Role confusion as a barrier to effective carer involvement for people with intellectual disabilities in acute hospitals: findings from a mixed-method study.

Aims: To understand issues around carer roles that affect carer involvement for people with intellectual disabilities in acute hospitals.

Background: There is evidence that a lack of effective carer involvement can lead to poorer health outcomes for people with intellectual disabilities, but there is a lack of insight into the reasons for poor carer involvement in acute hospitals.

Design: Mixed methods in six acute hospital trusts in England (2011-2013).

The challenges in monitoring and preventing patient safety incidents for people with intellectual disabilities in NHS acute hospitals: evidence from a mixed-methods study.

Background: There has been evidence in recent years that people with intellectual disabilities in acute hospitals are at risk of preventable deterioration due to failures of the healthcare services to implement the reasonable adjustments they need. The aim of this paper is to explore the challenges in monitoring and preventing patient safety incidents involving people with intellectual disabilities, to describe patient safety issues faced by patients with intellectual disabilities in NHS acute hospitals, and investigate underlying contributory factors.

Methods: This was a 21-month mixed-method study involving interviews, questionnaires, observation and monitoring of incident reports to assess the implementation of recommendations designed to improve care provided for patients with intellectual disabilities and explore the factors that compromise or promote patient safety.

The barriers to and enablers of providing reasonably adjusted health services to people with intellectual disabilities in acute hospitals: evidence from a mixed-methods study.

Objective: To identify the factors that promote and compromise the implementation of reasonably adjusted healthcare services for patients with intellectual disabilities in acute National Health Service (NHS) hospitals.

Design: A mixed-methods study involving interviews, questionnaires and participant observation (July 2011-March 2013).

Setting: Six acute NHS hospital trusts in England.

Developing guidelines for disclosure or non-disclosure of bad news around life-limiting illness and death to people with intellectual disabilities.

Background: There is insufficient evidence to guide decisions around (non-)disclosure of bad news of life-limiting illness and death to people with intellectual disabilities.

Aim: The aim of this study was to develop guidelines for decisions about (non-)disclosure of bad news around life-limiting illness and death to people with intellectual disabilities, by examining stakeholders' preferences (and reasons) around disclosure and non-disclosure.

Materials And Methods: Focus groups and interviews were held with 109 participants: people with intellectual disabilities, family carers, intellectual disabilities professionals and medical healthcare professionals.

Tobacco withdrawal symptoms and urges to smoke in pregnant versus non-pregnant smokers.

We compared tobacco withdrawal in pregnant and non-pregnant smokers abstaining from smoking for 24h. Female smokers completed an internet-based questionnaire, including the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale-Revised (MNWS). They also rated additional withdrawal items and strength of urge to smoke.

People with intellectual disabilities who are affected by a relative or friend with cancer: a qualitative study exploring experiences and support needs.

Purpose: To explore the experiences of people with intellectual disabilities (ID) who have a relative or friend with cancer, and to identify their support needs.

Methods And Sample: Participants were 21 adults with ID who had a relative/friend with cancer, now or in the past. Data were collected using focus groups and face-to-face interviews.