Effect of zinc supplementation on the distribution of various elements in the serum of diabetic rats subjected to an acute swimming exercise.

The present study aims to examine the effect of supplementation of zinc on the distribution of various elements in the sera of diabetic rats subjected to an acute swimming exercise. A total of 80 Sprague-Dawley-type adult male rats were equally allocated to one of eight groups: Group 1, general; Group 2, zinc-supplemented; Group 3, zinc-supplemented diabetic; Group 4, swimming control; Group 5, zinc-supplemented swimming; Group 6, zinc-supplemented diabetic swimming; Group 7, diabetic swimming; and Group 8, diabetes. The rats were injected with 40 mg/kg/day subcutaneous streptozotocin (STZ) twice, with a 24-h interval between two injections.

Does primary brachial plexus surgery alter palliative tendon transfer surgery outcomes in children with obstetric paralysis?

Background: The surgical management of obstetrical brachial plexus palsy can generally be divided into two groups; early reconstructions in which the plexus or affected nerves are addressed and late or palliative reconstructions in which the residual deformities are addressed. Tendon transfers are the mainstay of palliative surgery. Occasionally, surgeons are required to utilise already denervated and subsequently reinnervated muscles as motors.

A comparison of 1 minimum alveolar concentration desflurane and 1 minimum alveolar concentration isoflurane anesthesia in patients undergoing craniotomy for supratentorial lesions.

Background: A critical point in craniotomy is during opening of the dura and the subsequent potential for cerebral edema. Use of desflurane in neurosurgery may be beneficial because it facilitates early postoperative neurologic evaluation; however, data on the effect of desflurane on intracranial pressure in humans are limited. Isoflurane has been used extensively in neurosurgical patients.

Neurocognitive correlates of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in a Turkish sample.

We established a neuropsychological testing profile among Turkish adults presenting with ADHD controlling for general intelligence and comorbid psychiatric conditions. Adults with ADHD frequently present with comorbid conditions (e.g.

Patterns of tropomyosin and troponin-T isoform expression in jaw-closing muscles of mammals and reptiles that express masticatory myosin.

We recently reported that masticatory ('superfast') myosin is expressed in jaw-closing muscles of some rodent species. Most mammalian limb muscle fibers express tropomyosin-β (Tm-β), along with fast-type or slow-type tropomyosin-β (Tm-β), but jaw-closing muscle fibers in members of Carnivora express a unique isoform of Tm [Tm-masticatory (Tm-M)] and little or no Tm-β. The goal of this study was to determine patterns of Tm and troponin-T (TnT) isoform expression in the jaw-closing muscles of rodents and other vertebrate species that express masticatory myosin, and compare the results to those from members of Carnivora.

Inheritance of pod and seed traits in chickpea.

A 4 x 4 full-diallel cross was studied to estimate the gene effects and genetic parameters of pod and seed traits. According to Hayman's method, additive genetic variance was significant for pod length and seed length and width, also, both additive and dominance genetic variance were significant for pod thickness and width. As additive gene effects were significant for pod and seed traits, it is suggesting the selection of this traits early generations.

The comparison of the effects of dexmedetomidine and midazolam sedation on electroencephalography in pediatric patients with febrile convulsion.

Background: When electroencephalogram (EEG) activity is recorded for diagnostic purposes, the effects of sedative drugs on EEG activity should be minimal. This study compares the sedative efficacy and EEG effects of dexmedetomidine and midazolam.

Subjects And Methods: EEG recordings of 60 pediatric subjects with a history of simple febrile convulsions were performed during physiologic sleep.

Different doses of palonosetron for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in children undergoing strabismus surgery.

Background: Postoperative vomiting is a common complication after strabismus surgery in children. The serotonin 5-HT(3) receptor antagonists have proven to be a particularly valuable addition to the armamentarium against postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Palonosetron is a second-generation 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist that has recently been approved for prophylaxis against PONV.

Comparison of preincisional infiltrated levobupivacaine and ropivacaine for acute postoperative pain relief after septorhinoplasty.

Background: To maintain a high standard of patient care, it is essential to provide adequate pain management in patients who undergo nasal surgery. Levobupivacaine and ropivacaine are relatively new long-acting local anesthetics.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic effect and blood loss of preincisional levobupivacaine HCl 0.

The positivity of Helicobacter pylori Stool Antigen in patients with Hyperemesis gravidarum.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the possible association between Helicobacter pylori infection and Hyperemesis gravidarum.

Material And Methods: Thirty-six pregnant women with Hyperemesis gravidarum with severe vomiting (more than 4 times a day), weight loss (≥3 kg), ketonuria and 36 pregnant women gestational age-matched, without nausea and vomiting attending our outpatient clinic for antenatal care were enrolled the study. Demographic data of the patients were registered.

Shoulder pain and disability index: a validation study in Turkish women.

Introduction: The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) is a valid and reliable questionnaire used in shoulder disorders. The purpose of this study was to test the convergent validity and the reliability of the SPADI.

Methods: A total of 101 female patients with shoulder pain were enrolled in the study.

The effect of different preparation and etching procedures on the microleakage of direct composite veneer restorations.

Objectives: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the microleakage of direct composite veneer restorations prepared by a conventional dental bur or Er,Cr:YSGG (erbium, chromium doped yttrium scandium gallium garnet) laser and etched with different procedures.

Methods: Fifty maxillary incisor teeth prepared for direct veneers with gingival margins in dentin and incisal margins in enamel were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10): group 1 (control), prepared with diamond bur and etched with phosphoric acid; group 2, prepared with diamond bur and etched with Er,Cr:YSGG laser (Waterlase MD/Biolase); group 3, prepared with laser and not etched; group 4, prepared with laser and etched with phosphoric acid; and group 5, prepared and etched with laser. After the application of the etch and rinse adhesive system (Prime & Bond NT/Dentsply), teeth were restored with the nano ceramic restorative material (Ceram X Duo/Dentsply), subjected to thermocycling and immersed in 0.

Comparison of the effects of ketamine or lidocaine on fentanyl-induced cough in patients undergoing surgery: A prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Background: Fentanyl-induced cough is common but has not been viewed as a serious anesthetic problem. However, the cough may be explosive at times, may require immediate intervention, and may be associated with undesirable increases in intracranial, intraocular, and intra-abdominal pressures. Prevention of fentanylinduced cough in such situations is of paramount importance.

Safety, Reactogenicity, and Immunogenicity of Human Rotavirus Vaccine RIX4414 in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-positive Infants in South Africa.

Background: rotavirus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are a cause of great public health concern in developing countries. The current study evaluated the safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of RIX4414 vaccine in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic (clinical stages I and II according to WHO classification) HIV-infected South African infants.

Methods: a total of 100 HIV-positive infants aged 6 to 10 weeks enrolled in this double-blind, 1:1 randomized, placebo-controlled study were allocated into 2 groups to receive 3 doses of RIX4414 vaccine/placebo according to a 0-, 1-, and 2-month schedule.

Expression of platelet-derived growth factor ligand and receptor in cerebral arteriovenous and cavernous malformations.

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) ligands A and B and receptors α and β in cerebral arteriovenous and cavernous malformations. Fifteen arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and 15 cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) tissue samples were immunostained for PDGF ligands A and B, PDGF receptors (PDGFR) α and β, and vascular endothelial growth factor. Tissues were compared in terms of expression levels within various vascular layers, and the results were confirmed using western blotting.

Effect of selenium supplementation on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes, and lactate levels in rats immediately after acute swimming exercise.

The present study aims to evaluate the effect of selenium supplementation on lipid peroxidation and lactate levels in rats subjected to acute swimming exercise. Thirty-two adult male rats of Sprague-Dawley type were divided into four groups. Group 1, control; group 2, selenium-supplemented; group 3, swimming control; group 4, selenium-supplemented swimming group.

Association among SNAP-25 gene DdeI and MnlI polymorphisms and hemodynamic changes during methylphenidate use: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.

Objective: To investigate the interaction of treatment-related hemodynamic changes with genotype status for Synaptosomal associated protein 25 (SNAP-25) gene in participants with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on and off single dose short-acting methylphenidate treatment with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).

Method: A total of 15 right-handed adults and 16 right-handed children with DSM-IV diagnosis of ADHD were evaluated. Ten milligrams of short-acting methylphenidate was administered in a crossover design.

Submandibular gland pleomorphic adenoma in a seven-year-old child: a case report.

Salivary gland neoplasms are rare in the pediatric age group. Pleomorphic adenomas in the submandibular gland are rarer. In this article, we present a seven-year-old female with a slowly growing mass in her right submandibular area.

Left ventricular giant pseudoaneurysm.

Left ventricular (LV) pseudoaneurysm is a rare complication of myocardial infarction. It may also occur as a complication of mitral valve surgery, chest trauma, and bacterial endocarditis. It forms when a cardiac rupture contains adherent pericardium or scar tissue and is typically located on the posterior or inferior LV wall.

Increase in graft blood flow in the early postoperative period.

Flow has been suitably measured by transit-time flow measurement, but measurements in the early period after cardiopulmonary bypass do not reflect expected values because of several factors. We documented that flow measurements during immediate revision of bleeding increased 3 times for the left internal thoracic artery and 2 times for the saphenous vein graft over previous measurements made after cardiopulmonary bypass in a patient who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery.

The myosin light chain 1 isoform associated with masticatory myosin heavy chain in mammals and reptiles is embryonic/atrial MLC1.

We recently reported that masticatory myosin heavy chain (MHC-M) is expressed as the exclusive or predominant MHC isoform in masseter and temporalis muscles of several rodent species, contrary to the prevailing dogma that rodents express almost exclusively MHC isoforms that are typically found in fast limb muscles and not masticatory myosin. We also reported that the same rodent species express the embryonic/atrial isoform of myosin light chain 1 (MLC1E/A) in jaw-closing muscles and not a unique masticatory MLC1 isoform that others have reported as being expressed in jaw-closing muscles of carnivores that express MHC-M. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that MLC1E/A is consistently expressed in jaw-closing muscles whenever MHC-M is expressed as the predominant or exclusive MHC isoform.

Effects of naloxone and flumazenil on antinociceptive action of acetaminophen in rats.

Background: Studies of acetaminophen suggest that multiple nociceptive pathways are involved in the drug's analgesic action.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether naloxone and flumazenil were able to modify or antagonize the antinociceptive effect of acetaminophen in rats.

Methods: Adult albino Wistar rats were used in the study and randomly allocated to 1 of 4 groups.

Effect of intraperitoneal selenium administration on liver glycogen levels in rats subjected to acute forced swimming.

There are a few of studies examining how selenium, which is known to reduce oxidative damage in exercise, influences glucose metabolism and exhaustion in physical activity. The present study aims to examine how selenium administration affects liver glycogen levels in rats subjected to acute swimming exercise. The study included 32 Sprague-Dawley type male rats, which were equally allocated to four groups: Group 1, general control; Group 2; selenium-supplemented control (6 mg/kg/day sodium selenite); Group 3, swimming control; Group 4, selenium-supplemented swimming (6 mg/kg/day sodium selenite).