An overview of the neurosurgical implications, pathophysiology, diagnosis and recent treatment strategies for Grade IV idiopathic osteolysis, also known as Gorham-Stout or phantom bone disease.

Objective: Gorham-Stout disease (GSD), commonly referred as vanishing bone or phantom bone disease, is a rare disorder characterized by spontaneous bone osteolysis due to proliferation of lymphangiomatous tissue. This disease can involve multiple bones and cause pathologic fractures. The exact cause of GSD is unknown and its severity is unpredictable; the disorder can potentially cause disfigurement or functional disability.

Enhancing contrast agents and radiotracers performance through hyaluronic acid-coating in neuroradiology and nuclear medicine.

The use of hyaluronic acid nanoshells has been proposed to encapsulate prodrugs and exploit the mechanisms of interactions between living cells, like endocytes or cancer cells and hyaluronic acid, which is a natural component of the extracellular matrix. In this review we describe the potential and the limits of this promising research trend and discuss the theoretical advantages of such an engineering approach. Is it a possible scalability to increase the efficacy and biodegradability of molecules like contrast media and radiotracers especially for neuroradiology and nuclear medicine studies.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis and papillary thyroid carcinoma. Are cytokeratin 19 and P63 proteins of any diagnostic value?

Background: The relation between Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remains controversial. We aimed to study the coexistence of PTC and HT and the diagnostic utility of cytokeratin19 and P63 proteins expression in all positive for PTC cases of HT.

Subjects And Methods: We analyzed data from 343 patients who underwent fine needle aspiration cytology followed by thyroid surgery over a six years period.