Intravenous Paracetamol vs Intranasal Desmopressin for Renal Colic in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the analgesic efficacy of intranasal desmopressin alone vs intravenous paracetamol in patients referred to the emergency department with renal colic.

Design: Randomized clinical trial.

Setting: This study was conducted in the emergency unit of a university hospital.

Efficacy of Half-length vs. Standard-sized Short Arm splint in Soft Tissue Injuries of the Hand and Wrist: a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Hand and wrist soft tissue injuries are common orthopedic problems that are traditionally treated with short arm splint, which covers the forearm to 1 cm distal to the elbow crease.

Objective: The present study was conducted to compare the treatment efficacy of traditional standard-size splint with half-length short arm splint.

Method: In this randomized, controlled, clinical trial, patients with hand and wrist soft tissue injuries were randomly assigned to two groups.

Diagnostic accuracy of emergency-performed focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) in blunt abdominal trauma.

Introduction: Intra-abdominal hemorrhage due to blunt abdominal trauma is a major cause of trauma-related mortality. Therefore, any action taken for facilitating the diagnosis of intra-abdominal hemorrhage could save the lives of patients more effectively. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) performed by emergency physicians.

The association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and recurrent falls in the elderly population: a cohort study.

Introduction: Serum vitamin D concentration is a major contributing factor for increasing the risk of fall and fall-related injuries in older adults. However, when prescribed and supplemented for these populations, the outcomes are controversial, and in several cases no improvement has been reported in reducing the risk of recurrent falls. This study aimed to examine the association between serum vitamin D concentration and recurrent falls in Iranian older adults.

Azithromycin versus Cephalexin for Simple Traumatic Wounds in the Emergency Department: A Randomised Trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate efficacy of azithromycin versus cephalexin for infection prophylaxisis in patients with simple traumatic wounds managed at emergency department.

Method: This randomized controlled trial compared short-course therapy of once-daily azithromycin (500 mg before the wound repair followed by 250 mg/day for 5 days) with cephalexin (1000 mg before wound repair followed by 250 mg every 6 hours for 5 days) in the treatment of patients with simple traumatic wounds. A total of 366 patients were randomly selected for the study and 303 were evaluated for the final analysis.

Randomized, controlled trial of povidone-iodine to reduce simple traumatic wound infections in the emergency department.

Introduction: Povidone Iodine (PVI) has been used to prevent wound infection for a long time, yet the merits and effectiveness of this agent in reducing the rates of infection in simple traumatic wounds have been debated. The aim of this study is determine the effect of PVI as skin disinfectant in preventing simple traumatic wound infection after repair in emergency departments.

Methods: This study is a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial, conducted at the emergency departments of two university hospitals.

Alterations in Circulating Adhesion Molecules in Acute Myocardial Infarction before and after Thrombolysis with Streptokinase.

Introduction: The role of adhesion molecules in the development and progression of coronary atherosclerosis is inevitable. It is not clear yet whether these molecules increase or decrease in level after thrombolytic therapy. This study was designed to compare concentrations of soluble forms of adhesion molecules in patients with acute myocardial infarction before and after reperfusion by thrombolysis with streptokinase (SK).