Metacognitive Awareness of Older Adult Drivers with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Relationships with Demographics, Subjective Evaluation of Cognition, and Driving Self-Efficacy.

(1) Self-regulation of driving is a means of maintaining one's driving identity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which older drivers with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) are metacognitively aware of the requirements of specific demanding driving conditions and whether this awareness is linked to subjective assessments of cognition. (2) One hundred seventeen (117) older MCI drivers participated in a telephone survey in which they reported their metacognitive experiences in nine driving conditions, listed as an aim of self-regulation.

Women in spine surgery: can we change the society?

Background: Although the number of educated women and physicians, and especially neurosurgeons, is increasing worldwide, the educational opportunities, careers, and beliefs concerning female neurosurgeon's status and abilities are undermined. To date, reported studies have focused on the conditions of the work environment, work-life balance, and the academic career of female neurosurgeons. In this study, we aimed to report the patients' viewpoint and how they choose spine physicians.

Occupational Therapy Interventions in Patients with Frontotemporal Dementia: A Systematic Review.

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive impairments in behavior, executive function, and language, primarily affecting individuals under the age of 65. This disorder is associated with expressive and receptive anomia, word comprehension deficits, and behavioral symptoms such as apathy, loss of empathy, and disinhibition, all of which closely correlate with functional impairment in daily activities. Despite substantial efforts, research on occupational therapy (OT) interventions has yet to demonstrate clear benefits in managing the disease.

Net clinical benefit of DOACs vs. usual anticoagulation treatment in venous thromboembolism and active cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Patients with active cancer are at high risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE). Usual treatment includes low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), while vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) have also been used as substitutes for LMWH. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are considered a beneficial alternative to the usual treatment but are accompanied by an increased rate of bleeding compared to LMWH.

Risk factors for pediatric glioma.

Brain tumours are a heterogenic group, a subtype of which is arising from glial cells. Pediatric low-grade gliomas are the most common primary CNS tumour group in childhood, representing 25% to over 30% of pediatric CNS tumours. Pediatric high-grade gliomas are relatively rare and have a poor prognosis.

"Security dilemma": active immunotherapy before versus after radiation therapy alone or chemo-radiotherapy for newly diagnosed glioblastoma.

Management of glioblastoma should be aggressive and personalised to increase the quality of life. Many new therapies, such as active immunotherapy, increase the overall survival, yet they result in complications which render the search for the optimal treatment stra-tegy challenging.

Gross total resection with fluorescence could lead to improved overall survival rates: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Glioblastoma cases are often treated with aggressive resection. Recent studies have suggested that extended surgical resection could improve survival. Improved extent of resection could be afforded by the use of fluorescence during surgery.

Which is the Prognostic Value of the Mini Mental State Examination Test in Surgical Oncology?

Introduction: Cancer patients are usually subjected to numerous surgeries during their course of treatment. Recent studies suggest that anesthetic drugs such as propofol, benzodiazepines, and opioids are linked to cognitive impairment.

Aim: The aim of the study was to show and compare the cognitive function of oncology patients who have undergone surgery and have been sedated with propofol, fentanyl and benzodiazepines.

Postoperative Low Molecular Weight Heparin-induced Infection in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients. A 2-year Single Centre Experience.

Introduction: Patients with gastrointestinal cancer are at high risk of developing thrombosis and postoperative infection. Antico-agulation therapy for such patients is provided by low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and elastic stockings. The latter, however, is linked to immunoregulatory activities and immunosuppression in vivo and in vitro.

Brain Trauma Mortality Rate Score Scale (BTMRSS): Postmortem Evaluation of the Events.

Objective: Brain trauma and its burden is becoming a significant cause of permanent damage and deterioration. Prioritization at the place of the incident and calculation of mortality are leading factors for the final management, but all of them are obtained from living patients. When the autopsies are made there is no actual score system to guide the forensic scientists in their conclusions.

Anatomical Localization of Traumatic Brain Injury Cases in Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece: a 10-year Retrospective Observational Study.

Objective: Brain trauma is an extremely important economical and social issue with increasing daily incidence. It is important to observe and report brain trauma, in order to provide better conditions for improvement of the trauma prevention and management.

Methods: A ten-year retrospective observational analysis was performed on 292 (fatal and non-fatal) incidents of traumatic brain injury among 2,847 totally examined cases in the records of the laboratory of forensic sciences at Democritus University of Thrace between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2016.

Traumatic Brain Injury and the Importance of Neurosurgical Care: 10-year Retrospective Study on Cadavers.

Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) due to transport accidents is a serious cause of death and disability. In every case, however, quick response and a proper health care are required.

Materials And Methods: We collected 10-year data retrospectively from the laboratory of forensic science and toxicology in Montana, Bulgaria with the intention to show the importance of neurosurgical care in the traumatology and its connection to mortality rate.

The Clock Is Ticking - Brain Atrophy in Case of Acute Trauma?

Objective: Brain atrophy and brain herniation are gaining a lot of attention separately, but a limited amount of studies connected them together, and because of this, we are going to review and examine the subject in the current meta-analysis.

Methods: The authors collected data reporting brain atrophy of alcoholic and schizophrenic cause, as well as data on control patients, all of which was published on MEDLINE between 1996 and 2018. The included 11 articles were processed with a statistical program.

Does Nationality Matter for the Gunshot Brain Injury? Ten-Year Retrospective Observational Cadaveric Comparative Study for Gunshot TBI between Greece and Bulgaria.

Objective: Penetrating brain trauma (PBT) caused by gunshot is one of the most lethal traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) and its management and confrontation is of great importance.

Methods: The authors searched retrospectively the archives from 2 similar autonomous laboratories of forensic science and toxicology in the Balkan peninsula for a 10-year period of time and included only fatal penetrating brain injuries.

Results: The study is conducted in 61 cadavers with gunshot PBT.

Pediatric Dilemma: Endovascular versus Surgical Intervention for Spinal Vascular Malformations.

Objective: Spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVM) manifest in the pediatric population very differently from the ones in adulthood. Despite that fact, the treatment strategy is quite the same, which provokes a question - whether some of the therapies have an advantage and if so, in which age group.

Methods: For this reason, the authors searched the world literature between 1989 and 2018 for spinal AVM in children and further categorized the studies into two age groups: < 12 and ≥12.

The Basic Steps of Evolution of Brain Surgery.

Objective And Conclusion: Neurosurgery is probably the most constantly developing specialty of all times. Its dimension is enormous and its history, Ancient. The evolution of neurosurgery from the Mayan and Egyptian periods to the Renaissance and the 21st century was the result of many physicians and patients whose experiences lead to the revolution of modernization.

A Custom-Made Treovance Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Endograft to Correct Late Failure of Trombone Technique with a Tube Endograft.

Background: Unfavorable anatomy is one of the major limitations of endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) with specifically adverse proximal neck morphology excluding many patients from receiving the standard endograft devices. Thoracic tube endografts have been used to overcome the issue of wide infrarenal necks, either as a sole device (single tubes or double tubes using the trombone technique) or as the proximal part of a bifurcated device fixed to the aortic bifurcation or infrarenally oriented. However, custom-made large proximal diameter bifurcated endograft designs have never been used.

Positional Changes of an Endurant Endograft Leading to Simultaneous Ipsilateral Iliac Limb Obstruction and Contralateral Type IIIa Endoleak.

We report the case of a 79-year-old man who was admitted to our department with acute limb ischemia due to the occlusion of the left iliac limb of an Endurant endograft. The admission computed tomography angiography revealed also a type IIIa endoleak due to modular disconnection of the iliac extensions from the right iliac limb of the endograft main body. Interestingly, during the 4-year post-endovascular aneurysm repair period, an increased kinking of the right limb has been observed leading to an almost cross-limb configuration of the limbs at the time of complications.