Parotid FNAC Diagnostic Utility and Its Role in Surgical Residency Training.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between preoperative fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for parotid tumors and the level of surgical training among residents, as well as to further elucidate its effectiveness as a diagnostic tool in the hands of the treating physician.

Materials And Methods: Surgical records from patients who underwent parotid surgery between 2014 and 2022 were retrieved. Residents reported their perceived level of training duringthese procedures.

Unsupervised Screen Exposure and Poor Language Development: A Scoping Review to Assess Current Evidence and Suggest Priorities for Research.

Screen exposure has both negative and positive effects on the level of language skills a child acquires. The purpose of this review is to address current literature on the possible relationship between unsupervised screen exposure and language development in children and to provide recommendations to caregivers regarding screen exposure of children, taking into consideration the possible effects. A scoping review was conducted using the PubMed/MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online) database.

Neuroendocrine and undifferentiated sinonasal and skull base tumors: An up-to-date narrative review.

Tumors located in the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and the skull base comprise a wide range of histologic subtypes. Among them, neuroendocrine and undifferentiated tumors are rare but noteworthy, because of their distinctive features, aggressive nature, and diagnostic complexities. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed/MEDLINE and the Scopus databases from 2019 until inception.

Evaluation of Sperm DNA Fragmentation Using Two Different Methods: TUNEL via Fluorescence Microscopy, and Flow Cytometry.

: Sperm DNA fragmentation refers to any break in one or both of the strands of DNA in the head of a sperm. The most widely used methodologies for assessing sperm DNA fragmentation are the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA), the sperm chromatin dispersion assay (SCD), the single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (SCGE-comet), and the terminal-deoxynucleotidyl-transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assay. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency and sensitivity of the analysis of sperm DNA fragmentation using TUNEL via fluorescence microscopy, and flow cytometry.

Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing Findings in Children With Rett Syndrome.

Feeding abnormalities, swallowing dysfunction, and gastrointestinal issues cause poor weight gain, oral motor dysfunction, and air swallowing in children with Rett syndrome (RTT). Pneumonia is the leading cause of death. Our study describes fiberoptic endoscopic swallowing findings in 11 female RTT children.

A Systematic Review of Intracranial Complications in Adults with Pott Puffy Tumor over Four Decades.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the risk factors of intracranial complications in adult patients with Pott Puffy Tumor (PPT). A systematic review was conducted of clinical studies from January 1983 to December 2022 that reported on PPT adult patients. The full-text articles were reviewed for the patients' ages, sex, cultured organisms, surgical procedures, clinical sequalae, and underlying diseases that may affect the onset of intracranial complications in PPT adult patients.

IL-6 Serum Levels in COVID-19 Patients With Vertigo.

Introduction Dizziness and vertigo represent well-established symptoms of COVID-19. An overexpression of cytokines, a condition often described with the term "cytokine storm" or "hypercytokinemia", is a key characteristic of SARS-Cov-2 infection and plays a pivotal role in disease progression and prognosis. Among them, IL-6 is of major importance.

Conservative Otosclerosis Treatment With Sodium Fluoride and Other Modern Formulations: A Systematic Review.

Otosclerosis, also known as otospongiosis, is a primary osteodystrophy of the otic capsule of the inner ear and one of the leading causes of deafness in adults. The rationale for medical therapy for otospongiosis is to slow down and eventually stop the phase of bone resorption. Conservative treatments include sodium fluoride (NaF), bisphosphonates, and other modern medicines.

Association of Health Status Metrics with Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Adult Congenital Heart Disease and Atrial Arrhythmias.

The prognostic value of health status metrics in patients with adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) and atrial arrhythmias is unclear. In this retrospective cohort study of an ongoing national, multicenter registry (PROTECT-AR, NCT03854149), ACHD patients with atrial arrhythmias on apixaban are included. At baseline, health metrics were assessed using the physical component summary (PCS), the mental component summary (MCS) of the Short-Form-36 (SF-36) Health Survey, and the modified European Heart Rhythm Association (mEHRA) score.

Revisiting the Concept of Non- and Minimally Invasive Interventions in Early Glottic Cancer - Part II: Single Therapy Should be Favored over the Combination of Transoral Laser Microsurgery and Radiotherapy, Regarding the Postinterventional Voice Quality.

 Early glottic cancer (EGC) is associated with a high cure rate. Hence, patients and physicians also focus on the impact of the proposed treatment on the speaking function of the preserved larynx.  The present study assessed the impact of single-modality treatment (transoral laser microsurgery [TLM], or radiotherapy) or combination therapy for EGC on postinterventional voicing and explored factors which might explain the related perceptions.

Entering the World of Sounds: An Autobiographical Case Report on Ethical Issues Surrounding Cochlear Implants.

Cochlear implants are considered a viable therapeutic option for deaf children and adults who meet the implant criteria. They enable the hearing impaired to deal with the effects of deafness and participate academically, socially, and vocationally with their family and peers, aiding them to live a life with fewer limitations in the world of spoken languages. Most importantly, cochlear implants counteract the impact of profound deafness in early childhood, in which the ability to develop spoken language is severely restricted.

The long-term need for calcium supplementation after incidental parathyroidectomy.

Objectives: Hypocalcaemia and hypoparathyroidism are the most frequent complications of total thyroidectomy that may result in the need for lifelong calcium supplementation. This study aims to investigate the impact of incidental parathyroidectomy on short- and long-term hypocalcaemia.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent total thyroidectomy with or without central neck dissection between March 2016 to May 2018.

Effects of Different Drug Therapies and COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination on Semen Quality in a Man with Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Case Report.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a condition that affects 0.1% to 0.5% of the adult population.

A Different Era for Malignant Otitis Externa: The Non-Diabetic and Non-Immunocompromised Patients.

Background: Τo investigate the differences in regard to the clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings as well as the treatment course between diabetic and non-diabetic, non-immunocompromised patients with malignant otitis externa.

Methods: A total of 36 hospitalized patients diagnosed with malignant otitis externa between January 2011 and December 2020 were divided into 2 groups according to their medical history, blood glucose, and glycated hemoglobin levels.

Results: Thirty-two patients were diabetic (group A) and 4 were non-diabetic, non-immunocompromised (group B).

Variation in volumes and characteristics of ENT emergency visits during COVID-19 pandemic. Where are the patients?

The aim of this study is to analyze patterns and volumes of patients visiting ENT emergency departments during periods of community lockdowns given the newness of this situation and to assess the variation in numbers of visits and examine whether their reduction equally affects all categories of visit causation or whether it is limited to diseases not considered as emergencies. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on prospectively collected registry data on patients of all age groups visited the emergency ENT department during the period of nationwide lockdown. Patients were grouped in 9 categories, according to the cause of visit the ENT emergency department.

Newborn Hearing Screening: Analysing the Effectiveness of Early Detection of Neonatal Hearing Loss in a Hospital in Greece.

Introduction The introduction of newborn hearing screening programs (NHSP) has drastically contributed to the early diagnosis of hearing loss (HL) in children, with the prospect of children developing speech as early as possible. This retrospective study aims to present and discuss the preliminary results of the NHSP at the University Hospital of Patras, Greece, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of the program. The evaluation of the implementation of NHSP is important to confirm the effectiveness of the process and elaborate system failures.

Is Auditory Steady-State Response Testing the Key for Diagnosing Non-Organic Hearing Disorders? Implications for Current Audiological Practice.

Background And Objectives: To describe all possible facets of non-organic hearing disorders (NOHD) and emphasize the superiority of auditory steady-state response (ASSR) over previously employed hearing assessment tools.

Subjects And Methods: A series of seven patients consisting of three males and four females with NOHD were assessed at Attikon University Hospital (age range: 17-59 years). Three patients had Munchausen syndrome, three intentionally feigned hearing loss, and one intentionally feigned normal hearing.

Clinical and Microbiological Factors Associated With Abscess Formation in Adult Acute Epiglottitis.

Objectives: To evaluate clinical and microbiological findings that are correlated with abscess formation in adult acute epiglottitis (AE).

Methods: We reviewed 140 cases of adult AE. Demographic, clinical, imaging, and microbiological findings are analyzed for all patients with AE in comparison to those with epiglottic abscess (EA).

Climatic Variations as Indicators of Vitamin D Levels and Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo.

Objective To investigate the possible correlation between benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), seasonality, and climatic variations as indicators of vitamin D deficiency, since otoconia are calcium carbonate crystals. Methods This is a study of patients who received the diagnosis of BPPV from September 2015 to August 2019. Gender, age, and month of diagnosis were factors recorded and analyzed.

Ubi pus, ibi evacua: a review of 601 peritonsillar abscess adult cases.

Background: Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) is the most common deep neck infection, occurring as a consequence of bacterial acute tonsillitis or as a result of infection of the Weber glands, with frequent and life-threatening complications.

Aim: To investigate several factors associated with complications and worse prognosis, such as defining the method of surgical drainage and treatment of a PTA which remains an area of controversy in the literature METHODS: The purpose of this retrospective study is to examine the epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory findings of 601 adult patients and to discuss them along with their treatment plan.

Results: Pharyngalgia was the most common reported symptom, followed by trismus, odynophagia, fever, hot potato voice, malaise, and cervical lymphadenopathy.

Variation in volumes and characteristics of ENT emergency visits during COVID-19 pandemic. Where are the patients?

The aim of this study is to analyze patterns and volumes of patients visiting ENT emergency departments during periods of community lockdowns given the newness of this situation and to assess the variation in numbers of visits and examine whether their reduction equally affects all categories of visit causation or whether it is limited to diseases not considered as emergencies. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on prospectively collected registry data on patients of all age groups visited the emergency ENT department during the period of nationwide lockdown. Patients were grouped in 9 categories, according to the cause of visit the ENT emergency department.