Impact of telephonic interviews on persistence and daily adherence to insulin treatment in insulin-naïve type 2 diabetes patients: dropout study.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of sequential telephonic interviews on treatment persistence and daily adherence to insulin injections among insulin-naïve type 2 diabetes patients initiated on different insulin regimens in a 3-month period.

Methods: A total of 1,456 insulin-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes (mean [standard deviation, SD] age: 56.0 [12.

Gynaecomastia in a man and hyperoestrogenism in a woman due to ingestion of nettle (Urtica dioica).

Nettle (Urtica dioica) is commonly sold as a herbal tea in Turkey. We report a case of gynaecomastia in a man (in which the only aetiologic factor identified was nettle tea consumption) and a case of galactorrhoea in a woman (in which the only aetiologic factor identified was also nettle tea ingestion).

Coronary flow reserve is impaired in subclinical hypothyroidism.

Objective: Although the cardiovascular system is highly sensitive to thyroid hormones, the cardiovascular effects of subtle thyroid dysfunction such as subclinical hypothyroidism (SHT) remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated coronary flow reserve (CFR) reflecting coronary microvascular function in patients with SHT.

Methods: Fifty subjects with SHT and 30 control subjects with normal serum thyroid hormones and TSH levels were included in this study.

The effect of single-dose orlistat on postprandial serum glucose, insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 levels in nondiabetic obese patients.

Objective: Glucagon-like peptide-1 is an insulin secretion-stimulating gut hormone that is produced in response to food intake. Orlistat (Xenical, F. Hoffman-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland), which decreases fat absorption and increases intestinal fat content, may therefore affect the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1.

Effects of metformin or rosiglitazone on serum concentrations of homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: Metformin is widely used in patients with type 2 diabetes but may decrease vitamin B(12) levels and increase levels of homocysteine (Hcy), a cardiovascular risk factor. Rosiglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist, may reduce markers of inflammation. We investigated whether 6 weeks' treatment with metformin or rosiglitazone affects serum concentrations of Hcy, folate, or vitamin B(12) in subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes compared with controls.

Management of infracentimetric thyroid nodules with respect to ultrasonographic features.

An assumed indolent course of thyroid microcarcinomas and concerns about the cost-effectiveness of treatment raise management issues. As various studies have reported controversial results, management remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the use of ultrasonography (US) in detecting malignancies in a series of 589 infracentimetric nodules.

Surgery for hyperthyroidism in Down syndrome: case report.

Thyroid disorders are common in patients with Down syndrome (DS). In these patients, hyperthyroidism occurs much less frequently than hypothyroidism, but it is likely to be underestimated. We report a case of an adult man with DS and hyperthyroidism.

Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy and ultrasonographic features of infracentimetric nodules in patients with nodular goiter: correlation with pathological findings.

We evaluated the usefulness of ultrasound-guided fine-needle-aspiration biopsy (US-FNAB) for infracentimetric nodules. In addition, we used sonography to assess the risk of malignancy of thyroid nodules, and we evaluated the extent of disease in infracentimetric cancers. The cytopathological results of 472 US-FNABs from 207 nodular goiter patients (170 women, 37 men; mean age, 51.

Epidural anaesthesia restores pancreatic microcirculation and decreases the severity of acute pancreatitis.

Aim: To investigate the effect of epidural anaesthesia (EA) on pancreatic microcirculation during acute pancreatitis (AP).

Methods: AP was induced by injection of sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct of Sprague-Dawley rats. To realize EA, a catheter was introduced into the epidural space between T7 and T9 and bupivacaine was injected.

Silent pituitary macroadenoma co-secreting growth hormone and thyroid stimulating hormone.

Silent pituitary adenomas are a group of tumors showing heterogenous morphological features with no hormonal function observed clinically. To date no explanation has been provided as to why these tumors remain "silent". We report a case of a silent macroadenoma with both growth hormone (GH) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) staining and secretion but with no clinical manifestations, in particular, the absence of features of acromegaly or hyperthyroidism.

Alveolar gas exchange in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The present study has been conducted to quantify and compare the capacity of gas exchange in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and healthy controls and also to investigate the effects of various factors on alveolar capillary permeability. A total of 37 subjects, 25 patients with DM and 12 healthy controls were recruited for the study. All the participants were evaluated with simple spirometric tests and simple breath carbonmonoxide (CO) diffusion test (DLCO).

High prevalence of diabetes in Adana, a southern province of Turkey.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of diabetes and glucose intolerance and their relationship with risk factors in Adana, a southern province of Turkey, where risk factors are more prominent, probably because of social and economic reasons.

Research Design And Methods: The study population included 1637 randomly selected adults aged 20-79 years. Diagnosis of diabetes was based on plasma glucose values using the 1999 diagnostic criteria recommended by the World Health Organization.

Helicobacter pylori has no effect on plasma ghrelin levels.

Objective: Helicobacter pylori is the major etiologic agent for chronic active gastritis, and it also plays a crucial role in gastric and duodenal ulcer disease, as well as in gastric carcinoma. H. pylori infection has been shown to decrease plasma somatostatin (SST) and increase plasma gastrin concentrations.