Radioneuromodulation of Nucleus Accumbens for Addiction: The First Animal Study.

Objective: Addiction is a serious spiral where negative events or relationships trigger a craving even when the situation is caused by the addiction in the first place. Nucleus accumbens is identified as an important hub for the neural pathways involved in the addictive behavior. Stimulation of this structure was demonstrated to be beneficial for addiction previously, but radioneuromodulation was never investigated until today.

Echo-planar DWI variants: A comparative study in vertebral marrow pathology.

Purpose: Single-shot echo-planar imaging (ss-EPI) has limited application in vertebral column imaging due to numerous artifacts. Therefore, we aimed to compare readout-segmented echo-planar imaging (rs-EPI) to ss-EPI and assess its value in the differential diagnosis of vertebral infectious, tumoral infiltrative, and degenerative disorders.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-six adult patients with spondylodiscitis (SD, n = 26), tumoral infiltration (TI, n = 20), or Modic type I degeneration (DE, n = 20) findings on spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) included in this retrospective study.

Gerdy's tubercle as a novel anatomical landmark for the proximal tibial cut in total knee arthroplasty.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the use of Gerdy's tubercle (GT) as an innovative and dependable anatomical landmark for the proximal tibial cut in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in cases with extensive knee degeneration.

Materials And Methods: One hundred dry tibia bones and 10 formalin-fixed cadaveric knee specimens of both sexes were examined. A Zimmer NexGen tibial cutting guide and a Mitutoyo digital caliper were utilized to align the guide with the tibia's mechanical axis.

Efficacy of radiological depth of invasion measurements on magnetic resonance images acquired at different magnetic field strengths and imaging sequences in predicting cervical lymph node metastasis and other outcomes in tongue cancer.

Objectives: We investigated the correlation between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters and tumor pathological depth of invasion (pDOI), between pDOI and radiological DOI (rDOI), between rDOI and duration between biopsy and MRI, and between rDOI and duration between MRI and surgery to determine the efficacy of rDOI in identifying small lesions and other conditions.

Study Design: We examined 36 adult patients who had been diagnosed histopathologically with cancer of the tongue and had undergone a glossectomy. Using 1.

Association between abdominal muscle activity and lumbar muscle morphology, and their role in the functional assessment of patients with low back pain: A cross-sectional study.

Objectives: The study aims to investigate the relationship between abdominal muscle activity and the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the lumbar muscles and assess their role in the functional assessment of patients with chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP).

Methods: 142 patients with CNSLBP were included in this study. Disability levels were evaluated with the Roland-Morris Low Back Pain and Disability Questionnaire.

Fracture Detection in Wrist X-ray Images Using Deep Learning-Based Object Detection Models.

Hospitals, especially their emergency services, receive a high number of wrist fracture cases. For correct diagnosis and proper treatment of these, images obtained from various medical equipment must be viewed by physicians, along with the patient's medical records and physical examination. The aim of this study is to perform fracture detection by use of deep-learning on wrist X-ray images to support physicians in the diagnosis of these fractures, particularly in the emergency services.

Posterior Circulation Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (pc-ASPECT) for the Evaluation of Cerebellar Infarcts.

Background: Patients with cerebellar ischemic stroke may be misdiagnosed and may exhibit a delayed time to acute stroke treatment compared with patients with anterior circulation ischemic stroke. The posterior circulation Alberta stroke program early computed tomography score (pc-ASPECT) score has been used to evaluate hyperacute stroke, much as the ASPECT in anterior circulation stroke recently. Our main objective was to evaluate the associations of the clinical and etiological characteristics of ischemic cerebellar infarction patients on admission with their pc-ASPECT scores, as well as the correlations of the pc-ASPECT score with morbidity and mortality rates.

Irregularity in Plantar Fascia, Muscle Edema and Tendon Thickness in Patients with High-Risk for Diabetic Foot.

Aim: To investigate the alterations in the plantar fascia (PF), intrinsic muscles, and tendons in the feet of patients at high risk for developing diabetic foot.

Methods: The healthy feet of 22 patients with type 2 diabetes, who had developed diabetic foot ulcers on a single foot without any pathology on the contralateral extremity, and those of 22 healthy volunteers were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging. The volume of the Achilles tendon (AT), the surface area of the PF, the thickness of AT, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior, and peroneus longus tendons, irregularity in the PF, and edema of intrinsic foot muscles were examined.

[Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging-transrectal ultrasound fusion prostate biopsy with standard systematic biopsy: A single center experience.].

Objective: To compare systematic biopsy with MRI-TRUS fusion prostate biopsy in terms of cancer detection rates.

Patients And Methods: The data of the patients who had a Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) score of 3 or more lesions on mpMRI and underwent MRI-TRUS fusion biopsy with simultaneous 12-core standard systematic biopsy from June 2016 to June 2019 in our tertiary center were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical, radiological and pathological data were recorded.

Headache features of cerebellar ischemic strokes: Clinical and radiological-experiences of a single center.

The prevalence of headache in stroke has been reported between 8% and 34%. Determining the prevalence, features, and effects on prognosis of cerebellar ischemic strokes that presented with headache solely and/or with other cerebellar signs were the aims of our study.All patients diagnosed with cerebellar ischemia were included.

Shear Wave Elastography Evaluation of Meniscus Degeneration with Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlation.

Rationale And Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the diagnostic efficiency of shear wave elastography in the grading of meniscal degeneration compared to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a reference standard.

Materials And Methods: Fifty patients were included in the study (who had bilateral knee MRI). Tissue elasticity was measured in the coronal plane from the meniscus body in kilopascal.

Evaluation of schwannoma using the 3D-SPACE sequence: comparison with the 3D-CISS sequence in 3T-MRI.

Background/aim: The purpose of this study is to compare the diagnostic accuracy and interobserver reliability of the T2-weighted 3D-SPACE (three-dimensional sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts by using different flip angle evolutions) sequence in comparison with T2-weighted 3D-CISS (three-dimensional constructive interference in steady state) sequences for diagnosis of schwannomas.

Materials And Methods: Forty patients with cerebellopontine angle (CPA), internal acoustic canal (IAC), and cochlear schwannoma who had undergone magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using the 3D-CISS and 3D-SPACE sequences were identified. The sequences were retrospectively evaluated by two radiologists for the qualitative analyses, which were subsequently compared using the Mann–Whitney U test.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Before and After Treatment.

Background: This study aimed to identify the reversibility of MRI findings indicative of increased intracranial hypertension in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) patients after treatment.

Methods: This retrospective, observational study included demographic and clinical data from 10 patients with IIH and 10 controls. Brain MRI findings in IIH patients were recorded twice: once when patients had papilledema and again after resolution of papilledema.

Assessing the risk of asymptomatic dysplasia in parents of children with developmental hip dysplasia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether being the parents of children with developmental hip dysplasia (DDH) is a risk factor for asymptomatic dysplasia.

Methods: Asymptomatic parents of children who were diagnosed with DDH were assessed for presence of dysplasia by examining their anteroposterior pelvis radiographs at the neutral position. Eighty-six hips of 43 participants were included in the study group and 98 hips of 49 participants were included in the control group.

Treatment-related alterations of imaging findings in osteoid osteoma after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation.

Objectives: We aimed to report the long-term outcomes of osteoid osteoma patients and to determine CT and dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging characteristics of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) treatment related changes of osteoid osteoma between follow-up periods.

Materials And Methods: Thirty patients (seven female, 23 male) who underwent CT-guided RFA of osteoid osteoma were included. Follow-up imaging examinations were divided into two subgroups; first (1-3 months) and second (> 6 months) periods.

Anatomical variations related to pathological conditions of the peroneal tendon: evaluation of ankle MRI with a 3D SPACE sequence in symptomatic patients.

Objective: To evaluate anatomical variations in the lateral ankle and their relationships with pathological conditions of the peroneal tendon on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in symptomatic patients.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-nine ankles MRIs of 60 adult patients with symptomatic ankles were included. The presence and sizes of peroneal tubercle and retrotrochlear eminence (RTE), the prevalence of peroneus quartus (PQ), os peroneum, and boomerang-shaped peroneus brevis (PB) tendon, the shape of the retromalleolar fibular groove (RMFG), and the location of the PB muscle-tendon junction were evaluated.

Epidural patch with autologous platelet rich plasma: a novel approach.

We aimed to perform an epidural patch using platelet rich plasma (PRP), which has the potential to regenerate and heal tissues via degranulation of platelets, in a 34-year-old parturient suffering from persistent post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) after failed epidural blood patch (EBP). After her admission to our unit, we reconfirmed the clinical and radiologic diagnosis of PDPH. Cranial MRI with contrast showed diffuse pachymeningeal thickening and contrast enhancement with enlarged pituitary consistent with intracranial hypotension.

Effects of isokinetic, isometric, and aerobic exercises on clinical variables and knee cartilage volume using magnetic resonance imaging in patients with osteoarthritis.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effect of isokinetic, isometric, and aerobic exercise protocols on pain, disability, physical function, and articular cartilage in osteoarthritis.

Patients And Methods: A total of 45 women (mean age 52.1 years; range 45 to 65 years) who were admitted to the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation outpatient clinic and were diagnosed with primary bilateral knee osteoarthritis between May 2008 and January 2010 were included.

Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings.

Purpose: Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a rare tumor that exhibits a predictable spreading pattern. Radiologist's prior knowledge on the tumor's characteristics aids in establishing a diagnosis. We aimed to report the characteristic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings and the spread patterns of JNA.

Sacral and pubic insufficiency fractures due to bisphosphonate treatment.

In this article, we describe a case of sacral and pubic insufficiency fractures related to long-term bisphosphonate therapy. Following termination of bisphosphonate therapy and tailoring a conservative treatment with calcium and vitamin D, the fracture healing was observed.

Diagnostic performance of heavily T2-weighted techniques in obstructive hydrocephalus: comparison study of two different 3D heavily T2-weighted and conventional T2-weighted sequences.

Purpose: To evaluate efficacy of three-dimensional (3D) heavily T2-weighted (W) MRI sequences in assessment of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways and to compare two different types of 3D heavily T2W MRI sequences (CISS and SPACE) with two-dimensional (2D) T2W turbo spin echo (TSE) sequences for hydrocephalus with intraventricular obstruction.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-two patients who were diagnosed with intraventricular obstructive hydrocephalus, according to clinical and radiological findings, were included in this retrospective study. 2D-TSE-T2, 3D-CISS, and 3D-SPACE, which are part of the protocol, were analyzed quantitatively by measuring ventricle-to-parenchyma contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and qualitatively by evaluating the capabilities of visualization of the obstructive pathology, overall image quality, severity of artifacts, and delineation of the CSF pathways.

Evaluation of aqueductal patency in patients with hydrocephalus: three-dimensional high-sampling-efficiency technique (SPACE) versus two-dimensional turbo spin echo at 3 Tesla.

Objective: To compare the accuracy of diagnosing aqueductal patency and image quality between high spatial resolution three-dimensional (3D) high-sampling-efficiency technique (sampling perfection with application optimized contrast using different flip angle evolutions [SPACE]) and T2-weighted (T2W) two-dimensional (2D) turbo spin echo (TSE) at 3-T in patients with hydrocephalus.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 99 patients diagnosed with hydrocephalus. T2W 3D-SPACE was added to the routine sequences which consisted of T2W 2D-TSE, 3D-constructive interference steady state (CISS), and cine phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI).