Healing patterns of alveolar bone following ridge preservation procedures.

Objectives: Examine the histomorphometric bone composition, following alveolar ridge preservation techniques and unassisted socket healing.

Materials And Methods: Forty-two patients (42) requiring a single rooted tooth extraction were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 14 per group): Group 1: Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) using deproteinised bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and a porcine collagen membrane; Group 2: Socket Seal (SS) technique using DBBM and a porcine collagen matrix; Group 3: Unassisted socket healing (Control). Trephined bone biopsies were harvested following a 4-month healing period.

Aesthetic outcomes of different materials for delayed, single-tooth restorations for immediately placed implants. A randomized controlled clinical trial.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare the aesthetic outcomes of metal porcelain (C), lithium disilicate (T1) and porcelain-layered zirconium (T2) immediate implant-supported single crowns in the anterior maxilla.

Materials And Methods: Forty-five immediate dental implants were provided for 45 patients that required the extraction of a single tooth in the anterior maxilla. A temporary prosthesis was provided at 8 weeks after placement followed by the final prosthesis at 24 weeks post-implantation.

Is alveolar ridge preservation an overtreatment?

The morphology and dimensions of the postextraction alveolar ridge are important for the surgical and restorative phases of implant treatment. Adequate new bone formation and preservation of alveolar ridge dimensions following extraction will facilitate installation of the implant in a restorative position, while preservation of soft tissue contour and volume is essential for an aesthetic and implant-supported restoration with healthy peri-implant tissues. Alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) refers to any procedure that aims to: (i) limit dimensional changes in the alveolar ridge after extraction facilitating implant placement without additional extensive bone and soft tissue augmentation procedures (ii) promote new bone formation in the healing alveolus, and (iii) promote soft tissue healing at the entrance of the alveolus and preserve the alveolar ridge contour.

Oral Microcosm Biofilms Grown under Conditions Progressing from Peri-Implant Health, Peri-Implant Mucositis, and Peri-Implantitis.

Peri-implantitis is a disease influenced by dysbiotic microbial communities that play a role in the short- and long-term outcomes of its clinical treatment. The ecological triggers that establish the progression from peri-implant mucositis to peri-implantitis remain unknown. This investigation describes the development of a novel in vitro microcosm biofilm model.

The Effect of Microcosm Biofilm Decontamination on Surface Topography, Chemistry, and Biocompatibility Dynamics of Implant Titanium Surfaces.

Since the inception of dental implants, a steadily increasing prevalence of peri-implantitis has been documented. Irrespective of the treatment protocol applied for the management of peri-implantitis, this biofilm-associated pathology, continues to be a clinical challenge yielding unpredictable and variable levels of resolution, and in some cases resulting in implant loss. This paper investigated the effect of microcosm biofilm in vitro decontamination on surface topography, wettability, chemistry, and biocompatibility, following decontamination protocols applied to previously infected implant titanium (Ti) surfaces, both micro-rough -Sandblasted, Large-grit, Acid-etched (SLA)-and smooth surfaces -Machined (M).

Alveolar ridge preservation with guided bone regeneration or socket seal technique. A randomised, single-blind controlled clinical trial.

Objectives: To compare radiographic bone changes, following alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) using Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR), a Socket Seal (SS) technique or unassisted socket healing (Control).

Material And Methods: Patients requiring a single rooted tooth extraction in the anterior maxilla, were randomly allocated into: GBR, SS and Control groups (n= 14/). Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images were recorded post-extraction and at 4 months, the mid-buccal and mid-palatal alveolar ridge heights (BARH/PARH) were measured.

Comparison of clinical outcomes of immediate versus delayed placement of dental implants: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Two focused questions were addressed: Focused question (Q1) 1) Are there any differences between immediate and delayed placement in terms of (i) survival rate, (ii) success rate, (iii) radiographic marginal bone levels, (iv) height/(v)thickness of buccal wall, (vi) peri-implant mucosal margin position, (vii) aesthetics outcomes and (viii) patient reported outcomes? Focused question 2 (Q2) What is the estimated effect size of immediate implant placement for all parameters included in Q1?

Materials And Methods: An electronic search (MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and OpenGray) and hand search were conducted up to November 2019. Randomised controlled trials (RCT) with delayed implant placement as controls were eligible in the analysis for Q1. Immediate dental implant arms RCTs, controlled clinical trials (CCTs) and prospective case series of immediate implant placement were eligible in the analysis for Q2.

Immediate implant placement in fresh alveolar sockets with a minimal split-thickness envelope flap: A randomised controlled clinical trial.

Objectives: Comparing PES/WES scores, modified success rate, survival, success, buccal bone thickness and patient-reported outcomes of immediate dental implants placed in fresh alveolar sockets using a flap or a minimal split-thickness envelope flap (MSTEF).

Materials And Methods: Implants following random assignment into a flap or MSTEF group were placed immediately in anterior and premolar areas. Guided bone regeneration and autogenous connective tissue graft were used in all cases.

The role of strontium ranelate and guided bone regeneration in osteoporotic and healthy conditions.

Background/ Objectives: SR is a chemical agent developed for the treatment of osteoporosis. In vitro, SR enhanced replication of osteoprogenitor cells and bone formation. In vivo, in ovariectomized rats SR prevented the biomechanical deterioration of bone while in non-ovariectomized rats, enhanced bone architecture and increased trabecular and cortical bone mass.

Immediate provisionalization of bone level implants with a hydrophilic surface. A five-year follow-up of a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Objectives: To follow-up the radiographic bone level changes and the clinical outcomes of immediately provisionalized and conventionally restored implants with a hydrophilic surface following 5 years of function.

Materials And Methods: This was a 5-year follow-up of a prospective, randomized, single-blind controlled study involving 16 of the 24 originally recruited patients in need of a single-tooth replacement in the esthetic area. Implants were either immediately provisionalized with a non-occluding temporary crown (test group, n = 7), or left without a crown (control group, n = 9).

Group 1 ITI Consensus Report: The influence of implant length and design and medications on clinical and patient-reported outcomes.

Objectives: The aim of Working Group 1 was to address the influence of different local (implant length, diameter, and design) and systemic (medications) factors on clinical, radiographic, and patient-reported outcomes in implant dentistry. Focused questions on (a) short posterior dental implants (≤6 mm), (b) narrow diameter implants, (c) implant design (tapered compared to a non-tapered implant design), and (d) medication-related dental implant failures were addressed.

Materials And Methods: Four systematic reviews were prepared in advance of the Consensus Conference and were discussed among the participants of Group 1.

The role of immediate provisional restorations on implants with a hydrophilic surface: A randomised, single-blind controlled clinical trial.

Objectives: To compare the radiographic bone changes, clinical parameters and aesthetic outcomes of immediately provisionalised and conventionally restored implants at 12- and 24-months post-implant placement.

Material And Methods: In 24 patients, 24 bone level implants with a hydrophilic (SLActive) surface were placed in healed sites and they were either immediately provisionalised with a non-occluding temporary crown (test group) or left without a crown (control group). In both groups, the definitive restoration was placed 16 weeks after implant placement.

Osteoporotic Animal Models of Bone Healing: Advantages and Pitfalls.

The aim of this review was to summarize the advantages and pitfalls of the available osteoporotic animal models of bone healing. A thorough literature search was performed in MEDLINE via OVID and EMBASE to identify animal studies investigating the effect of experimental osteoporosis on bone healing and bone regeneration. The osteotomy model in the proximal tibia is the most popular osseous defect model to study the bone healing process in osteoporotic-like conditions, although other well-characterized models, such as the post-extraction model, might be taken into consideration by future studies.

The effect of experimental osteoporosis on bone regeneration: Part 1, histology findings.

Objectives: To histologically define the healing events occurring in calvarial critical size defects (CSDs) following treatment with a collagen barrier for guided bone regeneration (GBR) and a particulate graft in healthy and osteoporotic conditions.

Material And Methods: Thirty-six 10-month-old, female, Wistar rats were used in this study. Half of them were ovariectomized (OVX) and fed with a low-calcium diet to induce an osteoporotic-like status.

Hard and soft tissue changes following alveolar ridge preservation: a systematic review.

Objective: Two focused questions were addressed within this systematic review. Q1) What is the effect of alveolar ridge preservation on linear and volumetric alveolar site dimensions, keratinised measurements, histological characteristics and patient-based outcomes when compared to unassisted socket healing. Q2) What is the size effect of these outcomes in three different types of intervention (guided bone regeneration, socket grafting and socket seal).

Peri-implant and periodontal microbiome diversity in aggressive periodontitis patients: a pilot study.

Aim: To investigate the bacterial microbiome in periodontal and peri-implant biofilms deriving from aggressive periodontitis patients (AgP) in conditions of health and disease.

Material And Methods: Ninety-one plaque samples were collected from 18 patients previously diagnosed and treated for AgP. The samples were taken from (i) 24 residual periodontal pockets (TD) (n = 6 patients), (ii) 24 healthy periodontal sites (TH) (n = 6 patients), (iii) 24 dental sites from the same implant patients (TM) (n = 6 patients), (iv) 5 peri-implantitis sites (II) (n = 2 patients), (v) 6 peri-mucositis sites (IM) (n = 2 patients) and (vi) 8 healthy implant sites (IH) (n = 2 patients).

Guided bone regeneration in osteoporotic conditions following treatment with zoledronic acid.

Objectives: To evaluate new bone formation in calvarial critical size defects (CSD) under dense polytetrafluoroethylene (d-PTFE), microporous membranes for guided bone regeneration (GBR) in healthy, osteoporotic and osteoporotic treated with zoledronic acid (ZA) rats.

Methods: Forty-eight, female, 6-month old Wistar rats were included in the study. Osteoporosis was induced by ovariectomy (OVX) and calcium-deficient diet in 32 rats.

Experimental models for contamination of titanium surfaces and disinfection protocols.

Aim: The aim of this pilot study was to describe an in vitro model of peri-implantitis microcosm for contamination of titanium surfaces and an in vivo model for evaluating different disinfection strategies of titanium surfaces.

Materials And Methods: Biofilms were grown in vitro for 30 days on sandblasted large-grit acid-etched (SLA) Ti discs (n = 69) in a constant depth film fermentor (CDFF) associated with peri-implantitis conditions. Four Swedish loop rabbits were randomly allocated in three test groups (T , T , T ) and one control group (C).

Therapeutic concepts and methods for improving dental implant outcomes. Summary and consensus statements. The 4th EAO Consensus Conference 2015.

Background: Different therapeutic concepts and methods have been proposed for improving dental implant outcomes in three specific clinical situations: (i) the fresh extraction socket with alveolar ridge preservation protocols; (ii) the posterior maxilla with limited bone height with either the placement of regular-sized implants after sinus elevation and grafting or short dental implants and; (iii) the posterior mandible with limited bone height with either vertical bone augmentation and placement of implants or short dental implants.

Materials And Methods: Three systematic reviews, based on randomized and controlled clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy of these different therapeutic modalities in terms of dental implant outcomes.

Results And Conclusions: Interventions aimed for alveolar ridge preservation have shown efficacy in terms of allowing the placement of dental implants and for reducing the need of further augmentation procedures at implant placement.

A systematic review of implant outcomes in treated periodontitis patients.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of treated periodontitis on implant outcomes in partially edentulous individuals compared with periodontally healthy patients.

Material And Methods: Longitudinal studies reporting on implant survival, success, incidence of peri-implantitis, bone loss and periodontal status, and on partially dentate patients with a history of treated periodontitis were included.

Results: The search yielded 14,917 citations.

Does ridge preservation following tooth extraction improve implant treatment outcomes: a systematic review: Group 4: Therapeutic concepts & methods.

Objective: (1) Primary focused question (Q1): to evaluate the effect of alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) on implant outcomes (implant placement feasibility, need for further augmentation, survival/success rates, marginal bone loss) compared with unassisted socket healing (USH) and (2) secondary focused question (Q2): to estimate the size effects (SE) of these outcomes in three different interventions (GBR, socket filler, socket seal).

Material And Methods: Electronic (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register LILACS; Web of Science) and hand search was conducted up to July 2014. Randomised controlled trials (RCT), controlled clinical trials (CCT) and prospective cohort studies with USH as controls were eligible in the analysis for Q1.

Experimental models for guided bone regeneration in healthy and medically compromised conditions.

The increased use of dental implants and related bone-augmentation procedures creates a need for reliable proof-of-principle preclinical models for evaluating different bone-regenerative techniques. The simulation of clinical scenarios by such models is of importance when the experiments are designed in order for the outcomes to provide basic points of clinical relevance. At the same time, the increased proportion of the population with different chronic diseases of ageing necessitates the need to reproduce these conditions in the same proof-of-principle preclinical models to allow evaluation of the effect of the relevant chronic disease on the bone-healing process.

A systematic review on the correlation between skeletal and jawbone mineral density in osteoporotic subjects.

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to assess whether the systemic skeletal reduction of bone mineral density (BMD) that characterizes osteoporotic subjects is also associated with a reduction of BMD in the jawbones.

Material And Methods: Two reviewers searched independently and in duplicate three databases up to May 2014 and assessed the risk of bias using a tailored version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). Only papers reporting either Pearson's correlation coefficient or Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between skeletal and jawbone mineral density in more than five osteoporotic subjects were selected.

Stage-two surgery using collagen soft tissue grafts: clinical cases and ultrastructural analysis.

Objective: To present the application of two different soft tissue grafts around dental implants during stage-two surgery. Furthermore, the ultrastructure of these materials is shown and discussed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Summary: Although soft tissue autografts may be currently regarded as the gold standard, harvesting of these grafts might lead to higher morbidity, longer chair time, and intra-/postoperative complications at the donor site.