Distraction osteogenesis of the canine mandible: the impact of acute callus manipulation on vascularization and early bone formation.

Purpose: Manipulations of the newly created regenerate, using adjustable multiplanar devices during distraction osteogenesis or as a 1-step molding procedure at the end of the distraction process, may be necessary to correct the position of the mandible. Treatment of complex deformities may require preplanned major angulation provided by adjustable devices. We sought to assess the effects of molding the fresh regenerate on vascularization and early bone formation within clinically relevant dimensions.