Identification of Molecular and Genetic Resistance Mechanisms in a Candida auris Isolate in a Tertiary Care Center in Türkiye.

Background: Candida auris is a multidrug-resistant pathogen that causes nosocomial outbreaks and high mortality. We conducted this study to investigate the molecular mechanisms of antifungal resistance in our clinical isolate of C. auris with a high level of resistance to three main classes of antifungals.

Nosocomial infection of C. auris in COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit in Türkiye and Phylogenetic Analysis of Isolates.

Background: The difficulties in the identification of C. auris and the delays in the implementation of infection control precautions contribute to outbreaks. This study analyzed 10 patients with COVID-19 and C.

Cryptococcus meningitis presented with multiple cerebral infarcts in an immunocompetent patient.

is generally observed with immunosuppressive conditions. Rarely, it may be seen in immunocompetent individuals and presented with non-specific conditions. We described an immunocompetent case of cryptococcal meningitis presented with multiple cerebral infarcts.

[Distribution of Yeast Species Isolated from Blood Cultures for a Six Year Period in Turkey: a Multicentre Study].

Bloodstream infections due to yeast species especially Candida spp. have been reported to be important healthcare associated infections with high mortality and morbidity rates. Candidemia causes prolonged hospital stays as well as increased cost.

Genotypes and population genetics of cryptococcus neoformans and cryptococcus gattii species complexes in Europe and the mediterranean area.

A total of 476 European isolates (310 Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii, 150 C. neoformans var.

Fundamental niche prediction of the pathogenic yeasts Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii in Europe.

Fundamental niche prediction of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii in Europe is an important tool to understand where these pathogenic yeasts have a high probability to survive in the environment and therefore to identify the areas with high risk of infection. In this study, occurrence data for C. neoformans and C.

Risk factors, characteristics, and outcomes of candidemia in an adult intensive care unit in Turkey.

Thirty-six patients with candidemia and 37 control patients were included consecutively to determine the characteristics of candidemia episodes. The patients with candidemia had higher mortality with higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores and frequency of use of a central venous catheter, total parenteral nutrition, and broad-spectrum antibiotics; chronic renal failure with replacement therapy; and longer stay in an intensive care unit. Candida albicans was the predominant species followed by Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, and Candida parapsilosis.

Postoperative keratitis due to : a rare pediatric case.

Fungal infections like have emerged in childhood recently. The diagnosis and treatment of is difficult and the outcome is usually poor. Corneal culture should be performed on fungal media such as Sabouraud glucose neopeptone agar (SDA) as soon as possible for diagnosis.

Environmental distribution of Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii around the Mediterranean basin.

In order to elucidate the distribution of Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii in the Mediterranean basin, an extensive environmental survey was carried out during 2012-2015. A total of 302 sites located in 12 countries were sampled, 6436 samples from 3765 trees were collected and 5% of trees were found to be colonized by cryptococcal yeasts.

[Morphotyping, genotyping and investigation of some virulence factors in different morphotypes of Candida parapsilosis clinical isolates].

In recent years there is an increase in frequency of systemic candidiasis cases caused by Candida parapsilosis. However there isn't any standardized genotyping method to be used in epidemiology of those infections. In this study we aimed to determine utility of morphotyping instead of genotyping to study the epidemiology of 53 C.

[Neonatal Candida infections and the antifungal susceptibilities of the related Candida species].

Among nosocomial infections in the newborns, the incidence of fungal infections has been rising over the last decades. Fluconazole has been a new option for treatment however, expanded use of the drug brought up the development of resistance. In this study, species of the Candida isolates from neonates with candida infections, their antifungal susceptibilities and the effectiveness of the therapy were evaluated.

Prophylactic feeding with immune-enhanced diet ameliorates chemoradiation-induced gastrointestinal injury in rats.

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of immune-enhanced diet (IED) on chemoradiation-induced injury of the gastrointestinal mucosa.

Materials And Methods: Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control (C, n=6), irradiation (IR, n=14), fluoropyrimidine (5-FU, n=14)-treated, IR + 5-FU (n=14)-treated groups. Half of each irradiated and/or 5-FU-treated groups were previously fed with IED containing arginine, omega-3-fatty acids and RNA fragments, while the other half were fed a standard rat diet (SD) for eight days before the induction of IR or injection of 5-FU.

Seminested PCR for detection and identification of Candida species directly from blood culture bottles.

We investigated the performance of a seminested PCR (snPCR) assay carried out directly from overnight incubated blood culture bottles of 50 newborn intensive care unit (NICU) patients with suspected candidemia and compared these, for sensitivity, specificity and reliability with results from blood cultures. All positive blood cultures (n = 17) yielded positive results for snPCR, which detected the same Candida species, as did the yeast isolates of which 13 were C. parapsilosis and 4 were C.

[Mating types, sexual reproduction and ploidy in fungi: effects on virulence].

Sexual reproduction provides natural selection and adaptation of the organisms to environmental conditions by allowing benefical mutations to spread and by diluting deleterious mutations. In recent years new findings which indicate the role of sexual reproduction in fungal pathogenicity, have been obtained. However, the pathogenic fungi limit their sexual cycles to generate clonal populations instead of recombinants, to enable themselves to adapt to the new conditions in the environment and in the host such as antimicrobial therapy.

Hypertonic sabouraud dextrose agar as a substrate for differentiation of Candida dubliniensis.

In this study, we aimed to detect the proportion of Candida dubliniensis among yeast strains previously identified as C. albicans by using several phenotypic methods and PCR.For this purpose, we screened 300 strains by using phenotypic tests suggested for the identification of C.

Two possible cases of Trichosporon infections in bone-marrow-transplanted children: the first case of T. japonicum isolated from clinical specimens.

Trichosporon spp. are emerging as opportunistic agents that cause systemic diseases in immunocompromised hosts. Trichosporonosis carries a poor prognosis in neutropenic patients.

Acid proteinase, phospholipase, and biofilm production of Candida species isolated from blood cultures.

Three virulence factors comprising proteinase, phospholipase, and biofilm among 68 Candida albicans and 31 non-albicans Candida strains (11 C. tropicalis, 8 C. parapsilosis, 6 C.

[Investigation of some virulence factors of Trichosporon asahii strains isolated from the clinical samples of hospitalized patients].

In this study, acid proteinase, phospholipase and esterase activities, slime production and hydrophobic properties of a total of 48 Trichosporon asahii strains isolated from urine (43), peritoneal fluid (1), tongue swab sample (1), blood (1), nephrostomy (1) and one saprophyte strain from nail sample, were investigated. In none of the 48 strains, acid proteinase and phospholipase activities could be detected, while all were found to be esterase positive. In hydrocarbon assay performed with n-hexadecane, four strains exhibited moderate hydrophobicity, while 43 strains showed low level hydrophobicity and one strain was found to be negative.

Epidemiology of candidemia in a Turkish tertiary care hospital.

In order to determine the local epidemiology of candidemia, Candida strains isolated between 1994 and 2000 were identified to species level; antifungal resistance patterns and DNA fingerprints were analyzed. Identification of Candida strains (n: 140) was performed with germ tube test and carbohydrate assimilation reactions. Minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined using a commercial test for 5-flucytosine and the broth macrodilution method according to NCCLS for fluconazole and amphotericin B.

[Enzyme activities of dermatophytes isolated from different clinical samples by ApiZYM method].

Dermatophytes' enzymes may have a role in chronic superficial infections. In this study it was planned to investigate the possible relationship between the enzymatic activities of the dermatophytes and acute or chronic course of the infections. Dermatophytes were isolated from 58 (72%) out of 81 patients with superficial infections.

Simple and reliable detection of slime production of Candida spp. directly from blood culture bottles: comparison of visual tube method and transmission electron microscopy.

Early detection of slime production may be useful for clinical decision because of its suggestive property for potential pathogenic capacity of a Candida strain especially in patients with a prosthetic device. In this study we aimed to compare the visual tube method (VTM) with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in order to confirm the reliability of the former method. In order to demonstrate the reproducibility of the tube method and to determine the correct timing for the test, Candida isolates directly obtained from blood culture (DBC) bottles and their two subsequent subcultures were used.