Graves' Disease and Microcytic Anemia: A Forgotten Connection.

BACKGROUND Microcytic anemia has long been associated with thyrotoxicosis, but this correlation has been largely forgotten, and few literature references to this phenomenon exist since the 1980s. No mechanism for this association has been proposed. CASE REPORT Here, we present the case of a 56-year-old man who developed clinically significant hyperthyroidism in the setting of Graves' disease and simultaneous microcytic anemia.

The small membrane protein CcoS is involved in cofactor insertion into the cbb-type cytochrome c oxidase.

Respiratory complexes, such as cytochrome oxidases, are cofactor-containing multi-subunit protein complexes that are critically important for energy metabolism in all domains of life. Their intricate assembly strictly depends on accessory proteins, which coordinate subunit associations and cofactor deliveries. The small membrane protein CcoS was previously identified as an essential assembly factor to produce an active cbb-type cytochrome oxidase (cbb-Cox) in Rhodobacter capsulatus, but its function remained unknown.

Stigma assessment scale for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A new tool for spine deformity stigma evaluation.

Purpose: Stigma is the negative attitudes towards an illness or difference. The literature lacks detailed scales specifically addressing stigmatization in AIS. This study aimed to develop Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Stigma Assessment Scale (AIS-SAS) to measure stigmatization in AIS patients.

Incidence of diabetic retinopathy in anti-tnf treated rheumatic disease patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of anti-TNF (biological) therapies on the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 50 diabetic patients with rheumatic diseases (group 1) was performed. An age-, sex-, and HbA1c-matched control group (group 2) was formed from a pool of diabetic patients who underwent regular eye examinations.

Comparison of Classical and Green RPLC Methods in the Determination of pK Values of Some Piperazine Group Antihistamines.

In this study, protonation constant values and liquid chromatographic behaviors of hydrophobic cyclizine, chlorcyclizine, hydroxyzine, cinnarizine, cetirizine, meclizine, and buclizine in some water-organic solvent binary mixtures were examined for the first time using classical and green reverse phase liquid chromatography methods. In the isocratic study, the relationship of the retention time and mobile phase pH in water-organic solvent binary mixtures containing acetonitrile (45, 50, 55, 60, 65%, v/v), methanol (60, 65, 70, 75%, v/v) and ethanol (45, 50, 55, 56, 59, 60, 62, 65%, v/v) were determined at 37 °C. In the study, XBridge C18 and Gemini NX C18 columns suitable for the chemical properties of basic compounds were used.

Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: Impact on Body Mass Index and Thyroid Hormones in Euthyroid Obese Patients.

BACKGROUND Obesity is still a major global public health problem and its incidence is increasing. Obesity leads to deterioration in thyroid functions. Even when they are within normal ranges, high normal levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) increase morbidity and mortality.

The Escherichia coli MFS-type transporter genes yhjE, ydiM, and yfcJ are required to produce an active bo3 quinol oxidase.

Heme-copper oxygen reductases are membrane-bound oligomeric complexes that are integral to prokaryotic and eukaryotic aerobic respiratory chains. Biogenesis of these enzymes is complex and requires coordinated assembly of the subunits and their cofactors. Some of the components are involved in the acquisition and integration of different heme and copper (Cu) cofactors into these terminal oxygen reductases.

UbiN, a novel Rhodobacter capsulatus decarboxylative hydroxylase involved in aerobic ubiquinone biosynthesis.

Ubiquinone (UQ) is a lipophilic electron carrier that functions in the respiratory and photosynthetic electron transfer chains of proteobacteria and eukaryotes. Bacterial UQ biosynthesis is well studied in the gammaproteobacterium Escherichia coli, in which most bacterial UQ-biosynthetic enzymes have been identified. However, these enzymes are not always conserved among UQ-containing bacteria.

The effect of brace on apical vertebral derotation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Purpose: The current study aims to evaluate the effect of Boston brace treatment on apical vertebral derotation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients receiving conservative treatment.

Methods: The study included 51 AIS patients, consisting of 8 males and 43 females, with Cobb angles between 25° and 45° and Risser's findings ranging from 0 to 4. The mean age of the participants was 12.

A thrombophilic allele of clotting Factor VII/VIIa promoting recurrent pulmonary emboli, clinical details, and a structural model of the altered protein: a case report.

Background: The clotting or hemostasis system is a meticulously regulated set of enzymatic reactions that occur in the blood and culminate in formation of a fibrin clot. The precisely calibrated signaling system that prevents or initiates clotting originates with the activated Factor Seven (FVIIa) complexed with tissue factor (TF) formed in the endothelium. Here we describe a rare inherited mutation in the FVII gene which is associated with pathological clotting.

The combined use of carbon nanotubes with synthetic ceramics enhances posterolateral fusion: an experimental study in a rat spinal fusion model.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/ HA-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) composite in a posterolateral spinal fusion model.

Methods: At first, CNTs and CNTs/HA-TCP composites were prepared. Twenty adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into four groups with five rats in each group.

Metabolic Sensing of Extracytoplasmic Copper Availability via Translational Control by a Nascent Exported Protein.

Metabolic sensing is a crucial prerequisite for cells to adjust their physiology to rapidly changing environments. In bacteria, the response to intra- and extracellular ligands is primarily controlled by transcriptional regulators, which activate or repress gene expression to ensure metabolic acclimation. Translational control, such as ribosomal stalling, can also contribute to cellular acclimation and has been shown to mediate responses to changing intracellular molecules.

MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES OF INCIDENTAL THYROID 18F-FDG UPTAKE IDENTIFIED ON 18F-FDG PET/CT IMAGING.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the clinical significance of incidental thyroid 18F-FDG PET/CT uptake in oncology patients with the focus achieving the most appropriate management of this challenging situation.

Materials And Method: Two thousand five hundred and eighty 18F-FDG PET/CT studies performed at our institute in the past 4 years were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with incidental FDG uptake in the thyroid gland were further analysed.

The effects of loading ranibizumab on vision-related quality of life in the treatment of low-risk neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Background: The loss of central vision plays a major role in the quality of life (QoL). This study evaluates the changes in QoL in the treatment of low-risk neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in vision-related QoL in patients receiving intravitreal ranibizumab loading dose for low-risk neovascular AMD.

Carvacrol protects the ARPE19 retinal pigment epithelial cells against high glucose-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation by suppressing the TRPM2 channel signaling pathways.

Purpose: The concentration of plasma high glucose (HGu) in diabetes mellitus (DM) induces the retinal pigment epithelial cell (ARPE19) death via the increase of inflammation, cytosolic (cytROS), and mitochondrial (mitROS) free oxygen radical generations. Transient potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) cation channel is stimulated by cytROS and mitROS. Hence, the cytROS and mitROS-mediated excessive Ca influxes via the stimulation of TRPM2 channel cause to the induction of DM-mediated retina oxidative cytotoxicity.

Rituximab Attenuated Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Oxidative Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, and Inflammation in the Human Retina Cells via Modulating the TRPM2 Signaling Pathways.

Purpose: We investigated the possible protective effects of rituximab (RTX) on LPS-induced oxidant, inflammatory, and apoptotic adverse actions via the inhibition of TRPM2 channel in the adult retinal pigment epithelial-19 (ARPE-19) cells.

Methods: In the cultured ARPE-19 cells, we induced five main groups as control, RTX (10 μg/ml), LPS (1 μg/ml), LPS+RTX, and LPS+TRPM2 blockers (ACA or 2/APB).

Results: The levels of apoptosis, cell death, mitochondrial free reactive oxygen radicals (mitROS), cytosolic ROS, lipid peroxidation, caspase -3, caspase -8, caspase -9, ADP-ribose-induced TRPM2 current density, TNF-α, IL-1β, cytosolic free Zn, and Ca were increased by LPS, although their levels were diminished by the treatments of RTX and TRPM2 blockers.

Selenium and Resveratrol Attenuated Diabetes Mellitus-Mediated Oxidative Retinopathy and Apoptosis via the Modulation of TRPM2 Activity in Mice.

Diabetes mellitus induces optic nerve injury via the excessive generation of mitochondria reactive free oxygen radical (mitROS). TRPM2 channel is activated by mitROS, although it is inhibited by selenium (Se) and resveratrol (RSV). The activation of TRPM2 induces apoptosis and oxidative injury in the optic nerve.

Effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation for treatment of plantar fasciitis.

Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of heel pain. Pain can be persistent in some patients and interrupt daily activities and sportive activities. There are a lot of treatment options available for plantar fasciitis.

Effects of the Presence of Pseudoexfoliation on Intraocular Pressure and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Patients with Macular Degeneration Receiving Intravitreal Ranibizumab.

Aims: In the present study, we aimed to compare the effect of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) treatment on intraocular pressure (IOP) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with and without pseudoexfoliation (PEX).

Materials And Methods: A total of 24 patients, 12 with PEX (12 eyes) and 12 without PEX (12 eyes), receiving IVR treatment for neovascular AMD between June 2017 and June 2019, were included in the study. Exclusion criteria were composed of the history of glaucoma, uveitis, intravitreal steroid administration, pars plana vitrectomy surgery, and less than three IVR injections.

Development of liquid chromatographic and UV-visible spectrophotometric methods for determination of pK values of folic acid antimetabolites.

In this study, the values of ionization/protonation constants (pK) of pemetrexed and raltitrexed, which are folic acid antimetabolites, were determined by reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) and UV-visible spectrophotometric methods at 25 °C. The pKass values were evaluated by retention time (t) in binary acetonitrile-water mixtures with acetonitrile (ACN) contents of 13%, 15%, 17% and 20% (v/v) for the RPLC method and 13%, 15% and 17% (v/v) for the spectrophotometric method. The aqueous pK values (pKaww) of the studied compounds were calculated from the pKass value using the macroscopic parameters (mole fraction and dielectric constant), which play an important role in solvent properties.

Transrectal vacuum treatment for low colorectal anastomotic leaks.

Background: Anastomotic leakage after rectal resection is a major complication which increases the rates of morbidity and mortality. A small number of patients with generalised peritonitis need radical surgical treatments. Stable patients with local peritonitis can be treated conservatively.