Formation and Dynamics of Ion-Stabilized Gas Nanobubble Phase in the Bulk of Aqueous NaCl Solutions.

Ion-stabilized gas nanobubbles (the so-termed "bubstons") and their clusters are investigated in bulk aqueous solutions of NaCl at different ion concentrations by four independent laser diagnostic methods. It turned out that in the range of NaCl concentration 10(-6) < C < 1 M the radius of bubston remains virtually unchanged at a value of 100 nm. Bubstons and their clusters are a thermodynamically nonequilibrium phase, which has been demonstrated in experiments with magnetic stirrer at different stirring rates.

Colloidal crystal formation at the "Nafion-water" interface.

In our recent work [Bunkin et al. Water 2013, 4, 129-154] it was first obtained that the water layer, having a size of several tens of micrometers and being adjacent to the swollen Nafion interface, is characterized by enhanced optical density; the refractive index of water at the interface is 1.46.