Citrus flavonoids diosmin, myricetin and neohesperidin as inhibitors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Evidence from antibiofilm, gene expression and in vivo analysis.

Citrus flavonoids are group of bioactive polyphenols. Here, we investigated the potential of diosmin, myricetin and neohesperidin as possible inhibitors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This bacterium is a major clinical challenge due to its propensity to form resistant biofilm.

Exploring health beneficial effects of poisonous mushroom Batsch Fr.

In the present study, phenolic and flavonoid composition and biological properties of methanolic extract of wild growing collected in Serbia have been investigated. Ellagic acid was the most abundant phenolic compound (34.92 µg g-), followed by 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4.

Resveratrol/Selenium Nanocomposite with Antioxidative and Antibacterial Properties.

In this work, we synthesized a new composite material comprised of previously formulated resveratrol nanobelt-like particles (ResNPs) and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), namely ResSeNPs. Characterization was provided by FESEM and optical microscopy, as well as by UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy, the last showing hydrogen bonds between ResNPs and SeNPs. DPPH, TBA, and FRAP assays showed excellent antioxidative abilities with ResNPs and SeNPs contributing mainly to lipid peroxidation inhibition and reducing/scavenging activity, respectively.

Could alder buckthorn (Frangula alnus Mill) be a source of chemotherapeutics effective against hepato- and colorectal carcinoma? An in vitro study.

Among numerous types of cancer, hepatocellular and colorectal carcinoma are important causes of mortality. Given the nature of these cancer types and their resistance, it is of great importance to find new chemotherapeutics and therapy targets, so plant products seem to be an excellent choice in such search. The main goal of this study was to investigate anticancer activity of Frangula alnus ethyl-acetate extract (FA) and its dominant constituent emodin (E) on hepatocellular and colorectal carcinoma cell lines, HepG2 and HCT116, as well as on normal MRC-5 fibroblasts.

Cuticular Wax Variability of Abies alba, A.×borisii-regis and A. cephalonica from the Balkans: Chemophenetic and Ecological Aspects.

This is the first study on cuticular wax variability of Abies alba, A.×borisii-regis and A. cephalonica, using 18 native populations from the assumed hybrid zone in the Balkan Peninsula.

Chemical and Biological Investigations of L. Flower Extracts.

This study was designed to investigate the impact of different extraction solvent systems on the chemical composition and biological activities of L. (Amaryllidaceae)-the medicinal plant that was traditionally used as a remedy in the medieval period in the Balkans. Targeted chemical analysis of nine different extracts was performed by UHPLC(-)HESI-QqQ-MS/MS.

Essential oils as adjuvants in endodontic therapy: myth or reality?

To enhance endodontics, the search for new antibacterials that can improve infected tooth root canal treatment is ongoing. As potent antibacterial and antibiofilm agents, essential oils (EOs) have been suggested as novel endodontic materials. Several studies indicate that EO-based irrigants and medicaments show promising reductive potential against the most important intracanal pathogen, , and notably contribute to intracanal biofilm eradication.

Cinnamon essential oil and its emulsion as efficient antibiofilm agents to combat .

is an emerging nosocomial pathogen resistant to a wide spectrum of antibiotics, with great potential to form a biofilm, which further aggravates treatment of infections caused by it. Therefore, searching for new potent agents that are efficient against seems to be a necessity. One of them, which has already been proven to possess a wide spectrum of biological activities, including antimicrobial effect, is cinnamon essential oil.

Antibacterial efficiency of adjuvant photodynamic therapy and high-power diode laser in the treatment of young permanent teeth with chronic periapical periodontitis. A prospective clinical study.

Background: The study aimed at determining antibacterial efficiency of adjuvant photodynamic therapy (PDT) and high-power diode laser (DL) in the treatment of chronic periapical periodontitis (CPP) in young permanent teeth.

Methods: Forty-four young permanent teeth with CPP were randomly divided into three groups (PDT, DL and control). Each tooth underwent standard chemo-mechanical treatment, while within tested groups was additionally treated by PDT or DL.

Essential Oils of Three Balkan Abies Species: Chemical Profiles, Antimicrobial Activity and Toxicity toward Artemia salina and Drosophila melanogaster.

This study focused on the essential oils (EOs) isolated from needles with twigs of three indigenous Balkan Abies species (A. alba, A. × borisii-regis and A.

Tamjanika, a Balkan native variety of L.: Chemical characterization, antibacterial, and anti-dermatomycosis potential of seed oil.

This study was designed to explore functional food properties of edible seed oil obtained from Tamjanika seeds-autochthonous grape variety of Balkan Peninsula. In order to accomplish our goals, seed oil was isolated by Soxhlet apparatus and chemically characterized regarding fatty acids, carotenoids, tocopherols, and tocotrienols. Antimicrobial activity of the isolated oil was tested by microdilution method.

The role of Gentiana lutea extracts in reducing UV-induced DNA damage.

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can result in DNA damage, mainly through direct formation of pyrimidine dimers and generation of reactive oxygen species, which can lead to the skin disorders including cancer. In accordance with this, the use of natural antigenotoxins and/or antioxidants could contribute to human health protection. Considering that plants are rich in both, the aim of this study was to investigate UV-protective and antioxidative properties of yellow gentian (Gentiana lutea), being well established in pharmacopeias and traditional medicine.

Elucidating the antibiofilm activity of Frangula emodin against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms.

Aims: Because the Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most well-known pathogens associated with medical devices and nosocomial infections, the aim of the study was to examine antibiofilm potential of emodin against it.

Methods And Results: Antibacterial activity was examined through microdilution assay. Antibiofilm testing included crystal violet staining of biofilm biomass and morphology analysis by Atomic force microscopy (AFM).

essential oil: an active principle of nanoemulsion against root canal biofilm.

The objective was to formulate and characterize the nanoemulsion based on oil, intended for use in infected teeth root canal therapy. The investigation of the antioxidant and antibiofilm potential toward was aimed as well. Characterization of oil (by GC/MS analysis) and nanoemulsion (by dynamic light scattering instrument), and determination of antibacterial (by microdilution assay), antibiofilm (by crystal violet assay) and antioxidant properties (by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate and thiobarbituric acid assay methods) were provided.

In Vitro Study of Two Edible Polygonoideae Plants: Phenolic Profile, Cytotoxicity, and Modulation of Keap1-Nrf2 Gene Expression.

and (subfam. Polygonoideae) are used in traditional cuisines and folk medicine in various cultures. Previous studies indicated that phytochemicals obtained from Polygonoideae plants could sensitize chemoresistant cancer cells and enhance the efficacy of some cytostatics.

New insight into the antigenotoxic activity of Gentiana lutea extracts - Protective effect against food borne mutagens.

Food mutagens formed from amino acids during heating of meat have the potential to induce serious consequences on human health. As a result, the identification of naturally occurring, genoprotective agents, is of great importance. The aim of this study was to chemically characterize a root and leaf extracts of Gentiana lutea and to investigate the antigenotoxic effects of extracts and pure constituents (gentiopicroside and mangiferin).

Antimicrobial potential of irrigants based on essential oils of Cymbopogon martinii and Thymus zygis towards in vitro multispecies biofilm cultured in ex vivo root canals.

Objective: The objective was to determine the antibiofilm efficacy of Cymbopogon martinii and Thymus zygis essential oils and to estimate the disruption potential of oil-based endodontic irrigants on the multispecies biofilm formed in the root canals of extracted teeth.

Design: The essential oils were characterized (GC-MS), while their antibacterial and cytotoxic properties were detected by microdilution and MTT assays. Particles sizes and polydispersity indices were determined for the irrigants.

Anti-Virulence Potential and In Vivo Toxicity of and Extracts.

Many traditional remedies represent potential candidates for integration with modern medical practice, but credible data on their activities are often scarce. For the first time, the anti-virulence potential and the safety for human use of the ethanol extracts of two medicinal plants, (PEM) and (BIO), have been addressed. Ethanol extracts of both plants exhibited anti-virulence activity against the medically important opportunistic pathogen .

Wild edible onions - Allium flavum and Allium carinatum - successfully prevent adverse effects of chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin.

The objective of this study was to evaluate potential of two chemically characterized edible wild onion species, Allium flavum and Allium carinatum, to reduce side effects of cytostatic doxorubicin (Dox). Since Dox application is mainly limited due to its high cardiotoxicity, while there are no approved cardioprotective agents for the prevention of Dox adverse effects, new co-treatments are urgently needed. Here, we showed that methanol extracts expressed high antioxidant activity and synergistically increased Dox anticancer activity against human hepatoma (HepG2) and lung carcinoma (A549) cells, while protected normal human fibroblasts (MRC-5) from Dox cytotoxicity.

Epicuticular Waxes Provide Insights into Phytochemical Differentiation of Natural Populations of Pinus mugo Turra sensu stricto.

Phytochemical diversity and differentiation of nine native populations of Pinus mugo sensu stricto from Julian Alps, Southern Carpathians and Balkan Peninsula were analyzed in regard to their epicuticular wax compounds. GC/MS and GC-FID analyses of the hexane extracts of needle samples, collected from 118 individuals of P. mugo, revealed the presence of six diterpenes, three primary alcohols and 10 n-alkanes ranging from C to C (except n-alkane C ).

Beneficial Effect of Virgin Coconut Oil on Alloxan-Induced Diabetes and Microbiota Composition in Rats.

The gut microbiota is composed of a diverse population of obligate and facultative anaerobic microorganisms which are shown to influence host metabolism and immune homeostasis. This study investigated the effects of virgin coconut oil on the weekly fasting glycaemia, daily food and water intake and weekly body mass gain over 16 weeks, as well as the changes in composition of gut microbiota in both non-diabetic and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Although the intake of virgin coconut oil did not decrease the diabetes-induced hyperglycemia, it affected the secondary parameters, such as food and water intake and average body mass gain.