The use of an Inhaled Surfactant in Patients With Severe and Extremely Severe new Coronavirus Infection COVID-19 With Concomitant Cardiovascular Pathology.

Aim      To study the effectiveness of nebulized surfactant therapy as a part of a multimodality treatment of severe and extremely severe COVID-19 viral pneumonia with concomitant cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).Material and methods  This retrospective controlled study analyzed a multimodality treatment of 38 patients with severe and extremely severe COVID-19 viral pneumonia and concomitant CVDs who were administered nebulized surfactant for correction of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The control group consisted of 105 patients with severe and extremely severe novel coronavirus infection with concomitant CVDs who were not administered surfactant as a part of the multimodality therapy.

[Rare causes of acute purulent-inflammatory lesions of pararectal tissue and Fournier's gangrene].

National and foreign literature devoted to acute non-cryptogenic suppurations of pararectal tissue was analyzed. Own clinical observations are given. The unsolved questions of terminology and treatment strategy for this rare disease are discussed.

[Morphological signs of inflammatory activity in different clinical forms of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis].

Aim: to determine whether the activity of tuberculous inflammation is associated with different clinical forms of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.

Subjects And Methods: The material taken from 310 patients operated on in 2010-2015 were retrospectively examined. The patients underwent economical lung resections of limited extent (typical and atypical ones of up to 3 segments) for circumscribed forms of tuberculosis with bacterial excretion.

[The morphological changes in the myocardium associated with the craniocerebral injury].

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the structural changes in the capillaries, arterioles, venules, and cardiomyocytes in the myocardium of the rats following the craniocerebral injury (CCI). Eighteen non-pedigree white female rats with the craniocerebral injury were used as the CCI model. All the animals were given an intraperitoneal injection of sodium thiopental (100 mg/kg b.

Endothelium determines stabilization of the pressure drop in arteries.

To ascertain whether the relative invariance of the pressure drop along the arterial cascade--from the aortic arch down to include the saphenous artery--during increases of saphenous outflow (Khayutin et al. 1993), is determined mainly by dilation of the latter, and to discover whether this invariability is a manifestation of endothelium-mediated vasodilation, the pressure drop along the rat saphenous artery was measured in situ during exposure of the artery to rectangular pulses or slow ramps of blood flow. At flow rates below a critical value of about 0.

The effect of pressure drop stabilization in arteries during variations in blood flow rate.

The aim of this study was to clear up whether the flow-induced dilation of arteries is sufficient to ensure invariability of pressure drop along these vessels under many-fold increase in blood flow rate. In anaesthetized rats an arteriovenous shunt was constructed by connecting the saphenous artery and the femoral vein. Resistance of the shunt was changed by a device creating either rectangular flow pulses of different amplitude or slow linear ramps of flow rate.

Flow-induced control of arterial lumen.

Blood flow velocity is a factor that affects the diameter of arteries. In order to investigate the flow-induced arterial dilatation, the outer diameter of the femoral, common carotid or renal arteries of anaesthetized cats was measured during perfusion of these arteries with blood or plasma-substituting solutions under conditions of stabilized perfusion pressure. It has been shown that, whatever the perfusate, blood or a substituent, an increase in flow makes the artery to dilate.