Assessment of Intranasal Function of the Trigeminal Nerve in Daily Clinical Practice.

Background: The trigeminal nerve is a mixed cranial nerve responsible for the motor innervation of the masticatory muscles and the sensory innervation of the face, including the nasal cavities. Through its nasal innervation, we perceive sensations, such as cooling, tingling, and burning, while the trigeminal system mediates the perception of airflow. However, the intranasal trigeminal system has received little attention in the clinical evaluation of patients with nasal pathology.

Olfactory training with four and eight odors: comparison with clinical testing and olfactory bulb volumetrics.

Purpose: Post-infectious olfactory dysfunction (PIOD) is one of the most common causes of olfactory impairment but has limited treatment options. Recently, olfactory training (OT) has been considered an effective treatment method; however, several questions have arisen regarding its optimal scheme. The aim of this study was to assess whether an OT scheme with 8 odors is more effective than the classic OT scheme with 4 odors by comparing psychophysical test results and olfactory bulb (OB) volumetrics.

Epistaxis Treatment Options: Literature Review.

Epistaxis means bleeding from nostrils, nasal cavity or nasopharynx. To summarize the available epistaxis treatment options. Methods: 61 articles published in the last 20 years were included.

The effectiveness and safety of sialendoscopy for sialolithiasis in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Sialendoscopy is a new, minimally invasive method that is becoming increasingly more popular than traditional methods for the treatment of sialolithiasis. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the effectiveness and safety of this method in children with sialolithiasis are investigated.

Methods: Inclusion criteria were children with sialolithiasis.

The effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the final outcome of patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Purpose: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of the combination of systemic steroids (SS) and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).

Materials And Methods: Fifty patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss were allocated into 2 groups: the control group received Dexamethasone IV (SS) and the therapy group received Dexamethasone IV combined with 15 sessions of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (SS + HBOT) as initial treatment. Hearing assessment was performed at the admission to hospital and 3 months after the onset of treatment.

Role of spreader flaps in primary rhinoplasty, functional and aesthetic outcomes: a systematic review.

Background: The standard treatment for reconstructing the middle vault of the nose is to use spreader grafts. Recently, an alternative technique using spreader flaps has become widely accepted.

Methodology: A literature search was performed in MEDLINE, Science Direct, the Cochrane Library and multiple trial registries.

Sarcoma in a Patient with Laryngeal Papillomatosis: A Case Report.

Introduction: Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is classically described as a benign neoplasm of the larynx. Nevertheless, transformation to dysplasia and invasive carcinoma can occur. Sarcoma of the larynx is rare.

Postinfectious Olfactory Dysfunction: Oral Steroids and Olfactory Training versus Olfactory Training Alone: Is There any Benefit from Steroids?

Introduction: There are limited treatment options for postinfectious olfactory dysfunction (PIOD). Olfactory training has recently been used in clinical practice, but no medical treatment is widely accepted. Although there is weak evidence for their value, some physicians use oral corticosteroids as first-line treatment.

First Branchial Cleft Anomalies: Rare Work Type I and Type II Entities.

First branchial cleft anomalies (FBCAs) are the most infrequent malformations that occur during the development of the branchial apparatus, appearing in less than 8% of all branchial anomalies. Traditionally, they are classified into Work type I and II, depending on their origin. We present a pair of rare FBCAs: a case of a preauricular Work type I cyst with twin fistulae coursing toward the parotid gland and a Work type II cyst of significant dimensions.

Nasal Septum Hemangioma in a 9-Year-Old Boy.

Hemangiomas of the head and neck account for about 7% of all benign tumors in children. Τhey are rare in the nasal cavity and especially in the nasal septum. Only 16 cases of intranasal hemangiomas in childhood have been previously described in the literature and 6 of them arising from the nasal septum.

A Rare Clinical Report of Intramuscular Hemangioma of the Middle Scalene Muscle.

Intramuscular hemangioma (IMH) is an uncommon benign vascular lesion, which develops in skeletal muscles and it accounts for <1% of all hemangiomas. The accurate diagnosis is often difficult because the clinical and radiological findings are not specific. The gold standard treatment of IMH is surgical resection.

Squamous cell carcinoma in a thyroglossal duct cyst and 99mTc-MIBI findings.

The incidence of carcinomas in thyroglossal duct cysts is extremely low. The vast majority are papillary carcinomas, with only 14 cases of squamous cell carcinomas reported in the literature. A 78 years old male patient presented with an asymptomatic large mass in his anterior neck, considerably immobile, with inflamed overlying skin.

Traumatic dislocation of the incudostapedial joint repaired with fibrin tissue adhesive.

We present a case of traumatic dislocation of the incudostapedial joint (ISJ) and a simple method for controlled application of the glue using commercial fibrin tissue adhesive. A 26-year-old female presented to our ENT clinic for hearing impairment to her left ear 2 months after a head trauma due to a motorcycle accident. The audiogram revealed a 40- to 50-dB HL conductive hearing loss with a notch configuration in bone conduction curve on the left ear.

Cholesterol granuloma presenting as a mass obstructing the external ear canal.

Background: Cholesterol granuloma (CG) may involve the middle ear, the mastoid bone and the petrous apex. However, CG presenting as a mass obstructing the external ear canal (EEC) is relatively rare and it can be a diagnostic challenge.

Case Presentation: We report a case of a CG occupying the mastoid antrum and presenting as a mass into the EEC.

Psychometric properties of the EORTC head and neck-specific quality of life questionnaire in disease-free Greek patients with cancer of pharynx and larynx.

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to formally translate to and determine the psychometric properties of QLQ-H&N35 in a group of Greek patients who had been successfully treated for laryngeal or pharyngeal cancer.

Method: The Greek translation of the questionnaire was performed according to the instructions of EORTC Quality of Life group as described in the translation manual. The procedure included forward and backward translations followed by a pilot study and was reported and accepted by the EORTC Quality of Life group.

Ototoxicity caused by once- and twice-daily administration of amikacin in rabbits.

Objective: The cochleotoxic effects of aminoglycosides, such as amikacin, are well-established. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible differences in cochleotoxic effects between once-daily administration (ODA) and twice-daily administration (TDA) of amikacin simulating pediatric dosing.

Methods: Twenty-one rabbits were used.

Efficacy of teicoplanin for the prevention of surgical site infections after total hip or knee arthroplasty: a prospective, open-label study.

A prospective randomised study was conducted in three centres to evaluate the efficacy of teicoplanin as antimicrobial prophylaxis for arthroplasties. From a total of 616 patients undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty, 278 patients operated on in one centre were administered a single dose of 10mg/kg teicoplanin upon introduction of anaesthesia and the remaining 338 patients operated on in the other two centres were administered multiple doses of comparators for 4-6 days as decided by the attending physicians. Follow-up was done for 24 months.

The tympanic segment of the facial nerve: anatomical study.

There is a conroversy in the literature about the length of the proximal tympanic segment of the facial nerve (PTSFN). The objective of the current study is to measure the length of the tympanic segment of the facial nerve (TSFN) and of its proximal (PTSFN) and distal (DTSFN) segments, in normal human temporal bones. Moreover, we will explore if these lengths are correlated.

Factors influencing quality of life in laryngectomized patients.

The aim of this study is to estimate the quality of life postlaryngectomy. A questionnaire was used. Fifty-six patients were enrolled answering 26 questions.