The Effects of Hospital Delivery Volume and Travel Time on Perinatal Mortality and Delivery in Transit: Causal Inference with Triangulation.

Background: Hospital regionalization involves balancing hospital volume and travel time. We investigated how hospital volume and travel time affect perinatal mortality and the risk of delivery in transit using three different study designs.

Methods: This nationwide cohort study used data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway (1999-2016) and Statistics Norway.

General practitioners' attitudes and practices regarding sick leave certification for patients with depression in Norway - a cross-sectional study.

Background: Depression is among the most frequent reasons for sick leave, whereas health authorities recommend a rather strict practice, arguing that work is health-promoting. We aimed to explore GPs' attitudes and practices regarding sick leave certification for depressed patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study using the Norwegian Physician Survey (N = 1617, 70% response rate) in 2021.

Is home environment associated with child fluid reasoning abilities in middle childhood in high-risk settings? findings from a cross-sectional study in Pakistan.

Background: Evidence from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) suggests that home environment is associated with early childhood development outcomes. However, studies from LMIC that have examined how the home environment during middle childhood is associated with intellectual abilities are scarce. The objective of the study was to explore the association between different aspects of the home environment at 7-8 years and fluid reasoning abilities in a rural, high-risk cohort in Pakistan.

Palliative Radiation Treatment in Patients Managed With Advanced/Interventional Pain Therapy such as Pump-delivered Continuous Opioids.

Background/aim: The study aim was to analyze the feasibility and efficacy of palliative radiotherapy in patients receiving advanced/interventional pain therapy, such as epidural or spinal anesthesia or subcutaneous pump delivery of opioids. Endpoints such as pain relief, treatment in the last month of life and survival were evaluated.

Patients And Methods: Different baseline parameters including but not limited to age and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) were assessed.

General practitioners retiring or relocating and its association with healthcare use and mortality: a cohort study using Norwegian national data.

Background: Continuity in the general practitioner (GP)-patient relationship is associated with better healthcare outcomes. However, few studies have examined the impact of permanent discontinuities on all listed patients when a GP retires or relocates.

Aim: To investigate changes in the Norwegian population's overall healthcare use and mortality after discontinuity due to Regular GPs retiring or relocating.

Gatekeeping and referral of patients holding private health insurance: a survey among general practitioners in Norway.

Objective: Private health insurance is becoming more common in Norway. The aim of this study was to investigate GPs' opinions on private health insurance, and their experiences from consultations where health insurance can affect decisions about referring.

Design: A web based cross-sectional survey.

Developmental trajectories of conduct problems and time-varying peer problems: the Bergen child study.

Background: While it is increasingly acknowledged that conduct problems and peer problems often co-occur in development, less is known about the ways in which peer problems may alter the developmental course of conduct problems for distinct subgroups.

Methods: Using data from a large population-based study in Norway (the Bergen Child Study/youth@hordaland; 47.4% males), we estimated group-based trajectories of conduct problems and the presence of time-varying peer problems on the developmental progression of conduct problems between seven and 19 years of age.

Parental unemployment and educational outcomes in late adolescence: the importance of family cohesion, parental education, and family income in a Norwegian study.

Aims: The study aimed to investigate the association between parental unemployment and grade point average and school completion in adolescence, and the importance of family cohesion, parental education, and family income in explaining these associations.

Methods: Data stem from the Norwegian cross-sectional 2012 youth@hordaland-survey including 8437 adolescents (53.4% girls).

Secular trends in mental health problems among young people in Norway: a review and meta-analysis.

There is a growing concern that the mental health of recent generations of youth is deteriorating, yet the etiology of these secular changes is not fully understood. We aimed to review the evidence on trends in mental health problems among young people in Norway. Seven large-scale repeated cross-sectional studies were included in this study, comprising 35 cross-sectional data collections between 1992 and 2019, with a total sample of 776,606 young people.

Prospective associations between adolescent risky substance use and school dropout and the role of externalising and internalising problems.

The aim of the present study was to assess to what extent risky substance use (RSU) acts as an important risk factor for school dropout from upper secondary school in a prospective study of Norwegian adolescents, and how externalising and internalising mental health problems influenced this association. We used data from a large population-based survey (the youth@hordaland-survey), which included adolescents aged 16-19 years. The predictor variables were self-reported RSU.

Associations Between Distinct Trauma Classes and Mental Health Care Utilization in Norwegian Adolescents: A National Registry Study.

Adolescents who experience potentially traumatic experiences (PTEs) have an increased risk of psychopathology. PTEs often co-occur and may form interrelated patterns of exposure. This study investigated underlying classes of PTE exposure among Norwegian adolescent participants in the youth@hordaland study, and whether such classes were associated with contact with child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) and psychiatric diagnoses.

Protective factors associated with resilience among unaccompanied refugee minors after settling in Norway: a matched cross-sectional study.

This study aimed to examine protective factors associated with resilience among unaccompanied refugee minors in comparison to their Norwegian peers and to examine associations between resilience factors and characteristics related to positive outcomes among unaccompanied minors. Data stem from the Pathways to Independence study conducted in Bergen municipality, Norway in 2018-2019 where 81 unaccompanied minors aged 15-20 participated (83.3% male; 80% response rate).

Using machine learning to assess the extent of busy ambulances and its impact on ambulance response times: A retrospective observational study.

Background: Ambulance response times are considered important. Busy ambulances are common, but little is known about their effect on response times.

Objective: To assess the extent of busy ambulances in Central Norway and their impact on ambulance response times.

Parental separation, negative life events and mental health problems in adolescence.

Background: Parental separation is associated with mental health problems in adolescence. One suggested pathway for this association is through the accumulated exposure to stress and other negative life events. This study aimed to document the distribution of negative life events among adolescents with separated compared to non-separated parents, and to assess the direct and interactive associations between parental separation, negative life events, and mental health problems in adolescence.

Preterm birth and the risk of multimorbidity in adolescence: a multiregister-based cohort study.

Background: Multimorbidity affects people of all ages, but the risk factors of multimorbidity in adolescence are unclear. The aim of this study was to examine preterm birth (<37 weeks) as a shared risk factor for multiple health outcomes and the role of gestational age (degree of prematurity) in the development of increasingly complex multimorbidity (two, three, or four health outcomes) in adolescence (age 10-18 years).

Methods: We used population-wide data from Finland (1 187 610 adolescents born 1987-2006) and Norway (555 431 adolescents born 1998-2007).

Sleep and childhood maltreatment: A matched-control study of sleep characteristics in Norwegian 16-19-year-olds.

Sleep problems are an important but understudied health problem in adolescents exposed to childhood maltreatment. The current study aimed to examine sleep characteristics and insomnia in a population with maltreatment history and compare them to a general population sample of adolescents. Data from a sample of Norwegian 16-19-year-old adolescents with childhood maltreatment experiences (n = 62) were linked to an age- and sex-matched general population sample (n = 238).

Gestational age at birth and hospitalisations for infections among individuals aged 0-50 years in Norway: a longitudinal, register-based, cohort study.

Background: Preterm birth is associated with increased risk of childhood infections. Whether this risk persists into adulthood is unknown and limited information is available on risk patterns across the full range of gestational ages.

Methods: In this longitudinal, register-based, cohort study, we linked individual-level data on all individuals born in Norway (January 01, 1967-December 31, 2016) to nationwide hospital data (January 01, 2008-December 31, 2017).

Sleep and dropout from upper secondary school: A register-linked study.

Objective: The present study investigates the association between sleep in late adolescence and completion of upper secondary school.

Methods: The data are drawn from the youth@hordaland study, a large population-based study conducted in 2012, linked with official educational data in Norway (N = 8838).

Results: High school dropout was more prevalent among adolescents who had insomnia (20.

General practitioners ending their practice and impact on patients' health, healthcare use and mortality: a protocol for national registry cohort studies in Norway, 2008 to 2021.

Introduction: Continuous general practitioner (GP) and patient relations associate with positive health outcomes. Termination of GP practice is unavoidable, while consequences of final breaks in relations are less explored. We will study how an ended GP relation affects patient's healthcare utilisation and mortality compared with patients with a continuous GP relation.

Trends in physical health complaints among adolescents from 2014 - 2019: Considering screen time, social media use, and physical activity.

The rising rates of physical and mental health complaints among adolescents observed in many countries have coincided with an increased time spent on screen-based devices, including social media use. We sought to document recent trends in physical health complaints (PHC) and whether co-occurring trends in screen time, social media use, and physical activity may account for these trends. To achieve these aims, we used data from the nationwide Ungdata surveys conducted annually at the municipality level in Norway, comprising 419,934 adolescents aged 13-18 from six survey years (2014-2019).

Parental separation and school dropout in adolescence.

Aims: To document the association between parental separation and school dropout in adolescence and to examine the factors that may potentially account for this association.

Methods: Data stem from the large youth@hordaland study that was linked to the Norwegian National Educational Database to obtain objective measures of educational outcomes and disposable income ( = 8323). Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between parental separation and school dropout.