matter spectroscopy in neuromyelitis optica: a case control study.

Background: Naa/Cr ratio in normal appearing white matter (NAWM) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is altered beyond plaques, suggesting early axonal loss, and correlates to clinical disability. Brain lesions not typical of MS have been described in Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), and correspond to brain aquaporin-4 channel sites, but the evaluation of Naa/Cr ratio in NAWM of patients with NMO and its association to the presence of brain lesions and clinical disability have not been described.

Objectives: To evaluate the Naa/Cr of normal appearing white matter (NAWM) in 16 patients with NMO compared to healthy controls.

Neuromyelitis optica: brain abnormalities in a Brazilian cohort.

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a demyelinating disease consisting of relapsing-remitting optic neuritis and myelitis with a more severe course than Multiple Sclerosis. Recently, it has been shown that almost 50% of patients with NMO can have brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities. We report on six Brazilian patients with NMO, fulfilling the 1999 Wingerchuck criteria for this disease, with abnormal brain MRI and discuss their clinical and radiological features.